Njengoba ekuqaleni ngokuthi, Apple? Creation kanye nokuthuthukiswa Apple

Apple Inc ( "Apple") - inkampani nge idumela ekhethekile. Ngenxa itheknoloji, ezehlukile izinga futhi ngenxa yobuhle Umklamo walo imikhiqizo, inkampani isibe yangempela ehlelo elithile evulela umthengi electronic. Amaphilisi kanye computer siqu, amafoni, umculo abadlali, inkampani isofthiwe Apple - konke zithandwa kuzo zonke izingxenye zomhlaba. Lwenza lokhu inkampani edume? Ubani waba ngungqondongqondo ngemuva ukubonakala kwawo? Njengoba ekuqaleni ngokuthi, Apple? Konke lokhu wena izofunda lesi sihloko.

Igama lokuqala enhlanganweni

"Apple" Apple logo isibe omunye liyabonakala kakhulu emhlabeni. namahlebezi amaningi nama-legends mayelana negama layo. Phakathi inguqulo evamile anezinye ezithakazelisayo ngempela. Mayelana nendlela Apple ekuqaleni ngokuthi inkampani, akukho ukungavumelani. Ngokomthetho igama lokuqala inkampani - Apple Computer. It likhona ngaphansi kwaleli gama iminyaka engu-30, kwaze kwaba yilapho uqambe kabusha nje Apple. Lesi sinyathelo kwaba ngempela okunengqondo, ngesikhathi inkampani ukhiqiza hhayi computer kuphela. Futhi yingakho inkampani wathola "apula" igama? Mayelana nalesi kamuva.

Kungani Apple?

Ngokusho kwenye inguqulo, Stiv Dzhobs banquma ukuyeka ngesikhathi "apula" igama ngoba ibekwe ngokuzenzakalelayo ku-Umugqa wokuqala telucingo, ngokushesha ngaphambi igama Atari lenkampani - nomkhiqizi imidlalo ye-computer. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-apula efanekisela ubumsulwa emvelweni komkhiqizo. Apple ngomunye wabokuqala ukuze bavuselele izingxenye computer ubudala. Konke lokhu kuyiqiniso, kodwa uma ubheka logo lokuqala yenkampani, imibuzo mayelana nendlela Apple ekuqaleni ngokuthi, kungani wabhapathizwa ngaleyo ndlela, ngeke kube khona ezinye izimpendulo. Uphawu ale Nhlangano wayeyindoda lapha ehlezi phansi kwesihlahla, ku laso hung esongelayo apula. Uzungu kuyinto okusikhumbuza ka-Isaac Newton, angithi? Ngakho, igama lenkampani lasikisela kakhudlwana futhi wit into engavamile esivela Abadali zayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, waseBhayibhelini kuyofikwa ku igama lenkampani. Abalunyiwe apula lifanekisela isilingo. Futhi umugqa ezidumile zemikhiqizo Apple - Macintosh - owayemuhle wayebizwa ngokuthi izinhlobonhlobo apula, owavela ku kumdlali Dzhef Raskin.

Indlela Bonke baqala

Umlando kokudaliweyo Apple kubhebhethekiswe amahemuhemu nama-legends. Konke kwaqala emuva ngo-1970 lapho ababili abangane, Stiv Dzhobs futhi Stiv Voznyak, wadala microprocessor Based Mos Technology 6502 siqu computer. Kwaba Empeleni le umbadlana futhi wabheka unpresentable kakhulu. Nokho, abangane engumthengisi, esinye sazo asibiza (Wozniak) wayephiwe inhlakanipho i-electronics kanye yesibili (Imisebenzi) aba namanani aphawulekayo umthambo kwezohwebo, wakwazi ukuthengisa nedlanzana ezimbalwa imikhiqizo yayo. Nge imali ngo-1976, ngo-Ephreli 1, yabhaliswa ngokomthetho omusha enkampanini ukwenziwa siqu amakhompyutha. Ukuze ufunde indlela Apple ekuqaleni ngokuthi inkampani, esikwaziyo kakade.

I-computer kuzo zonke ekhaya

Ngo-1976-ke kwakhululwa microcomputer lokuqala 1. imikhiqizo Original Apple Apple kwakungelona wamavukelambuso. Ngo okufanayo kumakhompyutha wakhe siqu oluqanjwe Tandy Radio Shack futhi uKaputen. Nokho, kuyinto Apple Abadali baye wakwazi ukwenza umkhiqizo wabo acacile ngakho futhi efiselekayo kubantu owabathenga ubumnandi. Stiv Dzhobs owethulwa engqondweni somthengi umqondo wokuthi siqu ikhompyutha - le nto kuyadingeka kuzo zonke ekhaya. Wayeqiniseka ukuthi kukhompyutha isibe interesting nje kuphela electronics professional, kodwa futhi abantu abavamile. Apple uye wakwazi ukwenza brand ayo edume. isizukulwane lwamakhompyutha owenziwa kule nkampani yesibili, waba ethengisa kakhulu emhlabeni wonke. Ekuqa- kwawo-1970 nawo-1980 liye ithengiswe e-izimoto kwezigidi ezinhlanu ukuthi zavezwa ngaphansi Apple brand.

Izinkinga yokuthengisa

Ngo-1980, ihhovisi okwakukhona inkampani Apple, waba ngukumkani ukudideka futhi yokushintshashintsha. Steve Imisebenzi kwadingeka ukuba uphike ukuthi abasebenzi amane inkampani, kwakhululwa isizukulwane sesithathu amakhompyutha kwaba yibhadi kakhulu. Nokho, ngesikhathi esifanayo inkampani yenze wake kokuqala umnikelo umphakathi ngobukhulu exchange isitokwe. Kodwa ayizange ilondolozwe isimo. Cindezela wabikezela ukunyamalala okuseduze Apple. Ngo-1983, njengoba wenkampani Yayicelwe Skalli Dzhon, umphathi abanamakhono phezulu, owayengasinaki usesimweni esifana at PepsiCo. Phakathi ngungqondongqondo main ngemuva corporation, uSteve Imisebenzi, futhi umholi omusha ngokushesha waqala bezihlikihla.

ukuthuthukiswa yenkampani in the 1980

Ngo-1984, ukukhiqizwa yasekuqaleni inkampani Apple uye wanda umugqa yayo entsha-32-bit Macintosh amakhompyutha. Ukukhiqizwa nokudayiswa imishini enjalo emashumini eminyaka amabili ukukhomba imisebenzi esemqoka ye inkampani. Yathela amakhompyutha esekelwe Motorola izilimi ukukhwezwa nge indlela yokusebenza Apple is lihambisana kuphela uphawu imikhiqizo corporation. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinkampani kufanele isikhundla ngokwesiko oluqinile imfundo uhulumeni nezinhlangano, umklamo kanye nekushicilela. Ngemva kwesikhashana, Apple imzuzele a ehamba phambili ukuma umculo umkhakha. Inkampane yokuqala ibahlomisé imishini computer alo seligundvwane isikhombimsebenzisi sokuqhafaza. Ngo-1985, uRonald Reagan sokuthuthukiswa intuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe ukhishwa Wozniak futhi Imisebenzi izindondo.

Stiv Dzhobs

Ngo-1985, kwenzeka esinye isenzakalo esiyingqopha-mlando emlandweni Nhlangano. WabaSunguli of Apple - Stiv Dzhobs - Ngiye usephoqeleke ukuba abaleke ke ngenxa yokungavumelani nabaphathi. Lo muntu ihlukile intshiseko bahlanya, uhlamvu okungabekezeleleki, sasendle ongenazimiso charm Amazing. Wakwazi ugqozi craziest ibhizinisi. Kuphela Imisebenzi engacela ibhodi ukukhokha 750,000 dollar umqondisi newfangled (ye-Ridley Scott) ngokudubula isiqophi ukuthi likhangisa amakhompyutha Apple III, futhi akhokhe imali ethé xaxa ukuze super ezibizayo omunye ngomzuzu isikhathi emoyeni ngesikhathi Super Bowl e American football. imikhiqizo lokuqala Apple ngaleso sikhathi kwaba kunalokho mncintiswano. Kodwa eyathengwa! Kwathatha izinyanga ezimbalwa ukuze umthengi ukuqonda ukuthi yini ukugoqa ukukhangisa elikhanyayo kufihliwe ikhompyutha Okuqukethwe akuzwakali isikhombimsebenzisi omnyama nomhlophe kanye zonke izinhlelo, anamanci mahlanu. Indaba mayelana nendlela Imisebenzi crazy leaked imfihlo ucwaningo centre Xerox Parc wawarhola imibono ambalwa wamavukelambuso (ikhompyutha igundane, sombhalo, nokunye. D.), Ingabe namanje kakhulu ukwebiwa emikhulu emlandweni embonini computer. Nokho, izindlela ezisetshenziswa edume Apple wabasunguli, babe yasekuqaleni futhi. Ngakho-ke, uma ukuthengisa amakhompyutha Apple III kwehle kakhulu, uSteve Imisebenzi ngacelwa ukuba ngiphume inkampani.

ukuthuthukiswa Inkampani ngo-1990

Dzhona Skalli ubuholi ngu osendaweni ilungile futhi ngobuchwepheshe eliqinisekisiwe eyathatha iminyaka eminingi, i-Apple Corporation. Nokho, Kutfutfukiswa inkampani, behlisa unyaka nonyaka. Futhi ekupheleni kwawo-1990, icala lakhe yajika yaba yimbi kakhulu. Kwaphela iminyaka emibili (1995 no-1997) ukulahleka yokuthengisa rose kuya 1,86 dollar ayizigidi eziyinkulungwane. Apple ayedabula nezikhathi ezinzima. ngqondongqondo ngemibono yayo, uhlanya futhi owenza uSteve Imisebenzi umenywe. Wathatha waphinde wabhekana nomunye umdondoshiya sinyathelo ukuthuthukiswa inkampani. Waqala ukubheka entsha, hhayi ezihlobene ukukhiqizwa ubuchwepheshe bama-computer, izimakethe, futhi kule ndawo uvelile yena.

Isikhombi Soxhumanoningi revolution kowezi-2000

Chronicle imicimbi ngalesi sikhathi libukeka kanje:

• 2001 - isidlali somculo iPod - Apple wethulwa umthengi ephathekayo media player. Wathumba izingqondo Ubukhulu okungenani kanye nezici umxhwele.
• 2003 - iTunes Store - inkampani ivule esitolo multimedia inthanethi lapho ngenkokhelo ongatheni, ungalanda okuqukethwe kwabezindaba AAC format, okudlalekayo kumadivayisi we-Apple.
• 2007 - iPhone - inkampani langena emakethe nefoni yabo ephathekayo. Lokhu smartphone isikrini sokuthinta ishanelwe kusukela emashalofini mali. He is ethandwa kakhulu kuze kube manje.

namuhla

Esikhathini 2010s igunya Apple emkhakheni multimedia ubuchwepheshe isibe waqaphela futhi obungenakuphikwa. Ukuze ngokuqondile bezimisa kulo mkhakha, ke ukhiphe ngo-2010 I-Tablet PC, i-iPad abadumile. Lokhu yokuthengisa umkhiqizo kakhulu walwaphula amarekhodi. Izinsuku ezingu-28, kuye kwathengwa amaphilisi abangaphezu kwesigidi. Ukuze uqhathanise, le-iPhone kuqala wathenga cishe kathathu kancane. Uphawu yisigidi, zamnqoba izinsuku 72. Stiv Dzhobs umangalele ukuthi ngosuku lokuqala ke ithengiswe ayizinkulungwane 300 IPad, akhishwa 250,000 izincwadi ngogesi futhi mayelana 1 million izicelo. Ngemva nesidingo engakaze yenziwe imikhiqizo sezimali Apple kuye kwaba ngcono kakhulu. Ngo-2011, yena wayebhekwa njengoba corporation eqolo ngemakethe ofeleba, kuyomfica ngalesi inkampani kawoyela owaziwa ExxonMobil. Ngo-2012, ukukhula enanini Apple ukwabelana kwafinyelela umvuthwandaba - 705,07 zamadola. Nokho, ngo-2013 wetimali tetimakethe inkampani Sehle ngo 37,6% bese manje njalo ulwela isihloko izinkampani kakhulu eqolo emhlabeni nge ExxonMobil.

Le nkampani njalo kusimangaze umthengi imikhiqizo ezintsha. Ngo-2013, i-Apple ezikhishwe-64-bit ezimbili-core-ku asekelwe sekhompiyutha. Ngo-2014, imakethe has idivayisi entsha siqu - Apple iwashi Buka.

indlunkulu Apple

Lake - edolobheni lapho inkampani Apple, elise -Silicon Valley. indlunkulu Corporate ngezinye izikhathi ibizwa ngokuthi "campus" ngenxa yobukhulu enkulu futhi zifana kuya esewonke of America. Kuthatha cishe ayisithupha kweshumi izakhiwo. Ngo eziyisithupha elikhulu kubo, emgwaqweni Infinite Loop, kunamahhovisi main. Ziyakwazi ubuso Apple. Lapha, wonke akucela "acabange ngokuhlukile": amakamelo elikhanyayo, avimbekile the-art ubuchwepheshe, lab, okuyinto ihlolwe umsakazo engenantambo, amabhodi kanye basebuhlotsheni amahholo omkhulu ukukhanya-enezikhukhula. Kukhona futhi ukuzivocavoca, amathilomu kanye esitolo ngokuthengisa imikhiqizo uphawu, okuyinto kweso badayise amafu zezivakashi. Indawo lapho Apple itholakala, maduze ukungezwa campus yesibili, eyenzelwe 13 eziyinkulungwane. Man. Kuzoba efana ukukhanya mkhathi esiliva. Ngaphakathi epaki ihlelelwe agxumeke. Lokhu ukubabulala umcabango yephrojekthi yasungulwa kokuzibandakanya ka Steve Imisebenzi.

Ngubani CEO Apple inkampani?

Ngo-August 2011, uSteve Imisebenzi kwadingeka balishiye leli yomnyango umongameli wenhlangano Apple ngenxa yezizathu zempilo. Kulo post kwafika CEO samanje inkampani - Tim Awe-Kuk. Ngemuva kokushiya noMphefumleli main ngemibono ukubaluleka Apple ukwabelana wawa 7%. Stiv Dzhobs wafa ngemuva kokugula isikhathi eside, October 5, 2011. Ukufa kwakhe isibe umcimbi resonant eyashukumisa umhlaba wonke. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, ibhizinisi hambisa kwenkampani ntshashintshe okuphumelela. Ngo-2013,, kwabikwa isibonelo ukuthi ngenxa yokuthi inani lemakethe Apple uwile cishe ekabili (kusuka 702 kuya 390 bhiliyoni US dollars), Tim Awe-Kuk ungashiya kokuthunyelwe kwakhe. Nokho, le nkampani namanje ekwazile uphucwe isikhundla okuholela emkhakheni umkhakha mobile futhi sikhulu kakhulu isidingo "apula" imikhiqizo sisalokhu siphakeme. Manje ngoba sewuyazi ukuthi lapho Apple itholakala khona, futhi hhayi kuphela.