Nefilosofi medieval

nefilosofi Medieval fanele ngenkathi feudalism. Lena wokubusa sinesimo sengqondo zenkolo, lokubonakala yenkolo. Ngakho-ke, okokuqala kunakho konke, ifilosofi medieval - incekukazi wezenkolo. umsebenzi Its main - ukufakazela ukuba khona kukaNkulunkulu, incazelo yomBhalo, nokuchaza le nezimfundiso zeSonto. Endleleni, ukuthuthukisa logic, ithuthukiswe nomqondo ubuntu (kokuhlukanisa essence hypostasis) kanye curled izingxabano igunya ejwayelekile noma ngabanye.

Ekuthuthukisweni yayo, zefilosofi ephakathi esidlule izigaba ezintathu, ngokulandelana ezindaweni:

1. Apologetics. Lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa ngamathemba ukwakha abantu yalelozwe lephelele, esekelwe embhalweni wemiBhalo Engcwele. Laba bameleli be-main zalesi sigaba wefilosofi medieval: i-Origen ongcwele noTertullian.
2. Patristic. Vuselela inkathi emfundisweni yobuKristu, ukusungulwa komphakathi kanye nokuchaza indima yebandla emphakathini. nefilosofi Medieval kulesigaba imelelwa Augustine waseHippo noJohn Chrysostom. Oyise balezi ibandla lika Krestu Babheka iBhayibheli njengokuphela iqiniso eliphelele bathi uNkulunkulu unguZiqu awanakufundwa le stroke futhi sezinzwa lizwakale, ngakho akunakwenzeka ukuchaza ngamazwi. Indlela eyodwa yolwazi - ukholo. Zonke izinkinga okubi, ekukhetheni okubi balabo bantu ngokwabo.
3. Scholastica. Ukuhunyushwa kanye elungile we nezimfundiso zenkolo main. Ngalesi sikhathi, ifilosofi medieval yayimelelwe foma Akvinsky futhi Anselm Kenterberiysky. Babekholelwa ukuthi yonke into mayelana ulwazi lwethu emhlabeni zingatholakala eBhayibhelini kanye nemisebenzi Aristotle. Badinga zisuswe ngokuhunyushwa.

zimiso eziyisisekelo

1. yokukhulekela Okugcwele ngokungathandabuzi kaNkulunkulu futhi intando iSonto - iyona isici esiyinhloko ezivamile wefilosofi ephakathi.
2. UNkulunkulu wadala umhlaba aphume lutho izinsuku eziyisikhombisa. Ngakho-ke, nakho konke abanakho, abantu abalamacala kuye. Umlando esichazwa ngokuthi ukugcwaliseka uhlelo saphezulu. USomandla khaphi yebuntfu ukuza umbuso kaNkulunkulu emhlabeni.
3. IBhayibheli - incwadi eminingi yasendulo futhi kuyiqiniso, iZwi likaNkulunkulu. ETestamenteni lakhe - into ebonisa ukholo, ngesilinganiso kuphela kokuhlaziywa kwamathenda iyiphi ithiyori nefilosofi.
4. I igunya lesonto. Umbhali eqiniso, kuwufanele ukulalela - Nkulunkulu. otolika Onegunya ngendalo yakhe kanye nezambulo - obaba isonto. Man uvunyelwe ukuhlola izwe njengoba umhlaziyi. ulwazi lweqiniso okungokukaNkulunkulu kuphela.
5. Ubuciko incazelo entsha futhi kwesivumelwano esidala. IBhayibheli - kuphela umbandela weqiniso. Kuyinto isethi ephelele imithetho ekubeni. UmBhalo - ekuqaleni nasekupheleni zonke namafilosofi abantu. Kuyinto - ngesisekelo yokuzihlola: ukuhlaziya amagama neenhlathululo, okuqukethwe ingqikithi imibono.
6. Kufundzisa ngawokwakha: ukufakwa jikelele kwezemfundo, uqeqesho kanye ukukhuthazwa sensindiso, okungukuthi, uNkulunkulu. Ifomu - azibhala, inkhulumomphendvulwano othisha kanye nabafundi abezwa. izici Main: encyclopedic, ezingeni eliphezulu lolwazi imiBhalo ubungoti okungumsu logic esisemthethweni -Aristotle.
7. Ukuba Nethemba Lokuhle - njengoba umoya ovamile. Nkulunkulu akaqondakali, kodwa imiyalelo yakhe kungaqondakala ngokholo. Kungenzeka lensindiso bebodwa, lovuko nokuphila okuphakade, ekunqobeni kokugcina (ngezinga elingelikhulu cosmic) seqiniso lobuKristu. Symbiosis ezingcwele. futhi kunenhlamba. kuyifilosofi yobuKristu isebenzisa okulandelayo izinhlobo ulwazi: isambulo, ulwazi enembile, ehlakaniphile, futhi ngokwambulelwa nguZimu.

Yiqiniso, ifilosofi medieval ibithwele eziningi izinkinga. Nazi ayinhloko:

1. Izwe ukhona sibonga uNkulunkulu owadala kuye.
2. Intando kaNkulunkulu futhi izwe edala, cishe oluqondakalayo ngumuntu.
3. nefilosofi Medieval ichaza banendawo futhi kuneqhaza abalibambile abantu emhlabeni ngokusebenzisa iphrizimu insindiso yemiphefumulo yabo.
4. inkululeko Nesochetanie ngokuphelele ngentando yomuntu ukuswela saphezulu.
5. Ukunqunywa Imininingwane, ematheni zihlukanise imfundiso kaZiqu-zintathu.
6. Ake sithi uNkulunkulu - okuhle, iqiniso nobuhle, lapho khona ungasebenzi kwaba okubi futhi kungani akakubekezeleli ke?
7. Isilinganiso lwamaqiniso eBhayibheli ubuye umqondo womuntu.