String theory

String theory kuyinto enzima kakhulu ngisho ngempela eziyinqaba. Ingabe ethandwa? Yebo, ethandwa. Emibuthanweni yesayensi, khulumisana ngokwanele. Kukholakala ukuthi uyosinika izimpendulo mayelana nokwakheka kwendawo yonke.

string theory

Itholakala njengoba izinguqulo. Kungenzeka ukuthi phakathi kwabo kukhona theory jikelele, ukuthi nguye kuzosiza baqonde okushiwo zonke. Ngokumangalisayo, zonke izisekelo afihle a zibalo ambalwa. Muva nje, string theory Wajoyina nomqondo supersymmetry. Umphumela waba inkolelo-mbono yokuziphendukela superstrings. It bakwazile ukuhlanganisa eziningi ulwazi mayelana izakhiwo izakhi eziyisisekelo endabeni ka empeleni bakha umkhathi wethu.

At inhliziyo kakhulu inkolelo-mbono yokuziphendukela supersymmetry umqondo, ngokuyisisekelo okuyinto ukuthi kukhona yenethiwekhi izinhlayiya kanye nezinhlayiya ekuhlanganyeleni. Lesi sakamuva Uyi kancane isitini wendawo yonke, futhi izinhlayiya yenethiwekhi abe uhlobo usimende.

Ngo imodeli esezingeni amabhlogo wokwakha - kuba quark nama abathwali kukhona gauge bosons. Quarks umklomelo nomunye bosons geji.

String ithiyori imfundiso yokuziphendukela supersymmetry okunzima ukuyiqonda, kodwa isithombe yonke, lapho ukudweba, ukubona ngeso lengqondo ukuthi akunzima kangako. Usayizi ezincane bangase bazibone ekuguquleni ndaba ibe uchungechunge emkhakheni amagagasi nokuma. Lezi amagagasi zifana kakhulu nalezo yavusa e izintambo iyiphi zomculo. Izintambo ndaba, ezifana isiginci, kungaba ujabule ithoni eziyisisekelo hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi ezihlukahlukene Harmonics, noma osetshenziselwa. siqu isimo amandla ngamunye harmonic. Ingqikithi isimiso wokuhlobana kwezinto wukuthi mass namandla kukhona okulingana. Kule kusobala ukuthi ayanda nobuningi we harmonic wave vibration string, aba maningi nangaphezulu kuyoba amandla futhi mass izinhlayiya uyalandelwa.

Akunzima kangaka ukucabanga igagasi emi Nokho, e yezinhlamvu isiginci, labo amagagasi emi, alinikela umbono string, ukudweba singagcini nje ngokumlingisa ngesikushoyo ukhexile. Iphuzu liwukuthi oscillations zenzeka esikhaleni ukuthi uma has izilinganiso nanye. Kithi, yebo, it is a isikhala ajwayelekile lapho ingqikithi izilinganiso ezine. Esikhaleni komlandu amayunithi wezinhlamvu zihluke kakhulu. Physics akakwazi ngempela ukubhekana izilinganiso extra, ezingalotshwanga yabonakala amandla ezivamile.

String theory nalo lithole ukuthuthukiswa kanye ne-multi-ntathu ulwelwesi theory. Kuyini ulwelwesi multi-ntathu? Ngomqondo onabile, kusukela izintambo, bayehluka ngalolo banayo umumo flat. Physics ihlaya ulwelwesi kanye amayunithi wezinhlamvu - kunjani vermicelli futhi noodle.

Lonke ulwazi ebhalwe ngenhla ngokusekelwe eBhayibhelini, ngokuvamile imbangela ezihlukahlukene izingxabano. Ngomqondo onabile, inkulumo theory physics - kungcono njalo into eyinkimbinkimbi Ezingalapheki incazelo elula, lokuhweba. Izingxabano njalo kuvame.

Yebo, imibono eziningi zithi kube jikelele, okungukuthi, eyayiyoholela ukuvula izimfihlakalo yonke futhi wakwenza kwacaca ngokuyisisekelo zonke izinhlangano force ekuhlanganyeleni.

Ngokuvamile, kuyafaneleka ukuthi nebezgreshna string theory. Namanje ayinayo esiqinile zezibalo uhlobo. Isizathu salokhu itholakala lokuthi ukuthi amalungiselelo zezibalo omane athuthukile ngokwanele ukuze bakwazi ukufeza yalokho efanayo. String theory kade iminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amabili, kodwa izazi zesayensi abasuke bengakakwazi ukusebenzisa ukuhlanganisa ekuqaleni eyindida. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuhle ukucabangela ukuthi kwakungasebenzeki abamenyiwe elabhorethri experiment olulodwa ezingase uqinisekise ubuqiniso bayo. Yiqiniso, yonke ulwazi mayelana kusenzima kuphela theory. Yiziphi izibikezelo? Ziyakwazi mningi - ngokwanele bobabili emihle nemibi.