I-US Navy. Ukwakheka kwe-US Navy. US Navy Base

Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-21, izikhulu zempi United States bandisa izinhlelo eziningana ezinkulu, inhloso enkulu okwakunzima yokuthuthukisa ukulwa amakhono, ukulwa amakhono kanye nesakhiwo senhlangano amabutho asolwandle. Okwamanje, i-US Navy kabusha izinhlelo sekusele kancane ukuthi iphothulwe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ngenkuthalo ukusebenza umthamo yohlelo futhi kabusha ukulwa imikhumbi, ukwakha ngesisekelo 313 ngemikhumbi yakhona esizayo. Kwelulwe kakhulu futhi kulekelelwa izimiso amasu ka samasosha injongo Navy kanye namabutho le Coast Guard, Marine Corps futhi navies of friendly futhi ahlangene amazwe USA abalingani. Lezi zimiso amaKristu livikeleke asanda kwakhiwa Marine Strategy baseMelika.

uhlaka lwenhlangano

Navy US has a isakhiwo sasivumela ngoludala futhi cishe EsiZulwini asinayo i-cishe amakhulu amabili eminyaka. izinguquko yamanje abathintekayo ikakhulukazi i Sakhiwo sangekhatsi imiyalo ngabanye (sezikhundleni) kanye nezilawuli main. I Navy kuhlanganisa Navy futhi elihamba, okuyinto yena, akhiwe reserve amabutho namabutho njalo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo elihamba ngokusemthethweni kumele kulinganiswa uhlobo oluthile amabutho ahlomile. Kukhona division of Marine Ukuvikelwa, aphethwe uMnyango Homeland Security. Kodwa lokhu kungatholakala kuphela ngezikhathi zokuthula. Esimweni esiphuthumayo noma impi, eba ilawulwe Navy.

E-US Navy, okwakhiwa kwalo njalo olusha, phakathi nonyaka ka-2008 yayihlanganisa abantu abayizinkulungwane 332. Kulawa, ayizinkulungwane 51 - kungcono izikhulu. Isibalo Marine Corps kuyinto ezingeni labantu ayizinkulungwane 175, iningi labo 40,000 zibhaliswe esiqiwini.

La mabutho amabili

Ngokusho kwenhlangano nezokuphatha zonke amabutho ahlomile zinikwa mabutho amabili: zasePacific naseNyakatho-Atlantic. Lapho zihlanganiswa amabutho amasosha, kanye emoyeni, kwamanzi kanye ngwenya amabutho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, IUD 10 yakhiwa somhlaba kanye 4 mezhflotskih emaphakathi umyalo ukuzithoba.

Atlantic imikhumbi

Wadala ngo-1906, i-Atlantic imikhumbi izikhathi eziningana ezashintsha isimo salo. Ngo-1923, kwathiwa kabusha ibe ukuqapha kanye kwesimo endaweni. Ngo-1941 waphinde waba Atlantic ne ushintsho umyalo isikhundla. Uma ngaphambi yalesi zungu eholwa engemuva Admiral, manje ophakanyiswe elisezingeni egcwele ( "chetyrehzvozdnogo") Admiral. Kusukela ngo-1947 kuya-1985 yena ephethwe umlawuli mikhumbi abakhulu (GC). Ngaphezu kwalokho esemahlombe ayo core, wayephatha imikhumbi e-Atlantic. Ngo-1986 ngadluliselwa sephini. Ekupheleni 2002, uMphathi isihloko uyekwa nguNgqongqoshe wezokuVikela (kusebenza kuphela ukuba abe US umongameli), futhi akhonze Admirals futhi ojenene zabuye ngokuthi izinduna. Ngo-2006 wakhushulelwa Fleet Forces Command isimo (FFC) US Fleet Forces Command (USFFC). Umkhuzi Atlantic Fleet waqala ukuhola amabutho asolwandle wase-United States futhi wathola amandla ukunwetshwa.

Pacific imikhumbi

Inhloko Pacific Fleet ngqo subordinated umkhuzi US Navy, onikeza iseluleko ku Logistics, ukuqeqeshwa, ukunxenxa kanye ukuthunyelwa amabutho asolwandle jikelele. Ngesikhathi esifanayo yena ophethe amandla futhi ulwandle i-Atlantic Pacific. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ikhanda zasePacific Fleet icala ukuphathwa kuya Navy, amalungu united amabutho ahlomile (USJFCOM) Strategic and Northern Command. Ngesikhathi zokuphatha ezingeni USFFC kuncike kuphela Atlantic imikhumbi, futhi ezinhlanu somhlaba futhi umyalo ezimbili mezhflotskih.

mabutho tekusebenta

Lona eliphakeme op izinhlangano e-United States Navy. Ngesisekelo ngokuhlanganisa izakhiwo eziningana kwamiswa Atlantic Fleet 2nd (eNyakatho ye-Atlantic), 4th (Caribbean) kanye 6th (iMedithera) mabutho. amandla eyohlobo Pacific Fleet ethulwa 3rd, 5th kanti imikhumbi 7th. Heterogeneous yokusebenza amayunithi, zezakhi namaqembu ukuthi ayingxenye mabutho tekusebenta, ifakwe ezitsheni ukwesekwa, imikhumbi kanye amayunithi ahlukahlukene (Marine futhi zezindiza al.).

Ministry Navy

Lokhu yisona sakhiwo esiphezulu sokuphatha control Marine Corps namabutho asolwandle. Ngokuhambisana sihloko lweshumi uNobhala umthethosisekelo Navy elawula yonke Ministry of imisebenzi yansuku zonke, kuhlanganise nalawo ahlobene ngokuziphatha demobilization, ukugqugquzela kanye imisebenzi yenhlangano, ukwakheka izisebenzi, imishini, izinto zokusebenza, ukuthengisela, ukuqeqeshwa, izingxenye kanye US Navy kuhlanganisa izithombe okuyinto anamekwe kuleli sihloko. UNgqongqoshe ucubungula ukukhiqizwa izinhlelo (noma ukwakhiwa), ukulungisa kanye sesimanje izitsha, imishini kanye nezempi, kanye izakhiwo angasogwini nasemaxhaphozini izinto. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bakha imiqondo amasu kanye nezinhlelo eziphathelene nokongiwa ukulondeka kwezwe, ngaphansi oda we enguNgqongqoshe wezokuVikela umongameli.

indlunkulu Navy

Navy ephakeme ebusayo yezwe. It iholwa umlawuli omkhulu (ngokuyisisekelo Commander) Navy. UNobhala we-Navy wehlisela phezu kwayo umyalo jikelele yemikhumbi. Uyena obangela ukusetshenziswa kwemithombo zikahulumeni futhi impendulo okusheshayo umyalo ezikhona elisogwini base-US Navy. Wabuye uba umeluleki kuNgqongqoshe Navy futhi uMongameli ku ngokuziphatha imisebenzi yezempi futhi unesibopho kubo ngoba zonke izinqumo. Iphini elisebenza okuqala Navy Commander kwakuwukuthi, induna zokuphatha kwabasebenzi futhi ezine kwamaphini, eliholwa ukuphathwa Chief (inethiwekhi nezokuxhumana izinhlelo; ukuthuthukiswa nokuhlela imiqondo amasu, imfundo, ukuqeqeshwa kanye nemfundo kwabasebenzi, okuzokwenza kamuva kufanele kukhethwe ngendlela Navy United States, ukuhlanganiswa kwezinsiza namakhono ).

Endlunkulu izingxenye tekusebenta yemikhumbi

Kuhlangene nezinye nokusebenza izintonga mabutho (4, 5, no-6 th) futhi akheke ecacile yenhlangano eliqinisekisiwe eside nakho lempi. indlunkulu okunjalo ephethwe substituent umkhuzi kuhlanganisa ukulawula njalo (intelligence, ukusebenza, abasebenzi, kanye nokuhlela ukusebenza, Logistics and t. D.) Futhi amayunithi (Chaplain, ezempilo, ukuphepha, kanye nabanye.).

Battle of the US Navy

Ngenxa ezingaba (isakhiwo olinganiselayo futhi ukulwa amakhono) kwalo kuhlale kuhambisana ivolumu kanye kwenkululeko imigomo nokusebenza futhi amasu kulo lonke kwekhulu lamashumi amabili. Ngemva kokuphela "impi yomshoshaphansi" kanye "ukufudumala" abalulekile sezulu amandla ukulwa lempi ngamazwe wakhathala kakhulu. Kodwa lokhu nje sinqumo sesikhashana. Nakuba uma iqhathaniswa namanye amazwe, bese-United States kangako konke cha. Ngokwesibonelo, isilinganiso Navy Russia nase-United States-1 kuya 10.

Ekuqaleni ngekhulu xxi abaholi namalungu High Umyalo we Navy wezwe abaye babonakalisa ukwanda amandla asolwandle. Bona sawuthethelela lo entry US empini yokulwa lobuphekula bomhlaba wonke. Eqinisweni, isizathu salokhu impi akuyona usongo kwamaphekula kanti usongo ngamazwe amandla crisis. Le mpi namanje uya kuya eMpumalanga Ephakathi, siguqulelwa lokulwa esisobala ukulawula inani phezu ezimakethe zomhlaba izinto zokusetshenziswa.

Ibutho lasemoyeni

Lokhu kuhlanganisa multi-purpose izindiza abathwali US Navy, okuyizinto eziyinhloko eyinhloko amaqembu impi futhi compounds, futhi kwenye yezingxenye ezibaluleke kakhulu yemikhumbi tekusebenta Navy. Okwamanje, eziyishumi (11) izitsha lesi sigaba sibe izitshalo amandla enuzi.

Lapho kukhona ukuthunyelwa okusheshayo amaqembu izindiza impi, inkampani ngayinye iqala ukuthatha ebhodini iphiko eyabelwe yona. Njengoba isitsha 11 njalo phezu kulungiswe lohleliwe, ukuphathwa njalo Navy emoyeni amaphiko kwakhiwa eziyishumi ezinjalo. In ngamunye kubo kufika ku-80 izindiza ezinophephela emhlane kanye nezindiza ezinemishini yokuthwebula ephambili. Ngaphezu kwalokho, indlela yokwakheka squadrons ifakwe zasePacific naseNyakatho-Atlantic mabutho futhi ingxenye Marine Corps. Zonke anawo asolwandle zezindiza izindiza ngesikhathi kuba amayunithi 4000.

Ukushesha yokwakhiwa ezindizeni, izindiza ezinophephela emhlane, ngwenya nemikhumbi ebusweni kukhona ngenxa ukwakheka iziqondiso umkhumbi, ukudlulisa kanti nomgodla isiteleka amaqembu kunesidingo.

amabutho ebusweni

Lokhu kuhlanganisa ebusweni imikhumbi US Navy amakilasi eziyisisekelo: 22 Cruisers ( "Ticonderoga"), 33 imikhumbi ukuphila kokubili emanzini nasezweni, 52 abachithi ( "Orli Bork"), 30 frigates ( "Oliver Perry X."), 10 jikelele "Tara". Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona 9 indiza imikhumbi, echwebeni, ukuhlukana 12 uyisa futhi 14 okwami-eshanela "Avengers." Ngakho, inani eliphelele US Navy emikhunjini kulingana amayunithi 104. Ngokuzayo sihlela ukwandisa lesi sibalo.

Yempi ukuhlinzeka zonke izinhlobo Ukuvikelwa emkhakheni ukulwa umsebenzi kanye ukuhwebelana yemikhumbi ulwandle. Futhi iqhaza imisebenzi ekhethekile nangomcibisholo kanye wezikhali iziteleka akhatshana yasogwini lolwandle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isakhiwo ebuyekeziwe zokwakheka asolwandle kuhlanganisiwe imikhumbi ukuphila kokubili emanzini nasezweni. Kusese okwami siye isitsha, self-abathintekayo ekusebenzeni kwami. By the way, muva nje ngo-abezindaba Russian ezishiwoyo ngale imikhumbi emibili entsha US Navy e oLwandle Olumnyama. Inkantolo kwabonakala ngosuku olwandulela iMidlalo Yama-Olympic ngo Sochi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha.

Mathenda okwakha wokuqala 2 abachithi (DDG -1000 kanye -1001) kwasayinwa kuka 2007 seven- futhi oneminyaka eyisishiyagalombili imigomo. ubuholi Navy futhi usunike izimali ukwakhiwa imikhumbi emihlanu efanayo (DDG-1002-1006). Ngu 2018 bayoba bewuhlomele. Ngo-2011 no-2013, kwaqala umsebenzi wokwakha 2 Cruisers iphrojekthi CG (X). ukudluliselwa Abo ngoxhaxha zizokwenzeka 2019. Le mikhumbi zakhiwa esekelwe DD (X) yephrojekthi futhi kuhlelwe indawo le Cruisers 22-class "Ticonderoga". Nokho, ukuqhubeka ukwakhiwa imikhumbi iphrojekthi Series CG (X) kuyinkinga kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, Navy ucubungula izindlela ezihlukahlukene. Omunye wabo - ukudalwa-5 Cruisers uro. Kodwa isinqumo sokugcina isalinde.

Ukubaluleka Navy ukulwa imisebenzi ezindaweni ezingasogwini isikhathi ukudalwa i isigaba esisha ngokuphelele nemikhumbi LCS project - ukulwa imikhumbi ogwini. Okokuqala okubili emkhunjini ( "Ukuzibusa" futhi "Freedom") isivele idluliselwe Navy ngo-2008 no-2009. Ukwakhiwa 2 imikhumbi ezilandelayo (LCS-3 futhi -4) imiselwe nokwanda eqolo e izindleko imisebenzi ngaphansi izivumelwano wasayina ngaphambili. Lezi izinkontileka abangu inqanyulwe. Yiqiniso, multi-purpose imikhumbi alesi sigaba ibaluleke kakhulu Navy, kodwa ukwakhiwa ngezimali lihlehliselwe isikhathi esingaziwa. Ngokuvamile, iphrojekthi LCS ihlela ukwakhela izitsha 55. Isinqumo sokugcina iyothathwa kuphela ngemva kokuhlaziya nokuhlola izici ukulwa kakade wakha onobuhle. Navy ngeke bese ukhetha project engcono. Kunoma ikuphi, usuku beqeda lolu hlelo kuzodingeka ukuhambisa okuningi okunye ecacisiwe ngokuya 2020.

ngwenya amandla

Bahlanganisa 4 SSGN ( "OH"), 52 SSNs (45 "Los Angeles", 4 "Va" futhi 3 "Si Vulf") kanye 14 NPBMS ( "OH").

Impilo inkonzo ngwenya yenuzi-powered (SSNs) e-US Navy enwetshiwe kuze 2040 kuhambisana neluhlelo lwentfutfuko jikelele. Ngesikhathi sihlelwe ukuba afihle lokho ayikho missile ballistic amasha sizukulwane futhi missile ngwenya.

Ngokusho ohlelweni olukhona yemikhumbi kuze 2020 amabutho asolwandle kudingeka SSNs amayunithi 48. Kodwa lesi sibalo hhayi okokugcina futhi zingashintsha elikhulu, futhi ohlangothini ezincane.

Minyaka yonke kusukela ngo-2009, wawusekelwe multi-purpose ngwenya yenuzi ( "Virginia"). Lesi sakamuva liyophelela 2015. Lezi ngwenya uzothatha indawo ka ingxenye isikebhe, "Los Angeles", cishe ukufinyelela ekupheleni ukuphila zaso zokusebenza. Kusukela 2011, it kuhlelwe ukuba abelwe kusukela isabelomali ukuze kwakhiwe ngwenya amabili ngonyaka, futhi ngo-2018 - ukuhlinzeka US imikhumbi asolwandle we PLA 30 alolu hlobo. Amathuba leli cebo kuphezulu kakhulu.

imikhumbi asizayo

Okwamanje emelelwa izitsha 10 no-32 kaka isevisi mobile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, elintantayo base ngwenya kufakwe isigaba izitsha ezikhethekile futhi base elintantayo SSBN iphathelene missile namabutho yenuzi MB. Manje ngoxhaxha futhi siqukethe amayunithi 5 ezokuthutha nezinhlamvu (uhlobo olusha "Lewis Clark") nezimpahla ezidingekayo. Inombolo ephelele US Navy (ie imikhumbi) iye kwesikhathi esishiwo ngenhla.