Imithetho yasendulo Indian of Manu

Uma sicabanga ilungelo eNdiya yasendulo, Manu - into yokuqala uyinake. Leli qoqo - ezaziwa kakhulu futhi atholakale lesikhumbuzo umphakathi we-Indian lasendulo isiko lomthetho. Wajabulela idumela endulo futhi NgeNkathi Ephakathi. Ngokusho ezinganekwaneni amaHindu, kuba sikakhokho nombhali womuntu - Manu.

Umlando sokudalwa

Eqinisweni, Manu akuyona endala kangaka. Phakathi 6-5 eminyaka BC, e-India kukhona zonke isimo esisha esikhulu nge uhlelo senceku. Amandla athuthukile, kwakukhona izinguquko emibonweni yabantu nasendleleni yabo izikhungo zomdabu. Futhi umthetho evamile wetemlomo yayikhona ngaphambi kwalokho, wayengasakwazi ukuhlangabezana izinga ukuthuthukiswa States, ayikwazanga bahlangabezane nezidingo zabo. Wesuka dharmasutry - amaqoqo imithetho ebhaliwe, ayesekelwe Vedas. Lapho kukhulunywa ngaye okokuqala Manu dharmasutre basonta 9th ekhulwini BC. Izazi zanamuhla sebefike esiphethweni sokuthi umthetho Manu, ezifana abaye bafinyelela ngayo kithi, ithuthukiswe ekhulwini 2nd BC. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngokusho abavelele Sanskritist G. Buehler, abanye dharmasutra i, okuyinto ngesisekelo nokuqoqwa, kuze kube namuhla engakaze balondolozwa.

Imithetho yasendulo Indian of Manu

Umbhalo Imithetho Manu izahluko nambili. Iqoqo liqukethe izinto 2685, okuyizinto couplet. Kuphela izahluko VIII IX aqukethe imithetho langempela komthetho, kanye asele ukuchazela abantu ngesimiso lombhalo eNdiya yasendulo. Uneminyaka lapha ongaphambili. Ngokusho umthetho Manu, e -India lasendulo kwaba yilelo nalelo libe nesigaba lombhalo emphakathini Varna. Abantu uhambile Brahmins, Kshatriya, Vaishya, Shudra futhi bengenakuthintwa.

Manu has a logic ezithile isethulo, kodwa ukwehlukana ngakwesokudla wemboni ingakamiswa ezenziwe. Futhi, ukusebenza komthetho kuleli bhuku eduze kakhulu zithandelana iziyalezo zenkolo.

Umthetho ukunakwa ezinkulu ikhokhelwa ukuvikelwa kwamalungelo komhiaba ukwakha movables. Ngakho, lapha kukhona imithetho elawula itayitela isipho, ukudayiswa, loan nabanye. Liphinde lunikeze iziqiniseko of ukusebenza nezibopho - isibambiso kanye isiqinisekiso. Nesivumelwano sokubolekwa kakade akufezile ngokuningiliziwe, kodwa namanje akazange ncela ngokomthetho nokubhala. Leli qiniso kufakazela ezingeni eliphezulu kanye inzalo eyinhloko.

Manu uyidelele waqasha zabasebenzi kanye ukusekela ebugqilini. Ngokuphathelene ubuhlobo bomkhaya, nalapho kutholakale khona owesifazane osesimweni ongaphansi, isithembu ovunyelwe futhi kuhlangana castes akuvumelekile.

Dharmasutry babe, kunalokho, amasethi imithetho, izimfundiso nesiqondiso, kunokuba umtsetfo lokhona. Kulolu qoqo, njengoba umthetho Manu, kukhona uhlaka ezithakazelisa kakhulu futhi incazelo zefilosofi. Abaningi izincomo babe imithetho esemqoka, ayesetshenziselwa ekuhloleni amacebo zempi nokuthuthukiswa kwesu. Ngokwesibonelo, imisebenzi wombusi, ngokuvumelana Imithetho Manu wawuzoba nesibindi empini, njalo ukuvikela izikhonzi zakhe, abe nsuku zonke isilungele empini. INkosi ibuye Kwakudingeka sicashe izimfihlo zabo, kodwa bakwazi ferret aphume ngobuthakathaka isitha.