Nasezweni lokuzalwa - kuyini? Okusho ukuthi "Iziko"

Ekuqaleni, le - unkulunkulu pre-Roman, belondoloza ukulindwa kwendlu indlu, noma kunalokho, emi lokubuka izinto ezidliwayo umndeni ngoba penus elihunyushwe ngokuthi "ithala", futhi abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi igama nabanakekeli yasezulwini kwenzeka ncamashi ku izwi. Kamuva, in izinganekwane Roman, sekube yokukhulekelwa kukankulunkulukazi Penates, okuhlanganisa zonke abashisekeli endlini. Ngokuvamile aqaphe imikhaya lamaRoma Penates ezimbili. Ngakho nonkulunkulu bezinto ezingabonakali amadlozi.

I etymology kwegama elithi

Njengoba ezikhathini eziningi, ukuchazwa okunembile kwezindikimba umsuka wenkulumo ethi akuyona. Cicero ivumela ukwakheka kwegama elithi penitus - ophilayo ngaphakathi. Ngakho-ke, imbongi engumRoma, ngokungafani isiRashiya, leli gama wayebuye adume, kodwa incazelo ehlukile, ngokuvamile aye abizwa labo nkulunkulu Penetrales, noma "ifinyelela inhliziyo." Iziko - unkulunkulu yasekhaya okuqondene retinue lonkulunkulukazi Vesta - Homemakers. Ngokusho yetinsita inkosi waseRoma yesibili, numa Pompilius eyakhelwe ethempelini lokuqala Vesta, unkulunkulukazi. Ingaphakathi ingxenye emaphakathi ngokuthi Ipeni (kusuka penetralia - yangaphakathi imfihlo gumbi izindlu noma ithempeli). It sasekelwa emlilweni ophakade, futhi Penates zomphakathi bagcinwa. ithiyori eyamukelekayo Abaningana impela ngemvelaphi igama konkulunkulu ngokusuka enhliziyweni sethempeli Vesta.

Abagcini Empire

Ngandlela-thile, kodwa eRoma yasendulo Penaty - kuyinto izithombe ezifuywayo, kodwa londolozi isimo futhi wonke abantu baseRoma hhayi kuphela. In the version Latin lo mbono simiswe ngalendlela lelandzelako: Penates Publici Populi Romani.

Umlando ukuvela Penates zomphakathi eRoma yasendulo alwaziwa ngokuqinisekile. Engaqaliwe ngazo kancane kakhulu babazi, isitoreji yabo iye oyimfihlakalo. Kukholakala ukuthi baletha Eneya kusukela Troy. Futhi lokho abakubonisayo, baziwa kuphela Ngakhuluma kubapristi nakuso Vestal - Izinceku yokukhulekelwa kukankulunkulukazi Vesta. Kodwa kwakucatshangwa ukuthi Penates yomphakathi - kuyinto shrine eyinhloko eRoma. Bona kuqashelwe umbuso futhi wakhonza njengephayona isihluthulelo ukuchuma ukuthula wonke abantu.

Cute, ezomndeni, ezezilwane ezifuywayo ...

Kodwa futhi kwansuku izithixo zazithandwe futhi ahlonishwe. Clay kanye nokhuni yesithombe agcinwe endaweni eydijithali ahlukene sise kwemizi. Sesiphawulile ukuthi yokukhulekelwa kukankulunkulukazi Penates kwahlonzwa nge amadlozi ababhekwa. Pet nabalindi, abakhathalela inhlalakahle umndeni, bangabazali efile noma nje kwaba yizithombe, bonke munye ngaphansi ngesihloko esicacile "nasezweni lokuzalwa." Futhi zonke izizukulwane kwaba yemvelo futhi siyakwamukela kubo, kungakhathaliseki umuntu kwaba kude kangakanani. indlu Native, indawo yokuhlala, ukugxila Selokhu kwathi nhló abantu abaningi ukukhanya aqondisayo ekuphileni.

Ukushintsha lisho ukuthini igama elithi

Kancane kancane lokho wayelithanda endlini kababa, ukuthi izitolo futhi ivikela umuntu kusukela ebuntwaneni, salandelwa umfanekiso kwemizi umndeni. Futhi le nkulumo ethi "nasezweni lokuzalwa" uyekile Ihlanganisa onkulunkulu umnakekeli. It usuphenduke into efanayo nendlu kayise. Yebo-ke sengathi akubona bonke waqonda kahle lesi simo, uma wabonisa sibalo-lesigceme futhi ngokuthi kwemizi yakhe. Kwakudingekile ukutshela backstory. Manje kukhona ejensi ingcebo ngokuthi "nasezweni lokuzalwa." Nokho, yebo, amagama abalobi ibeke zokuhlala ethokomele ukuthi bangaba kakhokho, hhayi abanye onkulunkulu. Iziko abagcina ngowenye sikhathi, elinye isiko. Kodwa phakathi neminyaka edlule, Wadlulela zonke efudumele futhi abathandekayo, okuyinto lihlotshaniswa sosizo ukuze zibuthanela umndeni, lapho kwaba ukhululekile futhi ephephile, ngoba kuqashelwe izithixo. Njengoba ngithe ku Novice sakhe esezokufa: "... Futhi ngakhumbula endlini kababa, ngaphambi kokuhlwa kwemizi izindaba eside sendlela abantu babephila kudala ..." Konke lokhu - abathandekayo, esiphathelene nendawo lokuzalwa eyakhula ujabule, kufaka ibinzana "bomdabu kwemizi kanye ekhaya. "

Umqondo isidleke umndeni

Akukho lutho isimanga eqinisweni lokuthi umdwebi omkhulu Russian, omele lesikole umuntu okholelwa entweni ekhona okwangempela yokudweba Ilya Efimovich Repin, kokuba banquma ukwakha isithabathaba somuzi elalizoba esidlekeni umndeni, wambiza ngegama lonkulunkulu basendulo futhi umnakekeli zaveza izibalo zabo esangweni kwefa. Ngo-1899, lapho eneminyaka engu-kakade komdwebi abadumile Repin othenga km 50 kusuka Petersburg umhlaba, yakha indlu futhi ngokucophelela uzihlomisa zensimu. Kukhethwa yawa phezu kwezinsizwa emzaneni Kuokkala ngoba kusukela 1898 Ilya Efimovich Repin wakhonza njengephayona Umphathi Academy, imisebenzi ayenakho amaningi. Ukuze uthole edolobhaneni endaweni yesevisi kwaba Sibonga ngempela ukhululekile ukuba ujantshi, futhi indawo uqobo kwaba yangasese futhi bazole.

isihloko hola

Konke Kwatholakala njengoba kuhlosiwe: yokukhosela, lapho njalo ufuna buya eziningi yomkhaya enothando nabangane, lapho ngaso sonke isikhathi sihambisana nempumelelo. Ngemva nje somkhaya aphethe waba onguprofesa nenhloko workshop ngesikhathi Academy of Fine Arts. Manor Repin "Penates" uhlala ngokuvumelana negama layo. iminyaka engu-30 ujabule wachitha lapha komdwebi okukhulu. Lokhu kwakuwumnikelo ka-ikhaya wangempela umculi, wayemthanda lapha wonke amagumbi, futhi zonke izingxenye kwadingeka igama layo. Repin waphila lapha kwaze kwaba sekufeni kwakhe, okwenzeka ngo-September 29, 1930. Ubeneminyaka engu-86 ubudala. Ngokusho esicelweni sakhe, wembelwa lapha, esikhathini izindlu, eduze endlini futhi Chugueva slide. Kuokkala emzaneni iqanjwe kabusha Repino, futhi manje kukhona owaziwa zonke Museum Russian "Penates", okuyinto yasungulwa ngo-1940.

Isizotha nokuhluzeka mores yeningi Manor

Ngeshwa, ngesikhathi sempi, indlu lashisa ngokuphelele, wahlupheka, impahla yakhe yonke. Umuthi we-oki Akushintshanga, batshala ngokushesha ngemva komngcwabo. Ngemva kwempi, Manor iye zalungiswa, kanye Museum amasha ngo-1964. Manje useneminyaka engu-isikhumbuzo yezakhiwo sikahulumeni. On ke ungakwazi ukukhuluma isikhathi eside. Bonke abantu edume kakhulu futhi kakhulu isikhathi babekhona ifa umculi. Repin wathatha ngoLwesithathu, nezinye izinsuku wasebenza. imvelo Repinsky bobabili capitals ezaziwayo, izivakashi bahlangana impahla emva 3 amahora. Repin wayengumuntu ehlukile, eliyingqayizivele futhi ifa lakhe "Penates". insimu yalo kwadingeka imithetho yayo siqu. Izinceku lomculi aphethwe ngokomthetho, kodwa laba besifazane ababili ukuze zibasize endlini, wahlala khona ku-nokuwumisa elilinganayo abanikazi, bonke badla etafuleni elifanayo. Izikhungo umuntu akuvunyelwe nakancane. Ukuhlukumeza inqubo esungulwe enikeziwe uyasijezisa ngesimo isitatimende zomphakathi ezazilahla isinyathelo sakhe.

Elikhangayo abezindaba Repin

Lezi ubudlelwane yeningi ngaphandle lordly, benza Repin "Penates" ikhange ikakhulukazi. Isimo saba mnandi kakhulu. Ukuba lula nesizotha yomnikazi, ababengakholelwa eqhosha ethi mayelana nokuthi wayeqinisile yini isimo Thixo besikhathi sakhe, ukuntuleka pretentiousness imvelo - konke nomthelela ekusungulweni kobungane nobudlelwane phakathi Sebawoti nezivakashi kwefa. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi, ngenkathi ngaphansi kwethonya izinkulumo A. N. Beketova futhi Lva Tolstogo, ababevame beze lapha izivakashi ngokubulawa-free Ukudla ukudla, esikhathini izindlu wabusa imifino. Okunengi isimo senziwa ngokuvumelana imidwebo umdwebi. Lokho ithebula yezivakashi kwaba embhedeni futhi ligijima. Esitezi sokuqala ayebekelwe ukudla futhi ngamunye izivakashi ngokuvula knob kungaletha ukuze Pudding yakhe oyifunayo. Kuphela ngo-1918, lapho kuphakama kwaphinde kwaba nokungezwani kwezigodi ngemikhiqizo, etafuleni sikhishiwe ukudla okunomsoco. Ngesikhathi esifanayo umngcele Finnish ivaliwe, "Penates" babephethe Repin kakhulu futhi Russian abaningi kuleli zwe ucezu lenkaba. Yena washiyela ifa lakhe ka edume umculi ungowokuzalwa Academy. Ngenxa umdwebi omkhulu kwegama Manor yakhe ayizuzile ukuphila lalo. Lapho abantu bakhulume nobe babhale osesiphawulweni bese lifakwa izwi "Penates", kuba sobala ukuthi sikhuluma ifa Ili Repina.

Manje Museum-estate, etholakala ekhelini: 197738, Petersburg, Repino ngomzana, Seaside onguthelawayeka, 411 - ithola izivakashi nsuku zonke ngaphandle ngeMisombuluko ngoLwezibili, kusukela 10 am. Izikhungo bezobuka kuphela.