Potr Nikolaevich Krasnov: Biography nemisebenzi

Petr Nikolaevich Krasnov - ezingavamile futhi kunalokho, kuyafaneleka le interweaving ngempumelelo isiyalo ngendlela elukhuni uhlamvu, ukuveza ongaphumelela kwi-career elikhanyayo wezempi, futhi nemvelo lokusungula, okungenza ezamsiza ukuba abe umbhali yenethiwekhi ezaziwayo. Ukuzinikela ezindabeni zezempi njengoba wayekwazi, bamyisa ekudingisweni, lapho ithalente lakhe etemibhalo yanda.

Indaba belinganisa

Umlando iDemo Petra Krasnova ungaboniswa amagama ambalwa - kwamadoda asebukhosini, lo anamandla ezempi kanye isibindi, nakanjani "ukunyakaza White" futhi ukuthuthela kwelinye izwe, ukuhlolwa yokuphambuka amaNazi futhi ukufa. Kodwa phakathi kwalezi mlando onegazi kwekhulu lama-20, ababethwala ukuphila kwabantu izinhlangothi ezahlukene ngothango, okuyinto reshapes wonke uthi nezinhlanga, ngasinye wabahlanganyeli wabe ukuphila siqu. Futhi kuyo yonke impilo zenzeka ekhulwini lamashumi amabili is ezidingeka kumuntu ukuba benze isinqumo. Petr Nikolaevich Krasnov, ukwenza lokho kukhetha kanye, wahlala ethembekile kuze kube sekupheleni.

isihlahla Umkhaya

Wohlanga olukhulu uPyotr Krasnov, ogama Umlando womuntu ophilako egcwele izenzakalo elikhanyayo, yazalwa ngo-Petersburg ngo-1869, he is a lezinceku Don Cossack futhi kwakungekaNkulunkulu umndeni Cossack Vyoshenskaya emzaneni edume kakhulu, okuyinto etholakala engxenyeni esenyakatho Rostov esifundeni. Ngaphezu amathalenta lezinceku ngoba sokuprakthiza lempi, umndeni wabonakaliswa neziphiwo etemibhalo. Esidala Petersburg Krasnovs ungqongqoshe lokuqala ngepeni baba umkhulu uPyotr Nikolayevich - Ivan Ivanovich. Walwa eCaucasus futhi umyalo Cossack amayunithi we-Imperial Guard. Krasnov Umkhulu ngabhala nenkondlo, kanye nemisebenzi zomlando ethnographic, isibonelo, "Grassroots futhi Cossacks ugibele," "Little baseRussia phezu Don", "Don Cossacks eCaucasus" nabanye.

Ubaba UNikolai ukhushuliwe uLieutenant General e amabutho Cossack. Ayikho ngaphansi futhu babe kwesizukulwane sesithathu. Bobabili babebuye uPetru Nikolaevich wenza umlando. Andrei kwaba abadumile usosayensi sezinto eziphilayo-sezitshalo kanye isihambi. Platon Nikolaevich wasebenza ngokubhala wayesemathuneni nokuzwelana engaqondile Alexander Blok - eseshadile kuya anti imbongi edumile Catherine Beketova-Krasnova, futhi engumlobi.

kweminyaka eminingi yocwaningo

Lapho ngineminyaka engu-11, yena waba ekhonjwe Okokuqala Petersburg Isikolo samabanga aphezulu. Ngatadisha kuze kufinyelele ebangeni lesihlanu, waya ukuyoqeqeshelwa ukulwa ngo-Alexander ubusosha Corps. Isigaba sokuqala imfundo wezempi igcwaliswe olingana amaphini nosayitsheni, iminyaka engu-19, uye ngempumelelo esikoleni kuqala lempi Pavlovsk. imiphumela izuzwe babe brilliant ukuze igama lakhe kwathiwa afakwe izinhlamvu zegolide kwi setshe zemabula.

Kuyaziwa ukuthi wangenisa Academy e-General Assembly Abasebenzi, kodwa ngenxa intuthuko abampofu iye eqinisekisiwe ngokusebenzisa emnyaka wesikolo. Nokho njengoba eseneminyaka engu-39, wathola iziqu mabutho izikhulu esikoleni.

Ukuqala umsebenzi lakhe lempi

inkonzo yezempi Petr Nikolaevich Krasnov waqala engamashumi amabili e elisezingeni Cornet lapho ngabelwa Ataman ibutho indlalifa Tsarevich. Ngemva konyaka, yena waba ngasebenza kwabosizo lokuqala ibutho. Ngo-1897, e-Abyssinia (manje Ethiopia) zibheke umsebenzi Russian zamanxusa, lolu hide okwakubekelwa eliholwa Krasnov Petr Nikolaevich, ogama Umlando womuntu ophilako kusukela kulesi sikhathi egcwele izindawo ezihlukahlukene exotic iplanethi kanye twist Amazing ukudalelwa.

Ngemva konyaka, wenza ushintsho nzima umnyuzi edolobheni enyakatho-mpumalanga Afrika ukuletha iphepha, ke okungenani ngendlela eziyinkimbinkimbi ukuze Petersburg. Lokhu isikhulu mashi courted udumo eside futhi waletha izindondo eziningi: i the Order of besigaba sesibili Stanislaus, isikhulu ukuwela inkanyezi Ethiopia degree lwesithathu futhi Order of iButho Ukuhlonishwa France.

Imizamo yokuqala at lokubhala

Imisebenzi yakhe yokuqala Petr Nikolaevich Krasnov baqala ukunyathelisa eneminyaka engu-iminyaka engu-22. eqanjiwe wakhe nezimpahla on theory lempi yaqala ukubonakala njalo emaphephandabeni nakomagazini. Ikakhulukazi, phakathi yakhe ngaphambi kwemisebenzi yamandulo bungabonakala izincwadi ezifana "Leli chibi", "Ataman Platov" nabanye. Nikela ukuphila kwakhe endleleni yezempi ngokuphelele, yena nemisebenzi yakhe njalo ephakanyiswe wezempi indaba ephathwayo, wakhuluma Don Cossacks izici zokuphila. Futhi-ke, okuningi adunyiswa.

zobuqhawe bakhe ngesikhathi uhambo Afrika futhi wathola art asesimweni senkondlo. Ngemva kokubuya kwakhe, masinyane wabhala izincwadi ezimbili: "Lo Cossacks e-Afrika:. Diary of uMphathi Russian imperial kulandelana mission Abyssinia ngo-1897 - 1898gg" ". Uthando Abyssinian nezinye izindaba" Futhi

Ukubuyela e-Afrika, washada uLidiya Fedorovna GruÈneisen Russianised indodakazi State iKhansela.

Izikhungo eRussia zangaphambi wamavukelambuso

Ngaphezu iqhaza ngqo ezingxabanweni, Krasnov Petr Nikolaevich, Biography iDemo okuyinto ebekwe lapha, ngokuphindiwe usebenze njengomahluleli umlobeli othile impi. Kulo msebenzi, wahlanganyela the Boxer Rebellion eChina, kangcono eyaziwa ngokuthi i-Boxer Rebellion, ezenzeka kusukela ngo 1898 kuya eminyakeni 1901. Khona-ke wathunyelwa Manchuria, China, India kanye Japan ukutadisha izici zokuphila kwabo.

Wabuye bodokotela izenzakalo Russian-Japanese ngxabano 1904 - 1905gg. Njengoba lempi iye yaklonyeliswa izimpawu eziningana umehluko: Order of St Anna degree lesine futhi St uVladimir degree lesine. UMbusi uNicholas II Okufakiwe wathola irekhodi ngoJanuwari 3, 1905, lapho umongameli isimo wachaza indlela yena eziningi ezimnandi mayelana nempi. Wayesebenza kahle omagazini "invalids impi", "ayohlola" nabanye.

Ngemva kwempi, waqala ukukhula ngokushesha ngempela enkonzweni. Ngo-1906 wakhushulelwa induna zamakhulu Ataman Regiment, ngemva konyaka - uCaptain, kamuva - lixuku usayitsheni. Ngo-1910 wathola isikhundla sombutho. Ngemva konyaka wamiswa yala laseSiberia kuqala, bese Don Cossack Regiment.

Ngo parallel, it is asathuthuka ngempela ngenkuthalo, futhi umsebenzi wakhe wobuciko. Ngakho, eMpini Japanese, wanyathelisa inoveli zomlando "Unyaka neMpi. izinyanga ezingu-14 ngesikhathi sempi: Tindzaba kwi War "Russian-Japanese nezinye imisebenzi nesitayela esifanako izincwadi yokushisekela izwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, wabhala nezinto kwezobuciko. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi bukhicite imisebenzi engaphezu kuka-600 ezahlukene njengoba isikhulumi, futhi wobuciko kanye zomlando phambi Okthoba Revolution.

IMpi Yezwe Yokuqala futhi Revolution

Ngesikhathi kuqala impi, njengesazi induna ibutho wathunyelwa ngo-August 1914 e yaseMpumalanga Prussia. Futhi ngemva kwezinyanga ezintathu wakhushulelwa esikhundleni esiphezulu jikelele ezinkulu abamphathisa Lokuqala Brigade we Don Cossack ke zaseCaucasia Native Cavalry Division. Ngesikhathi esifanayo yena yanikezelwa izingalo St George sika. Ngo-May 1915, yena yanikezelwa Order of St George ngezinga Eyesine yimpumelelo ukulwa imisebenzi endaweni ye Dniester River, lapho bakwazi ukulahla Austrians emuva ngaphesheya komfula. Ngo-1916 walinyazwa sina.

Ukuchitha sonke isikhathi kuze lokuqala Februwari 1917, kwi izimpi kwempi, lo Cossack induna, Jikelele Krasnov Petr Nikolaevich bazamukela Icebo lika lokuqala ngokubikezela izinto ezididayo nezingathembekile omubi ukuhlola izenzo Yesikhashana kaHulumeni. Kwezombangazwe, wasuka ukuba akwenze. Nokho, he was fike of labo abambalwa asekelwe Aleksandr Kerensky emva kwamaBolshevik revolution. Uma ezandleni amaBolshevik, wabalekela Don, lapho ehola ukumelana ngokumelene Cossacks. Njengoba isikhulu Grand Don Army, yenza isivumelwano ne Emperor of Germany uWilhelm II. Kodwa kweJalimane kumbangela ukulahla umbono ka Don-Caucasus Union. Wavuma ukuhamba ukuze kwakuwukuthi ephelele Anton Denikin, ukuze uxhumane Ukuzinikela kwakhe Army. Ngo-1919 Denikin, Krasnov elaphoqwa ukuba lisule emsebenzini ngenxa umehluko ngemibono kanye nezombusazwe.

Eqaphela ukuthi akabange esabhekwa ubambe lutho eRussia, e-Russia kwesokunxele futhi wayeka e-Estonia ngo-North-Western Army General UNikolai Yudenich. Waba ikhanda yempi, "iNeva onqenqemeni" iphephandaba. umhleli walo kwaba abadumile umbhali Russian Alexander Kuprin.

ukuthuthela kwelinye izwe

Ngo-1920 yena bethuthele eJalimane, eminyakeni emithathu kamuva wathuthela eFrance. Ngaleyo minyaka, nje zisashisa igagasi lokuqala ukuthuthela kwelinye izwe. Emibuthanweni ezihlukahlukene inani elikhulu abaphathi baphesheya sasenza igama "White Russia", Krasnov Petr Nikolaevich waqala imisebenzi zezombangazwe nezenhlalo asebenzayo. Uye wabambisana izinhlangano ahambisana ukuthuthela kwelinye izwe isiRashiya, kuhlanganise Russian Zonke-Military Union. Ngaphezu kwalokho, yena waba ilungu Ephakeme Council kobukhosi. Yena, ikakhulukazi, wayeba njengompristi omunye wabasunguli be-"Brotherhood of Russian Iqiniso". Lokhu ukuhamba wahola lokuvukela asebenzayo in Soviet Russia. Nokho, kamuva kwaba sobala ukuthi isakhiwo ekuqaleni kulawulwa State Political Directorate (i-GPU) we NKVD.

Omunye wabaholi iWhite ukunyakaza sasibhekwa njengophawu lokuthi Krasnov Petr Nikolaevich, izincwadi lakhe ibingamashumi zithandwa futhi eyanyatheliswa ngesiNgisi, izilimi isiFulentshi, isiJalimane, isiRashiya nezinye European. Iminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amabili lokuphila ekudingisweni, yona iye yanyathelisa izincwadi ezingaba ngu-40. ungabahlukanisa phakathi kwabo ikakhulukazi, inoveli fantasy mayelana Russian kwamaBolshevik esizayo "Ngokuhamba isihlahla somkhaya." Ngaphezu kwalokho, wakhipha umqulu inoveli, i okukhuluma izingxenye ezine olunesihloko esithi "Ukusuka lungadukelwa umaka obomvu."

IMpi Yezwe II

Revenge Ataman uPyotr Krasnov isinqumo ngesikhathi seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili futhi wabambisana amaNazi. Ngo-1943 wavalelwa umyalo Main uMnyango Cossack Amandla eJalimane. Ngemva kwempi, icela umaluju British, kodwa benza ovelele Soviet kobuholi ezempi. INkantolo Ephakeme of the Russia Soviet enikwa isigwebo sokufa ngokulengiswa. Wayeneminyaka engu-77 ubudala.