Kokuhlukana Combinative nalokho okukushoyo yokuziphendukela kwemvelo

kokuhlukana Combinative kuyimbangela eyinhloko kwehlukahlukana intraspecific sazo zonke izinto eziphilayo. Kodwa lolu hlobo nokushintshwa kwezakhi kuholela ekwakhekeni inhlanganisela ezintsha zezici samanje kakade. Futhi ungalokothi kokuhlukana combinative netindlela yayo musa abangele ukubukeka isakhi inhlanganisela bahluke. Ukuvela izakhiwo ezintsha ngokuphelele ngenxa ezahlukene isakhi sofuzo ezihlukile, kungenzeka kuphela uma ushintsho intraspecific mutational.

kokuhlukana Combinative kunqunywa uhlobo inqubo zokuzala. Ukuze lolu hlobo nokushintshwa kwezakhi ukubukeka nobuntu genotypes entsha ngesisekelo eyayisanda kumiswa isakhi sofuzo inhlanganisela. kokuhlukana Combinative kuzibonakalisa esezisezingeni ka kumiswa gametes (germ cells). Ngaphezu kwalokho, engqamuzaneni ngalinye ezifana imelelwa eyodwa kuphela-chromosome homologous kusukela pair ngamunye. Libhekene yokuthi chromosome awela lwegciwane cell nemiyalezo, lapho gametes e umzimba owodwa kungahluka kakhulu esanele isakhi sofuzo isethi. Akubonakali ukuba noma yiziphi izinguquko kule imvelo amakhemikhali yenethiwekhi okuqondile kwemininingwane sitholwa njengefa.

Ngakho, kokuhlukana combinative kungenxa ezihlukahlukene recombination zezakhi zofuzo sezivele zikhona isethi chromosome. Lolu hlobo nokushintshwa kwezakhi nayo conjugate nezinguquko chromosome futhi isakhi izakhiwo. Imithombo combinative kokuhlukana kungenzeka kuphela izinqubo ezenzeka ngesikhathi ekunciphiseni division cell (meiosis) kanye kokukhulelwa.

Elementary (kulokukhulu) iyunithi recombinations ezahlukene impahla ngofuzo, okubangela kumiswa inhlanganisela ezintsha isakhi sofuzo, ngokuthi recon. recon ngalinye oluhambisana nucleotide ezimbili (ngeziningi zezinto zokwakha we nucleic acid) e kabili balahleke DNA molecule futhi nucleotide olulodwa, uma kuziwa isakhiwo owodwa balahleke nucleic acid amagciwane. Recon akuyona sihlukaniswe uma kokuwelela (inqubo exchange phakathi abhanqiwe Ama-chromosomes e homologous ngesikhathi lokuhlanganisa) futhi kuzo zonke izimo ngocansi ngokugcwele.

kokuhlukana Combinative e amaseli eukaryotic ngezindlela ezintathu:

1. recombination zofuzo inqubo Ukunqamula-phezu, lapho-chromosome kuthiwa kwakhiwa kokuba inhlanganisela entsha alleles.
2. Independent ukuhlakazwa okungahleliwe wama-chromosomes ngesikhathi anaphase we meiotic division sokuqala, lapho bonke gamete ukuthola izici zawo siqu zofuzo.
3. Okuvamile Izigigaba germ cells phakathi kokukhulelwa.

Ngakho, esebenzisa lezi zinhlelo ezintathu combinative kokuhlukana isitokisi ngasinye zygote ezakhiwe Fusion gametes, izuza iqoqo eliyingqayizivele ngokuphelele kolwazi zofuzo. Lokho ukuhlela kabusha enjalo lezinceku uchaza ukwehluka omkhulu phakathi kwezinhlobo. recombination bofuzo kubaluleke kakhulu ukuvela yinoma uluphi uhlobo, njengoba wadala ngokusebenzisa ezihlukahlukene ezingenakubalwa of genotypes. Lokhu kukunika iyiphi heterogeneity sabantu. Ukubukeka eziphilayo, wanika izici zayo siqu ngabanye, inquma kahle eliphezulu kwemvelo, samenza waba nethuba ukushiya kuphela inhlanganisela yimpumelelo kakhulu zezici sitholwa njengefa. Ngenxa ukuqala ezintsha ukuze inqubo zokuzala, ukwakheka zofuzo ngokuqhubekayo ngcono.