Personal Ukuvikelwa zokuphefumula

Indoda kudingeka ukuvikela umzimba. Lokhu kungenxa izici eziningi: endaweni yomsebenzi, lapho sibeka isibopho ukusebenzisa imishini zokuzivikela siqu, lizinga lelisetulu ukungcoliswa kwemvelo kanye, ngenxa yalokho, nesidingo sokuvikela, kanye nezimo eziphuthumayo (umlilo, ingozi) noma, ekugcineni isimo impi. Injongo ukusetshenziswa zindlela wukuthi izinto eziyingozi, ama-bacterium, isisi esinobuthi abakwazi ukulimaza abantu ngaphandle noma ngaphakathi. Indlela ukuvikela umgudu wokuphefumula, okuyinto izimfanelo ezidingekayo kule futhi uzisebenzise kanjani - material namuhla yethu.

ulwazi olujwayelekile
Personal Ukuvikelwa zokuphefumula kukhona ezintathu izinhlobo: ukuze azivikele uthuli (PTM buso, ibhandishi gauze futhi uhala), ezingeni ehlukene kanye indlela respirators ukuvikela kanye negesi buso, okwathi yena, zihlukaniswe ngezigaba ezimbili: ukwahlukanisa kanye zokuhlunga. Eyokuqala osebenza ezimweni eziphuthumayo lapho umoya-mpilo futhi ezingcoliswe izinto eziyingozi (ngokuvamile kusebenza lwalusetshenziswa ngezikhathi zempi). Lezi zihlanganisa ama-apharathasi peristaltic futhi siqu Ukuvikelwa zokuphefumula, lapho umoya opholile ethathwa esitsheni akhethekile yomoya-mpilo engasetshenziswa noma emoyeni onomfutho. Uhlobo lwesibili (imikhiqizo ukuhlunga) zihlanganisa izindlela letisebenta at esingaphansi kwezimo ezifanele futhi onobungozi (ngaphezu kuka-17% oksijini). Okulandelayo uzobe kuchazwe ngokuningiliziwe ku amakhambi kungase kube usizo ekuphileni kwansuku zonke - igesi buso kanye respirators.

isihlungi buso
Kanjani idivayisi: ibhokisi ukuvikelwa (esemgwaqweni ngaphansi kwesilevu) emoyeni ingcoliswe is bahlanza, bese ihlinzekwa ebusweni. izinto ezilimazayo zinyamalale by adsorption, catalysis futhi chemisorption.
Ukusetshenziswa: ukubeka esilevwini kuya okhakhayini, wadonsa ngokucijile. Ngemva donning kufanele kube bikho okungajwayelekile. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi udinga ngaphambi ngokubeka zigodliwe emoyeni ukukhanya. Qhuba ukuphefumula ngemva kokubili ukugqoka buso. Izici yokusetshenziswa: Awukwazi ukusebenzisa ukuvikela abantu kwalimala noma ogulayo sina ne izitsha ikhanda, ecindezelwa engazinzile, meningitis. Nokho, ezifana ukuvikelwa siqu zokuphefumula njengoba kuqhathaniswa ukwahlukanisa ephelele ukuqeqeshwa okwengeziwe, ukuqeqeshwa. Kufanele kuqashelwe, nokho, ukuthi ebusika obubanda kufanele iphathwe ngaphansi entanyeni isifonyo kusukela chapping.

Respirators: Izinhlobo

Ziyakwazi kahle kulula ukuyisebenzisa, ngokungafani imaskhi. Ngosizo lwabo, kuye ngokuthi ezingeni ngomshini ongavikela kokubili uthuli emgwaqweni nothuli ezimbonini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, asetshenziselwa empini, kwezokwelapha, njll Izindlela ezinjalo yokuvikela zokuphefumula esigqokwa ebusweni, ezindlebeni enamathiselwe. Respirators zihlukaniswe izinhlobo ezintathu: anti-uthuli, anti-igesi, kanye buso nge amakhono angumfelandawonye ezimbili zokuqala. Indaba umncane kodwa eliqinile le ngokumelene uthuli respirators esetshenziswa yisivikelo aerosols. Lesi sakamuva isetshenziswa izimo umoya-mpilo compounds phosphorus kanye chlorine. Okunjalo Ukuvikelwa siqu zokuphefumula lisetshenzisiwe nangokuqondene emoyeni ebukhoneni acetone, uphethiloli kanye nezinye organic compounds.