Neurosis Schizophrenia: Izimpawu kanye ngokungafani neurosis

Ukungasebenzi kahle kwengqondo - isimo okungenamsoco womsebenzi kwengqondo - into ezenzeka eminyakeni yamuva kaningi. Ngokufanayo, izifo ngenxa ukuntengantenga ngokomzwelo, ikakhulukazi intsha wadalula: zonke ezincane wesine e-Europe has a ukuphambuka. Phakathi abadala, kancane izibalo esiduduzayo ngaphezulu: ngokuvumelana UBANI, 15% labantu ezihlukahlukene Izwe Elidala elokugula ngengqondo uxilongwe.

ezivame ukubangela ngeziphambeko zempilo yengqondo ziphakathi uthuthumele eqinile noma ukucindezeleka njalo ku isizinda ukukhathala okungamahlalakhona nezinye izifo ezihlobene. Uma sicabanga bayasangana nje, ukuthuthukiswa isifo usukela bha: ngo-33% of amacala lesi sifo livela usakhula. Ngesikhathi izimpawu zokuqala esingathí sina ukugula kwengqondo, njengoba umthetho, musa ukunaka, izama ukukuholela ekuphileni okuvamile. bayasangana Ngakho neurozopodobne engxenyeni amacala eholela ekuzibulaleni.

Okulandelayo, kuyoba nje ngalesi sifo. izimpawu kuzoxoxwa, ukusangana zihluke neurosis, izimbangela zezifo, izindlela zokwelashwa kanye Izibikezelo.

Kuyini lokusangana, neurosis?

Njengoba kushiwo, lesi sifo kuvamile impela futhi ngokuvamile kwenzeka ezifihliwe. Neurosis bayasangana (zenyathi indolent) - uhlobo schizotypal disorder psyche. Izifo ngenxa remissions ophikelelayo, kuyinto inani elihle kunawo phakathi izinhlobo eziningi sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo. In the ukungabikho lobo iziguli ezolile ngokuvamile unezinye ukukhubazeka kwengqondo ukushintsha komuntu, ngisho elashwe ezifanele.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu zenyathi ezinwabuzelayo bayasangana uguqulwe omunye, zokugula okuningi kakhulu, ezimweni ezingajwayelekile kakhulu. Symptomatology kuyafana iziyaluyalu Neurotic, kodwa ukuthuthukiswa in iziguli nezinye izinhlobo uhlanyiswa futhi bayasangana akufanele kumakwe sifo kubonakala.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo ukuqashelwa neurosis bayasangana lihlotshaniswa nobunzima ezithile. Izenzo sifo zivame kudidaniswe neurosis, umhayizo noma psychasthenia futhi izimpawu akuzona njalo kungacacile futhi eqaphela njalo. Ukuthethelelwa ngenkathi ukuphazamiseka schizotypal amelana kakhulu futhi isikhathi eside. Qhubeka lobo kungaba izinyanga ezimbalwa noma iminyaka. ukuxilonga inkinga, ngokuvamile, likhona, ngakho into esemqoka - ukuze lesi sifo ngendlela efanele, ukuhlinzeka ukwelashwa esifike ngesikhathi.

Ingqikithi yalo isifo simiswe ngalendlela lelandzelako: isiguli njalo ukhathazekile ngamaphutha ngomzimba wakhe siqu, izakhiwo kwakhiwa kusukela lapho umuntu eshintsha kakhulu. Iziguli ngenkani niqhubeke ukungapheleli kwethu, futhi babe fixated ngalolu daba. Futhi, ngempela ngokuvamile lapho futhi hallucinogenic emizweni - umuntu ecabanga ukuthi ikhanda lakhe babe amavoti.

Ngokuvamile, njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, lesi sifo kubonakala entsheni, ukungazinzi ngokwezomnotho ngokomzwelo owabangelwa abafundi esikoleni esiphakeme. Lapho isikhulile bayasangana evilaphayo, Neurosis ngokulinganayo kuthinta kokubili ubulili namandla, futhi abesifazane. Ukuziphatha kulokhu sehluka kakhulu: abesifazane isicelo makeup ingubo nolaka nenhlamba, ukuzama ukuzivumelanisa nalolu amaphutha waqonda ukubukeka elikhanyayo, amadoda ziye zabona imali ebhange enyukubele futhi ezithile babhekwa like twist unomphela ezandleni ipeni obungangenhloko kakhanjana.

Neurosis futhi bayasangana: lokufanako nalokwehlukile

Njengoba umehluko ezibaluleke kakhulu phakathi kwalezi nokugula ngengqondo Kumele kuqashelwe lapha ukuthi: iziguli neurosis, ukuya kudokotela futhi bafune usizo bebodwa. Futhi abantu ababa lokusangana, neurosis, noma bamane awuboni inkinga enkulu ezinjengalezi, okungenzeka ukuthi musa babone ukungathi sína engaba khona ushiya le umthwalo emahlombe izihlobo zakhe.

izimpawu zesifo cishe izakhamuzi zaseBosnia zifana, ngenxa yalokho futhi kukhona ubunzima ku uphethwe. Ikhumbula yobudala iqembu ingozi main, lapho esemusha, ezikhulayo, ukushintsha phambi kwamehlo ethu, futhi wanezela nezinye izinkinga. Intsha ngokwabo sithambekele kokubili ukuqonda, futhi ungeqisi, ukuze abone ngokunembile yimuphi isifo sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo kunzima kakhulu (kuhlanganise ngenxa izimpawu kaningi sekulingisa).

Ngaphezu kwalokho, neurosis ingekho ngaphandle kwesizathu. Ngokuvamile kwandulelwe ukushaqeka esiqinile noma uchungechunge olude ukucindezeleka isimiso. Ngezinye izikhathi isimo sokugembula eba ngenxa ukukhathala okungamahlalakhona futhi overvoltage unomphela (isibonelo, lapho umsebenzi onzima ngaphandle alternation ukuphumula). Okuhluke kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni bayasangana evilaphayo, neurosis: Ngokungafani neurosis nje ukuthi disorder evilaphayo schizotypal singenzeka ngokumane yofuzo. Ezinye izici ezithinta ukubukeka kwalesi sifo aye atholakala.

Ngo kusaqalwa izimpawu kokubili izifo kuyafana, kodwa esikhathini esizayo ziqala ukuvela okusobala, isithombe emtholampilo is ngokucacile umahluko. Neurosis akusho deform izici ubuntu iziguli, ifomu neurosis-njengazo lokusangana, ngisho nazo zonke umsungulo yayo, namanje kuthinta izici siqu isiguli. Ngo bayasangana libhekene nokunganaki, ukuzehlukanisa ngokwako, abantu abaningi abasinaki futhi kugwenywe umphakathi, ngezinye izikhathi zehla yokuthi umuntu inikezwa ukukhubazeka - isiguli umane akakwazi ukuzinakekela.

Omunye umehluko phakathi kwalezi pathologies Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi neurosis zinganqotshwa kuqhathaniswa ngokushesha futhi ngaphandle kwezinkinga, angeke kushiwo mayelana neurosis sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo. Uma isikhathi kungaqali ukwelashwa, ukusonteka yomuntu uzoqhubeka unomphela. Futhi ngisho nalapho ukucindezelwa zotshwala izimpawu akhulule ngokuphelele umuntu okuthile engqondweni cishe kungenakwenzeka. Endabeni engcono sizoba ukuthethelelwa isikhathi eside.

Izimbangela lokusangana, neurosis

Kuze kube manje, izimbangela zezinkumbulo bayasangana neurosis-like kungukuthi ngokunembile ezaziwayo. Isici eliyisisekelo ubhekwa ifa ezingezinhle zofuzo, kodwa sikude nezinye izimbangela ezithinta ukubukeka leli fomu wesiyaluyalu schizotypal:

• ukuhlukumezeka ebuntwaneni;
• iziyaluyalu zentuthuko esikhathini perinatal;
• izingxabano nabanye (eside ikakhulukazi, evilaphayo);
• kwezimo ezingezinhle ekhaya, esikoleni noma emsebenzini;
• reception izidakamizwa kwelashwa;
• ukucindezeleka ngokomzwelo njalo, nezimo ezicindezelayo.

Engozini futhi ngaphakathi izingane wakhulelwa abazali ngemva kweminyaka engu-amathathu nanhlanu. isikhathi Perinatal lapho kungenzeka ukukhulelwa enjalo nzima izinkinga ezihlukahlukene, ngakho uphethwe ngokushesha izifo kunokwenzeka, ngokukhethekile kufanele kube ukuba izingane lezi imindeni.

iziguli Schizophrenic iziyaluyalu neurosis-like zithambekele ekuzuzeni nezinye izifo. Omunye iziyaluyalu ezivamile ezihlobene neurosis bayasangana kuyinto sokuzincisha, esithinta amantombazane iningi lawo kungabazalwane abasebasha. Dysmorphophobia (imicabango ukhathazeka kungamboza ububi yabo) ngokuvamile kuholela iziguli ukungondleki. Ngaphezu kwalokho, eziningi ezimweni asolwe ngamaphutha abo ziqondakala abanye. ukubambezeleka Broken ku, neurosis-like bayasangana phuca umuntu kungenzeka contact evamile nabanye abantu.

ibonisa ngokucacile ukuthi singakanani ngoyisiwula kusinda neurozopodobne bayasangana (ngokungafani neurosis). Esimweni sokuqala kukhona uyaphika ephelele inkinga futhi isidingo sokwelashwa, okwesibili - isiguli uzama ukuxoxa nabanye, ukuziqhakambisa bathole usizo.

Symptomatology ka bayasangana neurosis-like futhi neurosis

Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, ukufana kwamazwi bayasangana neurosis ngendlela efanele usaqala likhulu kakhulu. Kukhona umehluko osobala, isibonelo, kule emphakathini we-alamu nesineke, abaphethwe izinguquko sokugembula ka psyche. Uma neurosis indoda ngokuphuthumayo ukufihla imizwa yabo, musa ukuya contact ezindabeni umuzwa futhi ivikela ngokucophelela esikhaleni somuntu siqu. Kulokhu, isiguli ngokuvamile izama ukuthola onguchwepheshe ongakusiza sibhekane ngokuphumelelayo nokunganaki. bayasangana Neurosis-like, esikhundleni salokho, elinesimo ukuziphatha reverse: isiguli ukuthi uziphatha ngokweyisa nangegunya ukucasuka, imizwa nokukhathazeka, okuyinto kwaphawuleka ngokukhethekile entsheni.

Ezinye izimpawu low-grade neurosis bayasangana yilezi:

• izikhalazo njalo ukukhathazeka maqondana ngokwabo nabathandekayo babo, ukwesaba ngekusasa;
• ukukhuluma ngobudlelwano kwezocansi isekela ngokuphelele iziguli amhambise ibe stupor;
• kukhona ukuntuleka ephelele isithakazelo kwabobulili obuhlukile;
• Abantu bayakubona ezicini ezithile cishe zonke izenzo yasekhaya (isibonelo, ngaphambi kokuba udle i-apula, ogulayo ihlanzekile ngokuphelele futhi uthathe 8 asikiwe, ukuphinda lokhu njalo);
• mmangalelwa njalo izibambo, ibhande izingubo noma yimuphi omunye izinto ezandleni zabo.

Ngokwengxenye enkulu, ukuze lesi senzo (ikakhulukazi uma besaba ukucasha) izihlobo nabangane isiguli awazange asinakekele. Abantu abanjalo ngokuthi nje ome njengeqanda, ukuthatha khona njengoba kuyinto. Kudokotela, iziguli ngokuvamile ungahambi, ungathathi imithi.

Ingozi nezifo ezifana bayasangana neurosis-like, izimpawu futhi iqiniso lokuthi abantu fixated phezu kungamboza ububi fantasy ungenza nalo into esabekayo. iziguli Schizophrenic iziyaluyalu neurosis-like ngokuvamile ngaphansi ummese we ohlinzayo plastic ngenxa isifiso ukushintsha indlela abukeka ngayo futhi ufihle amaphutha kumane nje kuwumuzwa onawo. Abaningi balaba bantu Kubulawa ngokoqobo ukudla okunamafutha esiqinile, imijovo "ubuhle okusheshayo" futhi ngikhandlekile umsebenzi.

I engenangqondo izenzo ezenziwa iziguli, ezimweni eziningi sobala kwabanye. Ngezinye izikhathi ngisho indoda ukuba nolaka, ephoqa izihlobo nabangane bagcine ezicini ezithile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimpawu isifo zihlanganisa ukulala ompofu, ukuhoxiswa (endleleni, iyona oluvamile kakhulu bayasangana ngokuvamile), kanye lamabutho ngokomzwelo.

Ngubani kungasiza kulesi simo?

I kuqala uhlu lwabantu ongaxazulula inkinga njengoba neurosis, neurosis futhi bayasangana, odokotela. Ikakhulukazi, it is a therapist isazi sezifo zengqondo, ngaphezu, ngezinye izikhathi kuthatha yokubonisana kudokotela wezifo zengqondo.

Uma imbangela yezifo zengqondo kwaba ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa, kuphela udokotela wezengqondo bazokwazi ukwakha isithombe kweqiniso lesi sifo futhi ukucacisa lwemithi yokwelapha. Phakathi nokuhambela kwakhe kuqala onguchwepheshe isiguli uzodinga uphendule imibuzo embalwa. Ingxoxo izovala ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa notshwala, isimo emndenini, emsebenzini noma esikoleni. Idatha (futhi kamuva ihlaziye kwengqondo) kuzokusiza ukuqinisekisa noma ukuphika ukuba khona lesi sifo futhi ukuthola ukuthi siyini isizathu, uma zokugula ngengqondo kwenzeka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iseluleko siyonikwa isiguli avivinywe ngokwengqondo neluhlolo kumadivayisi ekhethekile. Kwaze kwaba yilapho sebeshiye ukucutshungulwa yokugcina Imiphumela lingase linqume ukwelashwa.

Afakwe iqembu "abasizi" izihlobo nabangane lomuntu anokugula okuthile engqondweni. ukwesekwa Okuqotho eyokusiza ukuba uwufinyelele ukuqala ngokushesha kwenkathi ukuthethelelwa esitebeleni bese ubuyela ucishe ukuphila okuvamile. Lokhu kubalulekile ikakhulukazi uma isiguli - esemusha. Intsha kakhulu abadala isinyathelo ngokushesha, ukuze isimo overexcitement kungase kubangele ukuzibulala. Vala kumele sihlale njalo siqaphele ukuziphatha umuntu lokusangana, neurosis uma kuphela ngenxa ingozi engathi sína. Thanda nokusekelwa nguye usizo olungcono kakhulu ekulinganiseni isimo lesiguli eyomsiza ukuba ashiye izwe lakhe avaliwe futhi ngixhumane nabanye.

Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi pseudoneurotic (neurosis) bayasangana ziyingozi njengobuthi ifomu "classical" wesiyaluyalu schizotypal. Ukuba khona ukubona imibono engekho "izwi ekhanda" kungaba ukuyithukuthelisa nesineke ukulimaza ngokwabo noma kwabanye.

Lwasemtholampilo isithombe, okuyinto elakhiwe lapho rastrojstvah engqondo

Kwenqwaba iziguli - intsha nabantu asebengena ebudaleni, ogama yobudala amabanga kusukela engu-13 kuya ku-20. Liphinyiselwe iziguli neziyaluyalu, syndromes futhi Dismorphomania BDD: isiguli engenza yena nabanye kungamboza ububi bakhe siqu, futhi ingxenye ethile somzimba ngokuvamile ovelele (ngesandla, unyawo, ikhala, indlebe). Ukuphazamiseka kwekhono Kutholwe iziguli, ngokuvamile ngengqondo, kodwa ezimweni ezingajwayelekile ngempela kungase kube icala elincane, okungabonakali ngokuphelele.

Esinye isici iziguli neurosis-like bayasangana - abantu abanjalo bangaba zizithela ifilosofi amahora ukubonakalisa ngalesi sihloko. imibuzo njalo ukuthi abantu bathanda ukuxoxa, nokugula ngengqondo ayimbangela yazo ukuba khona emhlabeni, wageza ukuphila obuphathekayo womuntu ngamunye kanye yaso sonke isintu.

Imicabango "mayelana okuphakade", njengoba umthetho, kukhona nje iqoqo iziphakamiso, hhayi ukuthatha noma yisiphi isinyathelo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi ukugxekwa isiguli engakhokhi yimuphi ukunakwa, wakhetha okwengeziwe lokumba imicabango nemibono ukubhala idayari. Ngokuvamile akunakwenzeka ukuba ingenzele imigca ubhala muntu.

ukukhathazeka ngokweqile, okuyinto uhlamvu ukwenama, kungenye kuwumphumela wenqubo yokuziphendukela labantu abatholakala ne lokusangana, neurosis (izimpawu kungase kube into evamile kwabanye rastrojstv engqondo). Instinct self-ukulondolozwa, ukwesaba yemvelo izimpilo zawo zezempilo eyinqaba kubo ngendlela engalungile, ngezinye izikhathi iziguli besaba ngisho nezinto ezivamile kakhulu. Ukuze ngandlela-thile bazivikele, abantu bayasangana bagcine amasiko athile amancane eziyinqaba. Ngokwesibonelo, ukulala ngesikhathi amasokisi ezahlukene kanye cap.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu abanjalo yayivamile ukuhambahamba hypochondriacal. Lesi simo libhekene usesho njalo izimpawu kwabo kuhle kwesifo esingelapheki esidluliselwa ezinzima futhi, okungekho muntu agule phambi kwalo muntu. Isiguli uphefumulela yena ukuthi igula kakhulu, njengoba umthetho, ongaziwa ukugula isayensi, futhi maduze uzofa. Lokhu ukuziphatha nakho kungase kuvame kakhulu ezinganeni sifo yokuntula ukunakwa.

Izindlela kokuphatha lokusangana, neurosis

Njengoba isifo akubhekwa ukuphambuka sina futhi ongathwali usongo ngqo impilo yakho kokubili umuntu nabanye, ukwelapha neurosis futhi bayasangana engabondli abakubo uhla lwezindawo Special and Drug Administration. Ngokuvamile esindayo zinhlungu nezidakamizwa antipsychotic, ezingenakho nethonya elinamandla izinqubo zawo wonke umzimba futhi ebuchosheni elithile, kodwa esimisiwe ngempumelelo aqede ukwesaba obsessions.

Uma lesi sifo iqala ukuhambisa ifomu ezifihliwe, balahle ukucindezeleka, imithi antidepressant kufanele agubhayo. Kodwa ngisho wedwa usebenzisa izidakamizwa abafanele kunzima kakhulu ukuphuma kulesi simo, ngakho-ke, ukusebenzisa abelaphi iqembu nezindlela umuntu esebenza Ezimweni ezinjalo.

Ngaphambi kokuqala umsebenzi (ikakhulukazi iqembu) isiguli, udokotela kufanele ukwazi ngixhumane naye. Kwakuba nezikhathi ukuthi umuntu ogulayo babethi wayegqugquzela abantu banempilo ngokuphelele futhi sebekubeke kunqatshelwe khona lokusangana, futhi ngemva kwesonto isiguli wabuyiswa. Ukwelashwa zingase zephuze, kodwa ekugcineni iziguli eziningi kabusha ukuzivumelanisa umphakathi.

Izibikezelo

Mental disorder (neurosis bayasangana) mbono omuhle cishe u-100% amacala. Kukhona Yiqiniso, inketho sokushintshela kwelinye ifomu lesi sifo, kodwa Esimeni esinjalo akunakwenzeka.

Ukuzibulala livela umlando ngempela nani elihlaba umxhwele iziguli, kodwa kuphelile imizamo musa idlule 2% walo lonke iqoqo iziguli. I yisehlakalo ivelakancane ngenxa ukuqapha eduze iziguli kakade sitholakale.

Ukukhubazeka kubantu abane-schizophrenia, neurosis inikezwe njalo. Ngemva Inkambo yokwelashwa nokuqala ukuthethelelwa inkathi umuntu uhlala ilunga eliphelele umphakathi futhi ingakwazi ukuzinakekela ezingeni lasemakhaya.

isibonelo umlando

Ukuze ukwakheka nokuqonda okucacile ubunjalo isifo kuyadingeka ukuze yazi nge idatha ibhalwe ku ezigulini eziye iziqubu wesiyaluyalu schizotypal (neurosis bayasangana). Emlandweni wezifo lesiguli nalesi sifo (okunemibandela Yiqiniso, ukuqonda kangcono isihloko) kuboniswa ngezansi.

Ngesikhathi reception ithole ngempela owesifazane nice ukubukeka okungase ukuphakamisa ukuba khona isifo sengqondo: ngokweqile izimonyo, ukuphazamiseka kaningi ingxoxo ukuze uzibuka esibukweni, behlanzekile, kodwa izingubo kunganambitheki. izwi okuyisidina, ebusweni izinkulumo kanye ukuthinta ukuthenga, futhi esikhathini esizayo, futhi umlando kuphela baqinisekisa uphethwe.

Ucwaningo ngesimo endlini wamnika idatha elandelayo: uyise - indoda esiqinile kakhulu, unina - owesifazane omuhle kodwa ngenkani, udadewabo omdala ivuliwe akhawunti zengqondo, ugogo egula ngengqondo. Ngakho, wembula ufuzo okungekuhle.

Utshele mayelana intshiseko zakuqala for ubulili besilisa, okuhlanganisa neqiniso lokuthi abantu abasha lapho kuqala izimpawu ezisobala bayasangana wayeka ukuliqaphela. Ngokulandelayo, lona wesifazane ethi mayelana amazwi in ekhanda lami, eyabonakala emva imikhawulo yokuxhumana nabanye. Amazwi babe besilisa, ekuqaleni ukhulume ikakhulukazi izincomo, futhi ngaleso sikhathi zaqala ukwamukelwa anikeze imiyalo, ukugqugquzela senzo. Lokujabulela neurosis bayasangana ngokucacile.

Isiguli ukubufihla kwabanye bakhe "ingosi yengevu" waxoxa amazwi, futhi ngokushesha yafakwa esibhedlela. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile yena uphumile. Eminyakeni emibili ezayo, owesifazane wahlupheka kuzuba eziningana acute ke isimo azinzile.

Isiguli lwenziwe izingxoxo umuntu phakathi nokusebenzisa izindlela ezithile ngokwengqondo, esimisiwe sedatives. Esigabeni ngasinye ukwelashwa yathatha-avareji yamaphesende nelesithupha amaviki. Njengoba inkathi esitebeleni ukuthethelelwa owesifazane isimeme, futhi babone izinto ezingekho futhi okuyize wanqamuka.

Ekuphetheni

esiwufuzo kunzima ukuvimbela, kodwa uphethwe futhi ukwelashwa kusaqalwa yentuthuko enze kube nokwenzeka ukuba ugweme zonke izinhlobo imiphumela engemihle. Kufanele sinake kakhudlwana ukuba izihlobo abasengozini, futhi musa ukushiya ngaphandle kokusekelwa intsha. Uma kukhona izimpawu ezithile kufanele usheshe uye kudokotela ngaphandle kokulinda isiqinisekiso ukuqagela kuphela.