Izindlela Scientific of cognition. Befuna iqiniso.

Umqondo "indlela" oluhlanganisa iqoqo imisebenzi kanye namasu okuqonda theory ne practical ngokoqobo. Indlela inikeza umuntu wonke simiso izimiso, imithetho, izidingo, elandelayo ngalo kusheshe ukufeza injongo ethile. Kukhona indawo ethile yolwazi, leniketa Okubaluleke ngokukhethekile ekutadisheni izindlela, ibizwa ngokuthi indlela. umsebenzi wayo lomkhulu ukutadisha izici yezindlela yolwazi: imvelaphi, uhlobo nokuphumelela kwaleso sembatho.

izindlela zokufunda ingahlukaniswa ngokusho ukusetshenziswa kwabo kabanzi inqubo ucwaningo lwesayensi. Kulokhu, ulwazi izindlela zesayensi zihlukaniswe amaqembu amabili ezinkulu: elifanayo ezintweni eziphilayo kanye dialectical. Esikhathini Maphakathi nekhulu XIX izindlela elifanayo ezintweni eziphilayo ngokwethukela kwathathelwa indawo dialectic, ngenxa ukuthuthukiswa ngokushesha isayensi yemvelo. iqembu Dialectic izindlela kukhona jikelele yesayensi izindlela cognition, okuyinto kabanzi ehlukahlukene yesayensi, okungukuthi, ububanzi sasivumela ububanzi kwezicelo.

Okubukwa njalo ithuluzi main ohambisana yesayensi izindlela cognition. Kuye njalo sibe nengxenye ebaluleke kakhulu ulwazi lwesayensi, ngoba ikuvumela ukuthi uqoqe omningi mayelana nolwazi imvelo. Isilingo ngokuthi eziyinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe, uma kuqhathaniswa nalokho okwashiwo indlela enokwehla ukwazi. Usikisela okunenjongo, esebenzayo futhi lilawulwa ukuchayeka umcwaningi ngqo into, ukucabangela izixhumanisi zalo, izakhiwo noma nezinye izinhlangano. Isilingo enezinto eziningi izici esingokwemvelo:

1. Ukuhlolwa kusivumela ukufunda isihloko injalo emsulwa, ekuqedeni izici ezihlukahlukene enqabayo athiya inqubo uphenyo.
2. Ngesikhathi sokuhlola, ungakwazi abeke into kwezimo ezingajwayelekile kanye kakhulu.
3. Ngesikhathi sokuhlola, ungakwazi ahileleke ukuthuthukiswa yayo, futhi ulungise Yiqiniso obengeziwe isilingo.
4. Ukuze siqhube ukuhlola ungaba iyiphi inombolo izikhathi njengoba kudingeka ukuze bathole imiphumela ezinokwethenjelwa.

Ilungiselela nokuqhuba izifundo lwesayensi kudinga ukugcwaliseka izimo ezithile ngokuziphanyeka experimenter.

Ngakho, ukuhlola kwesayensi:

1. Ungalokothi kwenziwa ngokungahleliwe. Ukuhlolwa njalo kusikisela ukuba khona ngokuqinile zavela ucwaningo injongo.
2. Ungalokothi kwenziwe zifa. Ukuhlolwa njalo esekelwe yimuphi ezizathwini theory.
3. Hhayi olwenziwa bengahlosile. Inkontileka kufanele babe nohlelo owandulelayo isilingo.
4. Njalo kudinga imishini ethile yezobuchwepheshe ekusetshenzisweni yayo efanele.
5. Kudinga ezingeni lelisetulu lunye zabantu abayobe wahlanganyela ngenkuthalo ekufezeni isilingo.

Dialectics futhi Metaphysics - akuyona kuphela nomqondo wefilosofi, esekelwe ukuthi iziphi kulezi zindlela yesayensi cognition. Lona ulwazi enkulu jikelele amasu ukuthi sikwazi ukuqondisisa hhayi kuphela isithombe yesayensi zomhlaba, kodwa futhi ukuthuthukisa inkolelo-mbono yakhe siqu lokuhlola amazwe.

Ulwazi kanye nokusebenzisa izindlela zesayensi yolwazi akusho ukubeka eceleni ukusetshenziswa yangasese futhi ekhethekile izindlela zesayensi lolwazi imihlola ehlukahlukene. Chastnonauchnogo izindlela cognition ukumela Lisethi lemigomo kanye nezindlela cognition, izinqubo zesayensi kanye namasu okuyinto uthole isicelo e emkhakheni othize isayensi, ezithintekile eziyisisekelo izinhlobo ezinyakazayo. Njengomthetho, lezi zindlela basonta Mechanics, i-chemistry, i-physics, i-biology, kanti ezinye humanities.

Naphezu ezihlukahlukene izindlela cognition elisetshenziswa ehlukahlukene kanye nobuchwepheshe, bonke ososayensi silwele ekufezeni umgomo ofanayo - ukwenza isithombe esinembile zomhlaba ngangokunokwenzeka. Cishe, esikhathini esizayo esiseduze bangase baphumelele.