Tehran lenkomfa 1943

Le ngqungquthela Tehran ingenye ngobukhulu e seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili. Lo mcimbi zamanxusa senzeka ngo-1943, kusukela 28 Novemba kuya ku-1 Disemba. Le ngqungquthela Tehran ukuthi ibizwe ekuthatheni isinyathelo ubuholi Soviet. It kwakubaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwe-nobudlelwano phakathi ahlangene ngamazwe.

Ukuze uthole ingxoxo izimpikiswano ezinkulu esihlatshiwe lingasetshenziswanga kuhlelo - zonke ithimba wayenalo ilungelo ukubeka phambili ngezihloko ezihlukahlukene.

Le ngqungquthela Tehran, isinqumo okuyinto sathathwa ezintweni ezibaluleke kakhulu isikhathi, kwakufanele nomthelela ku sokuhlanganiswa anti-Hitler womanyano. Lokhu kudala izimfanelo sokuthuthukisa ekuqiniseni ubudlelwano phakathi wamazwe esizayo phakathi kweSoviet Union, eBritain le America.

Naphezu okusobala isimiso sezombangazwe sakhona USA naseGreat Britain ngakolunye uhlangothi, iSoviet Union - ngakolunye uhlangothi, inkomfa Tehran selukhombisile ukuthi phakathi kwala mazwe kungenzeka nokubambisana mutual letibukene isitha ezivamile. Yiqiniso, kwakukhona izingxabano, futhi isimo ngokuvamile yabe ababheke ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, amazwe sasifuna, wathola futhi wathatha isikhundla amukeleka kuze lonke.

Le ngqungquthela Tehran kunqunywa isikhathi esiqondile kuvulwa phambi yesibili eFrance, sinqatshiwe "isu Balkan", okuyinto kuphela kuholela prolongation izingxabano, futhi ngenxa yalokho, ukulahlekelwa okukhulu.

Ngenxa yokuthi ku kuvulwa phambi yesibili isinqumo lihlehliselwe umbimbi, iSoviet Union kwadingeka usebenze kanzima nge ibutho likaHitler cishe iyodwa. Ubuholi LaseSoviet yayicabanga ukuthi ukuze ngizuze kubalulekile ukuxhuma amabutho yezwe, wabeka amabutho aseJalimane wahlaselwa isifo ngokuhlanganyela kusuka ezinhlangothini ezahlukene. Ngenxa yalokho, ngaphezu ukuphikiswa eziyinhloko phambi Soviet-German wayesengaba ezempi endaweni West Europe.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi umcimbi zamanxusa zenzeka ngaphansi kwesimo kunqotshwa okubabazekayo ka ibutho laseSoviet, esaqinisa isimo ebalulekile ngesikhathi seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili. Ngesikhathi abahlaseli German badedelwa kwesokunxele-yasebhange Ukraine kanye Donbass. Ngo-1943, ekuqaleni kukaNovemba, isitha waxoshwa Kiev. Ekupheleni konyaka it wadedelwa, abantu abangaphezu kwengxenye athatha izwe labakwa-Soviet. Kodwa nakuba isikhona impumelelo lempi eSoviet Union, Germany wahlala Umphikisi eqinile, futhi ayikwazanga bachithe izinsiza ezanele cishe yonke indawo-European.

Le ngqungquthela Tehran, imiphumela okuyinto yayiba ukusetshenziswa ibutho ngokumelene Hitler ngokuhlanganyela nezilinganiso esichazayo, kwaba nethonya elihle ku-nobudlelwano phakathi Allied. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona ngamafuphi wabuka okuthunyelwe-impi ukuze izwe, ohulumeni bakwazi ukuza ukuvumelana ezindabeni ukuqinisekisa ukuthula kanye nokuphepha kwezizwe ngezizwe engapheli. Ngakho, hhayi kuphela saseneliseka abanezifiso lempi, kodwa waphinde wamisa ukuqonda nokwethembana phakathi uthi eziholayo anti-Hitler womanyano.

Ngenxa ngempumelelo isinyathelo sezempi ibutho laseSoviet, kushintshile kakhulu, hhayi kuphela imvelo yangaphandle bezempi nabezombusazwe enye ukuphangwa, kodwa futhi isilinganiso ukulingana kwamandla emhlabeni.

Ithimba le-British nabaseMelika olunezinombolo amabili - amashumi amathathu. Stalin wafika lenkomfa, ephelezelwa Molotov, Voroshilov futhi Pavlov (umhumushi). Kwenziwe hhayi kuphela umhlangano okuzobe kukhona kuwo amazwe amathathu, kodwa futhi imihlangano zamazwe amabili. Ngokwezazi-mlando, LaseRomania lase nomthelela omuhle Kuhlangana obengeziwe ukubukwa amandla futhi ukuphumelela inkomfa Tehran bebonke.

Naphezu isikali enkulu phambi Soviet-isiJalimane, wazizwa kusondela ukunqoba ezivamile ibutho azihlanganisa ngaphezu kwesitha ezivamile.