Ukuhlaziywa kwe-inkondlo Brodsky, "Ningayi egumbini, ungawenzi amaphutha ...". Brodsky

Iosif Brodsky - lena omunye izimbongi ethandwa kakhulu ezikhathini zanamuhla. Inkondlo edume kunazo uyazi yonke intsha abafundile. Imibhalo esuka ku nemisebenzi yakhe futhi izincwadi ezindiza amanethiwekhi omphakathi. Brodsky ushiye lenqwaba izinkondlo wobuciko Russian.

Life Indlela I.Brodsky

Iosif Brodsky wazalwa eLeningrad ngo-1940. Kusukela ebuntwaneni, wayewazisa umoya ezingaqondakali Petersburg: ezitaladini ezimanzi, iminyuziyamu ... Konke lokhu zashiya izibazi phezu imisebenzi nobunjalo I. Brodsky.

Igama lakhe (njengoba Brodsky ngokuthi behlonipha Stalin) kwaba ukuphila kwabanye indida, njengoba imbongi abalwamukelanga kokubusa kweSoviet (kulula ukubona, uma senza uhlaziyo inkondlo Brodsky). Kakade eminyakeni engu-15, uJosefa waziveza kakhulu ukuthi akusilo ingane enenkani. Ngenxa ze njalo imibono evamile washiya esikoleni ngemva grade 8 futhi ngaqala ukusebenza.

Brodsky njalo ukufunda. Wayefuna ukuqonda yonke okungukuthi emhlabeni. Wafunda izilimi, kuhlanganise isiNgisi Polish.

Brodsky ngokwakhe wathi eqala ukubhala izinkondlo eneminyaka engu-18, kodwa ikhono lakhe lokusungula abalandeli usola ukuthi kwaqala ngaphambili. Wayethanda kakhulu wezinkondlo wacabanga ukuthi kudingekile ukuba ngezikhathi inhlonipho umsebenzi Tsvetaeva futhi Rilke.

Inkantolo futhi isixhumanisi

Februwari 1964. Iosifa Brodskogo Kuboshwe kungazelelwe, kodwa lokho? Parasitism, t. E. Ngoba impilo izindleko yomunye. Mhlawumbe manje ngeke ubonakale uxaka kithi, kodwa kubusa amaSoviet, kwaba esijezisekayo ngempela. Poet badingiselwa emzaneni Arkhangelsk esifundeni ukusebenza epulazini "Danilevsky". Okokuqala Brodsky khona abavamile yesisebenzi , futhi udlulise lo msebenzi sekukaningi. Kodwa kamuva ngezizathu zempilo, uba photographer.

I.Brodsky ekuthunjweni ukukhululwa zakuqala, wabuyela Leningrad futhi uzama futhi ukuze uqale ukubhala izinkondlo. Kodwa ukucwaninga akavumeli nabo ukuphrinta. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, I. Brodsky, aziwayo kakade emibuthanweni tetemibhalo, indoda wakwazi ukunyathelisa izinkondlo 4 kuphela.

Ngo-1972, imbongi ephoqeleka ukuba ashiye izindlela Russia yahamba yayohlala eMelika. Elapho bathola uMklomelo KaNobel ngenxa izincwadi, ishicilela iqoqo izinkondlo zakhe. Washona ngo-New York.

Ukudala I.Brodsky

1972 uphawula esigabeni esisha empilweni umsebenzi I. Brodsky. Njengoba ngishilo ngenhla, ngo-1986 wathola uMklomelo KaNobel Emkhakheni Wezincwadi seqoqo Tindzaba "Less Than One". Lena iqoqo indzaba Brodsky nje kuphela. Ngesikhathi kwafika nomunye - "quay ezingelapheki". Ngaphezu indzabambhalo, umsebenzi J. Brodsky kukhona izinguqulo eziningi nokudlala.

Ngo-1972 ukuwa amaqoqo "Ukuphela Kwezinto a Beautiful Era" futhi "Ingxenye Yokukhuluma ', futhi ngo-1987 -" Urania "nesithi" eduze Atlantis: Tinkondlo okusha. "

Ukuhlaziya inkondlo Brodsky sika "Ningayi egumbini"

Lena enye yezinhlobo ezingu izinkondlo edume kakhulu imbongi. It is eligcwele isihloko umbuso wamaSoviet. Umqondo oyinhloko: kungcono umngcwabe ngaphakathi kwezindonga egumbini, kunalokho ukuba singaweli ezilingweni zomhlaba ngaphandle. Futhi akuzona zonke. Inkondlo kulotshelwe abantu ababili abami, ngubani ebusuku kukhona izingxoxo emelene nohulumeni aqukethe intombi eseceleni nosuku ziklabalase ngelutsandvo amandla eSoviet Union, kanye ukwazisa kwabanye. Futhi, le nkondlo sibhekiswe kulabo abafuna ukuba mahhala, kodwa cha ngakhokhela it.

izinkondlo Brodsky Kunconywa kunoma ubani uyathanda ukukhuluma ngesimo inkululeko, ngobujamo ngamunye ezweni lanamuhla, ukulahla nezinjabulo encane. Lena into esemqoka udinga ukuba banake, uma wenza ukuhlolisiswa le nkondlo Brodsky. Mabasitshele zona ukuba ukushayela "bukhoma Milken" t. E. Man, ababefika bezombona. Phela, njengoba ungathatha ke endlini uma akuyona unkosikazi semthethweni? "Ningangibizi ngokuthi injini", ie. E. Itekisi, ngoba isakhamuzi isilinganiso eU.SSR ukuthi ngeke sikwazi ukulithenga.

"Emgwaqweni, itiye, hhayi France" - Okuxakayo uyalibona Brodsky ( "Ningayi egumbini"). Ukuhlaziywa kwe-inkondlo usinikeze, wembula isikhundla eyisisekelo imbongi nezwe lakhe.

Ukuhlaziywa kwe-inkondlo "Uthando"

Senza uhlaziyo inkondlo "Uthando" Brodsky sika. Kuba sobala ukuthi lunikezelwe owesifazane. Lona wesifazane kuyinto Marina Basmanova, indodakazi umdwebi odumile. Ngokusho besikhathi wathi Brodsky ngisho kubhekwe wakhe njengomlobokazi wakhe. Akumangalisi imigca enkondlweni sifundeka kanje: "ngiphuphe kimi abakhulelwe ..."

Inkondlo iqala neqiniso ukuthi iqhawe evuka, eya windi bese uthi iphupho lakhe. Owesifazane ayewaphuphile we okhulelweyo, imbongi ihlangabezana umuzwa ongavamile. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lapho ngimbona ephusheni ekhulelwe, yayilala azizwa umuzwa wecala ngenxa yokuhluleka ukwenza ukugcina lokhu kuthandana phakathi kwazo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uthi "izingane kuphela Ukulungisiswa ubunqunu yethu." Futhi ngelinye ilanga, lapho ebona kubo ngephupho, imbongi enquma ukuhlala nabo khona emhlabeni izithunzi. Lona leli qiniso eliyisisekelo, njengoba ukuhlaziywa libonisa, le nkondlo Brodsky, anikezelwe abathanda.

Ukuhlaziywa kwe-inkondlo "Solitude"

Wonke umuntu empilweni kukhona isikhathi lapho uzizwa wedwa ngokuphelele. Futhi ngaphambi kokuba benze ukuhlaziywa nkondlo Brodsky sika "Isizungu", vula umlando indalo yayo. Ngakho-ke iminyaka namajenali etemibhalo 19 sinqatshiwe ngenxa ukubukwa angajwayelekile. Brodsky wathatha kulokhu kuhluleka nobuhlungu Amazing, ngoba ngempela unesizungu kakhulu. "Kungcono ukuba bakhulekele Givens" - efika kulesi siphetho. Kungcono bayakhohlwa amaphupho abo, ukukhohlisa. Yamukela "ithephu shabby" yesimanjemanje, okuyinto esikhathini esizayo kuyoba "ukubiya ... ukuzibamba ibhalansi iqiniso lakho izinyonga ..." t. E. Ukusekela. Lezi imigqa ukuveza imizwa yabo Iosif Brodsky.

Ukuhlaziywa kwe-inkondlo "Mina bangana emahlombe futhi wabheka ..."

Kulesi inkondlo futhi sibonakala Marina Basmanova eshiwo ngenhla. Futhi uma nikwenza lokho ukuhlaziywa inkondlo Brodsky ethi "I bangana", kuba sobala ukuthi indawo ebalulekile empilweni imbongi wathatha lo muntu wesifazane. Uthando lwabo lithandana I. Brodsky wayeka ngoba wamshiya enye indoda. Ungacabanga yini imizwa yake imbongi.

Inkondlo yabhalwa ekuqaleni ubudlelwane futhi Basmanova Brodsky, ngo-1962. Inkondlo kuyinto ehleliwe kanje: hero buhlanganisa othandekayo wakhe futhi ubona konke lokhu kuyaqhubeka ngemva kwakhe. Lokhu odongeni, kwaphoqa ngesitulo, amnyama kuhhavini isibani nge gagasi lokushisekela yanda, lezitsha ... Isithombe acacile kakhulu kubaneka phambi kwamehlo hero - ibhu. Yena baveza stupor iqhawe.

isithombe engaqondakali yowesifazane kule nkondlo. The hero buhlanganisa wakhe, kodwa ... kamuva isithombe sakhe anyakaza. Kwakubonakala cha. Ngokumangalisayo, ngoba ingaphakathi imbongi likuchaza ngokuningiliziwe phezu ugone owesifazane othandwa akuzange kubonakale kumenze lutho.

iqhawe nkondlo sengathi simi ziphezu kombundu. "Futhi uma yisithunzi lapha oke wahlala, ehamba endlini. Washiya." Lezi amayunithi wezinhlamvu uphela inkondlo. Kubonakala sengathi iqhawe, ukhuluma ngani umphefumlo, unombono yena uya ukushiya endlini lona wesifazane buthule.

Ukuhlaziywa kwe-inkondlo "Christmas Star"

Ngaphambi kokwenza ekuhlaziyweni inkondlo Brodsky sika "Christmas Star", kufanele uyakhumbula, lapho isikhathi imbongi wahlala. Yebo, ngaphandle kwamandla Soviet wanqoba ukuthi kungenzeka ukushicilela imisebenzi themes zenkolo? Ngakho-ke kusobala ukuthi le nkondlo yabhalwa ngemva Brodsky bethuthele Melika.

Wawuthi esekelwe izifundo zebhayibheli, enikelwe indaba yokuzalwa kukaJesu Kristu. "Lo mntwana wazalelwa emhumeni ukuze ngisindise umhlaba" - imbongi ubhala. Mhlawumbe kakade kusengaphambili ukuthi ukuphila wezwe lakhe sisonqenqemeni lwenhlekelele, futhi ngokushesha wayesefundela elinde noshintsho kwezomnotho, ezombusazwe, inkolo yamanga. Futhi kuphela ayeyigugu ungagcina wakhe.

"Inkanyezi yabheka womhume kwaba umbono kaYise." - emigqeni lokugcina enkondlweni. Lapha, umlobi ugcizelela ukuthi umhlaba wonke ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukaNkulunkulu, kwakuwukuba sonke isintu yenzani, elungisa amehlo akhe.

Ngaphambi nje kokuba ama Brodsky wabhala le nkondlo (njengoba kwalotshwa kwezilwandle), ngakho kwadingeka incwadi ethi uyise washona. Futhi mhlawumbe, ngaphambi kokuba afe, imbongi abazange balikholwe uyise othile obalulekile. Nokho, enkondlweni laveta umthunzi ukuthi ubaba uyindoda kungaba ukwesekwa elibalulekile. Nakuba uJesu - ingane, uyise beyibukela, sivikelo.

okutholakele

Ngakho, sihlaziya umsebenzi I. Brodsky, ngokuvamile, ngokukhethekile, wabheka eminye imisebenzi, benza ucwaningo lwabo. inkondlo Brodsky sika - akuyona nje imilando ehlanganiswe ambalwa. Lona wonke enkathini. Nakuba izimbongi abaningi babemesaba ukuphikisana iziphathimandla zaseSoviet, Brodsky wambheka ngqo emehlweni. Lapho Awuvunyelwe ukushicilela izinkondlo zakhe ekhaya, waya Melika futhi ukwenze nenkululeko yokukhuluma.

Ihlaziye ngenhla imisebenzi kungukuthi washiywa Brodsky izinkondlo. Uma lokumba ngokuzitadisha, singabona ukuthi iningi izinkondlo kukhona abaholi namaqhawe, ababusi. Designated azithathe amavesi ngobuKristu.

manje Iosif Brodsky kubhekwa hhayi kuphela Russian kodwa futhi Imbongi yaseMelika.