The Battle of eMoscow: isifinyezo sezinto msebenzi. Heroes Impi eMoscow

Impi adumile eMoscow, sifinyeto okuhlanganisa iziqephu zokuchitheka kwegazi okukhulu kunakho ka ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe ngosuku olwaba ingqopha-kuzo zonke izimpi ezilwiwa ngezikhali. Ngaphambi kwalokho, izigaba isiJalimane, ngokuvumelana uhlelo blitzkrieg, ngokushesha baya empumalanga, cishe ngaphandle kokuphikiswa. Emadolobheni asemaphethelweni inhlokodolobha yempi kwamaNazi Soviet sanqamuka.

Uhlelo sokudumisa

Ngisho nangaphambi kokuba kube ukuhlasela iSoviet Union ngamandla amakhulu, uHitler emhlanganweni imfihlo wagcizelela ukuthi ukuthatha eMoscow ngaye kuwumsebenzi omkhulu kakhulu yomkhankaso. Ukuwa kwe-dolobha yayiyoba sezenhlalo isimo lithole igalelo elibulalayo. I sokudumisa babenethemba lokuthi ngisho Battle of eMoscow izobanjelwa izinyanga ezintathu. kwabikwa okuqukethwe Omfushane "Barbarossa" uhlelo lwakhe lokufundisa abantu amakhanda wonke amabutho ngosuku olwandulela bewela umngcele.

AmaJalimane owalubhada inhlabathi baseSoviet abaphenya 22 Juni. Ukuthwebula okusheshayo eMoscow wayesekhona ezidingekayo futhi ukuze ugweme impi emakhazeni evuthayo eRussia emaphakathi. Njengoba yaziwa, ekhulwini XIX, ibutho sikaNapoleon wahlupheka kakhulu ngenxa yokuntuleka ukuqeqeshwa isimo angaphandle. amasosha isiFulentshi, zihambisana ijazi mncane, umnkantsha futhi yafa endleleni.

Hitler wayengafuni ukuphinda isiphetho Bonaparte ngokuphelele ayelungiselela ukuhlasela. Ngo-1941 yena kakade kwakungekaNkulunkulu lonke yezwekazi laseYurophu ngaphandle lamazwe ukuthi wayememezele ukungathathi hlangothi yayo. Ngakho-ke, sokudumisa unyakaziswa kuya empumalanga yonke impi yakhe, enethemba lokuthi imashi yimpumelelo. Kwema impi eMoscow. Executive Summary lo msebenzi kwaba iyisibonelo esihle ukwehluleka okuphelele plan for impi okuhlaselayo.

Alibale okuhlaselayo German

Naphezu ukugasela, Army German babeboshwe at Smolensk, lapho elahlekile izinyanga ezimbili eziphathelene izigaba Soviet. Ngezinye Leningrad futhi Kiev ndawo, futhi, kwakungekho ukumelana namandla. Ngenxa yalokhu, abasebenzi kwadingeka yokwelula zokuxhumana yabo, wamshaya ibutho komunye phambi komunye.

Ekugcineni, ngo-September 30 waqala okuhlaselayo lohleliwe German ku Moscow. Amaphoyisa asebenzisane obumbene wamabutho eziningana, behlome ubuchwepheshe bamuva sikhathi. Ngokusho izibalo we Wehrmacht, izigaba Soviet ukuqaphile inhlokodolobha, kwadingeka ukuba umuntu abe phakathi e boilers nodabukile endaweni Vyazma futhi Bryansk. Ngemva kwalokho eMoscow bangahlala abangakwazi ukuzilwela, futhi nalo ungenza noma yini oyifunayo.

amabutho amaqembu

Ekuqaleni ibhalansi amabutho lalithé nabaphikisi. Endleleni ye ibutho lamaJalimane (cishe bayizigidi ezingu-2) babe amabutho aseSoviet ababebalelwa abantu abangaba yizigidi ezingu-1,2. Defense eholwa ojenene iningi lawo kungabazalwane abasebasha abaphunyuka ezingabekwa zokucindezelwa kwalabo bantu uStalin phakathi neminyaka Esibhicongweni Omkhulu. Kwaba Boris Shaposhnikov, Ivan Konev, Georgy Zhukov, Andrei Yeremenko noJakobe Cherevichenko. Ikakhulukazi sibalo hero of the Yombango Semena Budennogo.

Yiqiniso, izwi lokugcina izinqumo kwabasebenzi bekungelegolide Iosifom Stalinym, abasala e Moscow, naphezu kwabantu ngenxa yengozi esondelayo zekhethelo kwezomnotho izikhungo yenhloko-dolobha.

Ukuqala impi

Le mpi onegazi eMoscow, sifinyeto okuyinto kunoma iyiphi ebhukwinitifundvo phezu umlando wekhulu XX, umyalo German wabizwa ngokuthi ukusebenza "iSiphepho". Lokhu ukunqamulela wagcizelela imigomo emikhulu oMbusi - buhlungu okusheshayo nokungabi nasihe wayofika uhlu lokugcina defense eyayimi endleleni enhlokodolobha yase-USSR.

Esigamekweni sokuqala (Septhemba 30), kwakukhona Bryansk Front. Ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbili, leli qembu okuhlaselayo bajoyine Wehrmacht endaweni Roslavl. Lokhu Ukuhlinza kwaphumelela. wamabutho Soviet eziningana (19 th, 20 th, 24 th no-32 th) sebephila.

Ukuphila inhlokodolobha

Ngesikhathi esifanayo eMoscow waqala enye wave ukugqugquzela. Ordinary eyamukelayo isikhali esandleni, baphuthuma siye ngaphambili, lapho ingxenye enkulu labhubha grinder inyama Wehrmacht. Abaningi amaqhawe Battle of eMoscow ngihlalé engaziwa. Ngokuvamile abavamile yanyamalala unomphela, futhi imizimba yabo ayengeyona ngisho nenkathi yokuthula. Huge mass amathuna, lapho ngokuxhamazela wangcwatshwa ngokungakhethi, baye sekuyinsakavukela. Ziningi izikhumbuzo we Soldier engaziwa kanye amalangabi okuphakade ngemuva kokuthi badunyiswe wezisulu empini ngesihluku.

izinkampani kusaba yokusebenza eMoscow. Bonke zabantu zathuthelwa kwezinye izindawo, eya ngasempumalanga - ku iVolga esifundeni kanye Urals. ubuholi beqembu bazama ukwenza supply nzile wonke lamakhono abalulekile ukuze amasosha ngaphambili. Ezweni kwakungekho muntu abazophila ukuphila okunokuthula. Ngisho nabantu ngaphambili langemuva wasebenza bededelana yempumelelo Red Army.

I umbukiso we Novemba 7

I esasibucayi iningi ukuzivikela ku ikhalenda okwenzeka ezinsukwini lapho lonke lelo zwe is ngokwesiko ayegubha weminyaka le-October Revolution. The Battle of eMoscow ngo-1941 kwaba isiqephu efanayo ebulalayo, njengoba izenzakalo Petrograd, ngonyaka amabili nane ubudala. Stalin yayikuqonda lokhu, ngakho-odwe inhlokodolobha sokulungiselela ukugubha iminyaka engu-.

Ngobusuku buka-November 7 eMoscow isikaniso izinduna ayeyalwe ukuba kuholele amasosha akhe ukuba Red Square. sokulinda elivamile umbukiso omkhulu. Battle of Moscow 1941 udonsa wonke amadoda anamandla, ngakho nje ukumasha izingane ezibiyele sika umgandayo abasha ngokushesha waya ngaphambili. Ngaleso sikhathi, wagijima nedlanzana amakhilomitha ambalwa ukusuka enhlokodolobha.

Ukunqotshwa kwe-amaJalimane

Kaninginingi, amaqhawe Battle of eMoscow kwawona ekuhlaseleni amathangi kanye elihamba, imbozwe emoyeni iziteleka kanye wezikhali Ukuvutha. Ekupheleni kuka-November, ukuhlukana undlovukayiphikiswa sekungene eduze ngangokunokwenzeka enhlokodolobha. Balithatha Krasnaya Polyana, lapho aqala shelling edolobheni. Ukuze Hitler kwaba obalulekile inkulumo-ze hambisa.

Nokho, ngo-December 5, kwasho ukuqala esiphikisayo okuhlaselayo we amasosha aseSoviet ngo-Battle of eMoscow. AmaJalimane zaminza izinyanga-eside zabo mashi, futhi ekugcineni aqala ukwehla. amasosha Dead-ukhathele eba yiqhwa kuze kube sekufeni noma owayezinikele amasosha iRed Army. Ngemva kwamasonto ambalwa, i-Wehrmacht waqhutshelwa amashumi amakhilomitha. Izinsuku kunabo bonke impi losalela emuva. Onyakeni olandelayo babe ngezihluthu, kodwa imoto German isivele kuhlulekile. Ukuqala Battle of eMoscow kwakungekho zimpawu yokwehluleka ezinjalo.

Amagama abanye amaqhawe ukungqubuzana ziye zaba ingxenye umlando. Ziyakwazi:

• Zoe Kosmodemyanskaya;
• Thimothewu Lavrischev;
• Victor Talalikhin;
• 28 Amaqhawe Panfilov, eliholwa VG Klochkov nabanye.

Lokhu kunqoba we amabutho aseSoviet (kanye Battle of kwaseStalingrad) kwakuyisikhathi senguquko e seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili.