Pointillism Umdwebo: umlando, incazelo indlela. Laba bameleli be-edume kunazo pointillism

Ngekhulu le-19 nelesi-20 leminyaka yayinezinto iziqondiso ezintsha zobuciko. Abaculi bazama eziningi, ngifuna amafomu amasha yokukhuluma kanye amathuba. Ngenxa yalokho kwalolu sesho weza pointillism in umdwebo. Sitshele ukuthi kuyinto ngokucacile yayo, owasungula futhi ubani ikakhulukazi owayevelele kule isitayela.

okusho

Igama elithi "Pointillism" isitayela lisuselwa elithi French "iphuzu". Kusukela leli zwi elifanayo kukhona, isibonelo, igama ballet nezicathulo - izicathulo ballet. Igama lihlotshaniswa izici yobuciko ingcaca. Pointillism Umdwebo ngaleyo ndlela kungenziwa oqokiwe njengelungu "iphuzu" nesitayela.

Umlando pointillism

Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, abadwebi French babe ucwaningo asebenzayo emkhakheni theory, i-physics kanye psychology umbala. Babefuna ukuthola ithuluzi ayezosenza ngokugcwele umlobi ukuze adlulisele izinhloso zakhe futhi umyalezo ngokomzwelo umbukeli. ithiyori Chemical umbala Eugene Chevreul lixhomeke ethonyeni mutual imibala ehlukene ku nomunye futhi inkolelo-mbono zabo ezingokomzimba Ogden Ore ukuxuba imibala emenza nakho ezintsha futhi bafuna. Futhi ngalesi sikhathi kuba impikiswano enkulu mayelana Psychology umbala, kufanekisa kanye nethonya layo phezu isimo psycho-ngokomzwelo umuntu. Konke lokhu izifundo zesayensi ziye zaholela yokuthi abaculi sebeqala ukuba enze izinto ngendlela entsha ukuze inqubo imidwebo. Ngalesi sikhathi, i-Impressionists ayevela amathuba asebenzayo lokucwaninga ukudluliselwa ukukhanya nombala kanye emanzini amaningi. Babefuna ukuba adlulisele okwesikhashana, umuzwa emnandi ukunyakazisa zemvelo. amasu Classical akazange abanike leli thuba. Ngenxa yalokho zocwaningo kanye nokucwaninga e-1885 ibonakala pointillism in umdwebo. Uyini engavamile lesi sitayela?

Indlela futhi inqubo pointillism in umdwebo

Kakade igama isitayela uqobo ukhuluma mayelana izici of ngendlela yekubhala. Umdwebi ubhala imivimbo Isikwele esincane. Ukunyakaza kwabantu noma izithunzi ibhulashi lakhe sifana flutter omncane butterfly, okuyinto kuphela isikhashana bese kuza ngendwangu futhi dephula kuye. Kodwa okushiwo indlela akuyona nje isicelo esikhethekile ungqimba upende phezu iwebhu. Kuyaqhubeka ukuthungathwa umthelela ethize amathuba umbukeli eyaqanjwa pointillism in umdwebo. Udweba kanjani ukuthi singakwazi ukudlulisela ubuhle bemvelo futhi izikhathi umuzwa esikhathini ukuthi umdwebi ababhekana nakho? Yilowo mbuzo main ukuthi wazibuza abadwebi ngasekupheleni 19 futhi ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20. abaculi French ngaphansi kwethonya okuye kwatholwa isayensi imfundiso yokuziphendukela ukukhanya nombala, kanye kokutholakala izithombe, eyayibhalwe sikhathi, waqala ukusebenzisa ukusebenzisa upende ukuze ngendwangu. Futhi pointillism wayengomunye walabo okuhlukile ubuchwepheshe obusha. Paint kule isitayela kungukuthi elixutshwe ku palette, ngoba kwakuyinto evamile in umdwebo we-classic, futhi eziphoqelelwe owaqalwa imivimbo ezincane. Futhi kukhona njalo Bahlala Ngokuphambene, ngokuvumelana umbala Palette ezahlukene, ithoni. Red esikhulu eduze oluhlaza, ophuzi - nge blue, njll Lokhu kwenza iso ukuze abone umuzwa esiphilayo umoya nokukhanya ... Lapho bezibona yokudweba ehlweni lomuntu uqobo ukhiqiza inhlanganisela imibala, ukuthola umsebenzi multi-umbala. pointillism amasu luyindida kakhulu futhi kukhathaza. Kwenzeka okufanayo nasesikhathini yomhlobiso wawo kanye yinkimbinkimbi wamatshana. Kodwa abaculi kungukuthi Vele volume of umsebenzi onjalo, njengoba kuvumela ukuxazulula umsebenzi wobuciko.

abasunguli

Ngo-1885, uhlobo olusha Umdwebo - pointillism, ukuzalwa kwakhe lihlotshaniswa ngokuyinhloko igama lomculi French Georges Seurat. Kumelwe ukuba wadumala ngendlela zasendulo umdwebo bese wazama ukuthola isitayela sakhe. Ngenxa yalesi, ngenkuthalo wafunda imisebenzi yesayensi embaleni theory. It futhi wathonywa kakhulu nangabanye umsebenzi sekushiwo-physics kanye ne-chemistry, kanye nocwaningo on imibala kaCharles Blanc. Sulphur wenqaba indlela impressionistic ukuze yokudweba zisuselwa ukuzwa osheshayo. Wayekholelwa ukuthi umculi kufanele lusuke zatholakala ngokwesayensi. UMdali, ngokombono wakhe, akufanele bathembele ugqozi noma umuzwa okwesikhashana, kodwa kufanele isinyathelo ngasinye ibalwa ngokucophelela kusukela ulwazi psychophysiological nokungokwenyama. Izinto azithola emkhakheni umbala isayensi, kuqala washayelwa e umculi hromolyuminarizma theory, futhi kamuva walungisiswa entsha yokusondela - divisionism noma pointillism. Eminyakeni 1884-86 ebhala useyili omkhulu, kamuva elaba edumile kakhulu - "ngeSonto Ntambama ku Isiqhingi Grand rat". Ubukhulu bayo - amamitha amabili kuya kwamathathu, lwenzelwe bezibona ibanga. Umsebenzi ube zakudala pointillism. Ngeshwa Sulphur engakakhuli isikhathi ukuthuthukisa ngokugcwele umbono wakhe nililethe ukusebenza, wafa esemncane, futhi siye ohlangothini esizayo ehlangene egameni ongumfundi wakhe, owabe Impressionist uPawulu Signac.

abaculi Pointillist

It Signac waletha theory kuya ngokuphelele futhi watshela izwe ukuthi umdwebo pointillism. Isithombe, yakhiwe yemisebenzi yakhe avele omagazini futhi ngifaka, ngenxa yokuthi babengavumelani, zokuhlobisa kakhulu futhi engavamile. Signac hhayi kuphela wabhala e emidwebweni yakhe pointillism kuholele ekupheleleni, kodwa futhi wadala umsebenzi theory sina "Kusukela Ezhena Delakrua ukuba Neo-Impressionism", okuyinto eyaba uhlobo emabhukwinitifundvo for kulendawo abaculi. Umdwebi ngokuyinhloko wahlanganyela ekubhaleni ebukeka nobuchwepheshe ichashaza kuyivumela sifinyelele emangalisayo emkhathini futhi airiness. Signac futhi bazama kule sheduli futhi Umdwebo omnyama nomhlophe. Impumelelo nomphumela engavamile imisebenzi e pointillism isitayela yabakhanga nezinye abadwebi ezivelele zomphakathi. I-Dot ochwepheshe ukusebenza ekupheleni ukuphila Camille Pissarro, wazama isandla sakhe kule nqubo, V. Van Gogh. Famous steel pointillist Angran S., M. Luce, T. van Reysselberge A. Lodge, AE Cross. Lesi sitayela akalilahlile ngokuhlathulula ukusebenza kwawo kuze kube yilolu suku. Kodwa pointillism enjalo mass njengoba ekuqa- nekhulu le-19 nelesi-20 leminyaka babengasekho. Isenzakalo esidume kunazo zonke pointillist yesimanje kubhekwe Benjamin Laading noMiguel Endara.

Isebenza isitayela Pointillism

pointillism Classic in umdwebo emelelwa imisebenzi Georges Seurat, "Circus," "Kuhamba Olwandle", "ababhukudi at Asnieres" noPawulu Signac: "Itheku at eMarseilles," "Breakfast", "Venice, efwini pink." Kanye zokuhlola usebenza Van goga "Umhlwanyeli kanye kwelanga" Henri Matisse "upholi Tulips," Camille Pissarro imidwebo "Hampton", "Haymaking at Eragny," "Izingane egcekeni ifa." Namuhla, umsebenzi kule nqubo - yobuciko ezingelwa iminyuziyamu kanye abaqoqi. Phela, lezi imidwebo kancane, zinjalo siyindlala kweqiniso.