Methylation DNA Sibutsetelo

Methylation is kufike lapho zihlangana khona eyodwa carbon futhi ezintathu hydrogen ama-athomu kuya kwenye i-molecule. Lesi simo esiyingqayizivele sibangelwa ubhekwa izwi lokugcina ekunakekelweni kwempilo. Yena kuhambisana ukuqaliswa cishe yonke imisebenzi yomzimba.

imisebenzi

amaqembu Methyl (carbon ne-hydrogen-athomu omoya-) zinengxenye:

1. ukusabela komzimba ukuze ezimweni ezicindezelayo.
2. Ukuthuthukiswa nokucutshungulwa glutathione. Kusebenza njengomnyombo antioxidant ukhiye emzimbeni.
3. hormone nokwehlisa, izinsimbi ezisindayo futhi chemical compounds.
4. Lawula izinqubo ukuvuvukala.
5. Ukulungisa amaseli lilimele.
6. amasosha omzimba nomthethonqubo ukulwa namagciwane nezifo, okwenza ukulawula T-cells.

. Okunye futhi okubaluleke ngokufanayo inqubo DNA methylation. Ake sicabangele ke kabanzi.

isilawuli Epigenetic ka

способствует передаче паттернов следующему поколению клеток при митозе. amaphethini DNA methylation kusiza ukudluliswa isizukulwane esilandelayo lamaseli mitosis. Esanda kutholakala, kuye kwatholakala ukuthi inqubo ngokujoyina amaqembu zama-athomu izakhiwo asebegulela umahluko has nobudlelwano obuthile kumiswa inkumbulo futhi plasticity izinhlaka zokuxhumana zobuchopho. K. Miller no D. Sweet uphenyo DNA methylation. Abahlola lesi simo wabaholela ukuphetha ngokuthi umsebenzi methyltransferase dezoksiribonukleinovokislotnoy kakhulu anda izilwane phakathi ngekhanda ulwazi olusha. Lokhu kusiza ukunciphisa inkulumo zezakhi zofuzo okuyinto ukucindezela izinqubo inkumbulo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, laba balobi ukhombe into eyodwa ngaphezulu. Abacwaningi babika ukuthi le amaprotheni reelin isakhi sofuzo kusebenze, ukuthuthukisa ushintsho kanye zokuxhumana kobuchopho abathintekayo ngokuhamba zokucabanga okubangelwa isifo sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo kuthinta inkumbulo kumiswa. Uma lokhu isici is moya demitalazy-enzyme kokunikezela demethylation DNA (ukukhululwa amaqembu methyl). amaqiniso ayisisekelo kuholela isiphetho esibalulekile. , а также обратное ему явление, играют существенную роль при хранении информации и запоминании. methylation DNA ngokuthi omunye izindlela epigenetic, kanye lo mkhuba ephambene, edlala indima ebalulekile kusitoreji ulwazi kanye inkumbulo. Lo mbono waqinisekiswa imiphumela iqembu lesifundo E. Costa. Kwatholakala ukuthi demitilirovanie reelin futhi glutamate decarboxylase izakhi zofuzo kungenziwa moya amagundane molecule encane ukuthi liphazamisane DNA isitshalo-nucleus. Lezi lubonisa hhayi kuphela kungenzeka ukushintsha imibono nokushiya ekhona mayelana ukwakheka inkumbulo. является динамическим. Futhi ukhombe yokuthi kwakucatshangwa unomphela DNA methylation iyaguquka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingasetshenziswa therapy.

Izici

имеют определенную связь, нельзя назвать новой. Umqondo wokuthi inkumbulo futhi DNA methylation sibe nobuhlobo ezithile, angeke ngokuthi omusha. It usumisiwe conditionality izinhlaka zokuxhumana zobuchopho ukudluliswa histone acetylation. Bakha lwamathambo lapho DNA ukulimaza. Acetylation kunciphisa kokusondelana we histone ukuze acid nucleic. Lokhu kuvula ukufinyelela DNA nezinye namaprotheni ahlobene nayo ukuze, phakathi kokunye, ne ukusebenza lokhu ngezakhi ezingamaqoqo. Eqinisweni, i-CREBBP histone umsebenzi atsetilotransferaznaya (ngibopha amaprotheni), ayezosebenza njengabaqondisi ukhiye umbhalo isici izinzwa kwakuhambisana nezinga umphumela lokhu amaprotheni ku ngekhanda. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bekubonakala lwembula inkumbulo okhulisa uhlamvu eliqinile le ngesikhathi ukusetshenziswa histone deacetylase inhibitor. It kwaholela ukusheshisa histone acetylation.

imicabango

Sweet futhi Miller ebuzwa imibuzo elandelayo mayelana ukucindezelwa histone-engaphansi amaphethini inkulumo. ? Uma ungakwazi ukudlala indima ukuziqondisa inkumbulo, kuzoholela nomphumela ofanayo ukuthi DNA methylation? Lesi simo esiyingqayizivele sibangelwa livele njengendlela yokulondoloza umsebenzi ngesikhathi mitosis futhi izakhiwo ukwakha izinhlelo. Nokho, ebuchosheni mammalian wavuthwa waphawula umfutho methylases, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi amangqamuzana amaningi is nondividing. Ngenxa yokuthi lesi simo kubhekwe kunomthelela nokucindezela isakhi sofuzo inkulumo, abacwaningi abakwazanga wenqabe methylase zokuxhumana okungenzeka nezinqubo zokulawula in izinzwa.

Ihlola ezizathwini

этого явления в формировании памяти, обрабатывали срезы гиппокампа ингибиторами дезоксирибонуклеинокислотных метилтрансфераз. Sweet nozakwabo ngokuhlola methylation DNA, kusho ukuthini lokhu esenzeka kumiswa inkumbulo, tincetu hippocampal ziphathwe inhibitors dezoksiribonukleinokislotnyh methyltransferases. Bathola ukuthi kuvimbela ukuqala potentiation eside - nasekuqiniseni zokuxhumana kobuchopho ekuphenduleni umsebenzi neuronal. Le nqubo kubangela umphumela ukufunda nenkumbulo izindlela. Ososayensi baye bathola ukuthi inhibitor kwehle lizinga methylation e-DNA reelin. Sakhomba reversibility yayo.

ucwaningo

Ukunquma ahambe phambili ezifundweni zabo, Sweet futhi Miller waqala ukuqapha izinguquko iphethini methylation ku amagundane oyisibonelo lapho izilwane ukufunda ukuhlobanisa indawo eqondile kanye ezintweni ezingemnandi, ngokukhethekile, uthuthumele ababuthakathaka. Ukuziphatha zokuhlola ethola inhibitor, eveza ukuthi kungenzeka ukufunda nobunzima. Thola ngokwabo esimweni lapho kwadingeka ukuba ukwesaba, eba yiqhwa kubonisa ukuthi mancane kakhulu izilwane control.

okutholakele

Indlela methylation zingathinta imemori amagundane? Ososayensi baye wakuchaza kanje. I-DNA likhona eziningi izingxenye okungase kuthinte amaqembu ngokujoyina hydrogen ne-carbon ama-athomu. Kule ndaba, abacwaningi wanquma ukwenza lokho okushiwo ukuba lo mkhuba elandelayo. Babetadisha ngokuyinhloko methylation zezakhi zofuzo kabani indima ekwakhiweni inkumbulo usumisiwe kakade. Lona wenyuselwa endaweni lapho izinqubo inkumbulo amaprotheni phosphatase kuthiwa ukuyiveza. kwehle Inkulumo angabangela nomphumela ohlukile. Ngempela, omunye ihora conditioning zesimo yokwesaba methylation ezingeni ngakhula ngaphezu kwanoma kayikhulu. Kulokhu, lo mRNA amazinga e hippocampal CA1 esifundeni sesimeni ukunciphisa ayebuthakathaka, kepha wezibalo obalulekile. Lo mphumela itholakala ubuchopho izilwane nge inhlanganisela uthuthumele encane emikhawulweni kanye umongo eseyintsha. Endaweni ehlukile, lezi kokuvusayo unganikezi nanoma imuphi umthelela methylation. Ngakho, amaqembu ngokujoyina Kwenziwa kuphela imfundiso samanje.

methylation DNA nokushwabana

Izinkinga ubudala futhi ukubukeka umdlavuza ingenye zezihloko okuxoxwa ngazo kakhulu. Eminyakeni eminingi yocwaningo, ososayensi baye basikisela ezihlukahlukene nemibono onobuhle. Nokho, futhi umqondo okwamanje akasabeli ngokugcwele yonke imibuzo. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, ngabomvu ukufuna amakhambi isifundo esiphathelene izinguquko ukuguga emsebenzini zofuzo. Ikakhulukazi, umbono walo ngalolu daba wathi uProfesa anisimov. Uveza ukuthi ukubonakaliswa (inkulumo) zezakhi zofuzo kuncike, phakathi kwezinye izinto, by methylation, okungase kuthinte izinga yokuguga. Kufika ama-5% cytosine izinsalela ka-deoxyribonucleic acid abangu ngokujoyina amaqembu carbon ne-hydrogen-athomu omoya-ukwakha 5mTs (5-methylcytosine). Lokhu base ubhekwa njalo kuphela kuyi-DNA eziphilayo ephakeme. Ukujoyina amaqembu lwenzeka ngesikhathi kokubili imicu afanako. Izinsalela 5mTs njalo ukufihla ngemuva izinsalela guanine. Kulendlela yokubhala zinemisebenzi eyahlukene zibuye. Nokho, kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuthi methylation ohilelekile ukulawulwa umsebenzi izici zofuzo. Izinguquko ngokuhamba amaqembu ngokujoyina kubangelwa ukwehluleka ezingeni umbhalo.

izizathu

Ubudala-demethylation waba owokuqala owachaza lesi ngo-1973 Lokhu umehluko itholiwe degree ngokuhlukana amaqembu e-rat kwezicubu. Ebuchosheni, demethylation waya izikhandle kakhudlwana ekufuneni kuka esibindini. Kwatsi emva kwaloko kunqunywa 5mTs ukwehla ngeminyaka emaphashini, kanye nemiklamo fibroblast isikhumba. Abacwaningi basikisela ukuthi engu-demethylation kubenza bavame ukuba amangqamuzana enze ushintsho ebulalayo. Lesi simo esiyingqayizivele sibangelwa ungaboniswa alula kanje. Isakhi sofuzo ngasebenzi yayihambisana ukuba methyl iqembu. Ngaphansi kwethonya zamakhemikhali kwenzekani Ukukhipha yayo. Ngakho, isakhi sofuzo icushiwe. Iqembu wenza imisebenzi zama-athomu fuse. I umncane inombolo, amaseli umahluko abaningi futhi ngaleyo ndlela omdala kunawe zabo ngaphezulu - ngakho-ke encane. Isibonelo zakudala kabanzi lisetshenziswe izincwadi, kungaholela ukuthuthukiswa uhlobo oluthile salmon. Isenzakalo lokufa kwabo okusheshayo kakhulu ngokushesha ngemva zidala. Izolo basekhona yini abantu abasebasha abasezingeni lokuya zokuzala ufe kungakapheli isikhathi esifushane. In the plan begazi, lesi simanga yanda ukuguga, okuyinto kuhambisana emikhulu DNA demethylation.

Indlela ukusiza umzimba?

Zikhona izindlela ezehlukene ngawo ukuze uthuthukise isegazini DNA methylation. Phakathi ethandwa kakhulu kufanele ngokuthi:

1. Ukudla imifino fresh. imifino eluhlaza ikakhulu Kunconywa. Ikhonza njengabameleli umthombo folic acid adingekayo ukuze kuqinisekiswe methylation efanele.
2. Amavithamini B12 no B6, riboflavin. imithombo yabo amaqanda, izinhlanzi, nama-alimondi, walnuts, asparagus nokunye.
3. Ukuthola imali eyanele zinc kanye magnesium. Zinikeza yesondlo methylation.
4. Ukwamukelwa probiotics. Isiza nokulungiselela ukumuncwa amavithamini B iqembu futhi i-folic-kuwe.

Kubalulekile futhi ukunciphisa ukucindezeleka, give up imikhuba emibi (utshwala, ukubhema). Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuze umzimba abakutholanga into enobuthi. Lezi zinto zehlela ukuthatha amaqembu methyl ukulayishwa isibindi.