Lake Poopo: incazelo kanye nezithombe

Lake Poopo - isimangaliso iplanethi yethu. Itholakala abaphakeme esikhathini ezintabeni mpumalanga yeNingizimu Melika, endaweni manje ebizwa ngokuthi Bolivia. ehlukile yayo itholakala iqiniso ukuthi okunosawoti, kanye yezimila nezilwane ezihlukahlukene echibini egcwele abakhileyo emangalisayo. Kwenzeka kanjani ukuba umuntu echibini ezimangalisayo ezifana benziwa kanjani okusezingeni eliphezulu e-Andes? Njengoba kubukeka manje?

Ezemfundo Poopo

Lapho ice age zokugcina siphelile futhi wakudala zaqala ukugcwala amanzi eqhweni, engxenyeni sezintaba eNingizimu neMelika akha omkhulu echibini glacial Ballivyan. Kancane kancane loma futhi mayelana 11 ayizinkulungwane. Eminyakeni eminingi edlule lahlukaniswa laba amachibi eziningana. Umhlangano omkhulu kunayo yonke kubo, ekhona futhi manje - lena abadumile Titicaca, okuyinto edonsela izivakashi ezivela kuwo wonke umhlaba. Eyesibili Elikhulu kunawo wonke kwakuyiSonto Lake Poopo.

Ngemuva kokuwa ichibi kolwandle wasala ngaphandle isixhumanisi zemvelo ukuze izilwandle zomhlaba. Waba nkinga futhi ukugcwalisa kwakuxhomeke kuphela ezingeni kwezulu. Desaguadero - kuphela Poopo amanzi emfuleni yokuxhuma nezwe elingaphandle - sivela Titicaca omkhulu futhi uthululela ku Poopó.

Likuphi ichibi?

Poopo kungabonwa kumephu yeNingizimu Melika. Ukuxhumanisa ezindawo lendawo: 18 ° 46'55 "S. w., 67 ° 01'29 "W. Dr. Altitude -. 3700 amamitha. Njengezinye eziningi amachibi mpumalanga yeNingizimu Melika, Poopo kuyinto ukwakheka ekhethekile Geological adalwe imvelo phansi olwandle wangaphambili. Ukuvela okusheshayo Andes yokhalo Poopo ephakanyiswe an ukuphakama lungafinyeleleki - ngakho echibini lalihlukene nezwe elingaphandle.

Hydrology

amanzi Ukwakheka echibini uhlukile - angaphezulu aqukethe usawoti ongaba ngokungavamile okusezingeni eliphezulu kwenza kube engafanele niyaphuza noma ukusetshenziswa e yasendlini. nosawoti lokuhlushwa iba ezimba e phakathi nesikhathi sesomiso kanye okushisa aphakeme. Kodwa engxenyeni esenyakatho kwesigubhu kukhona endaweni encane ngamanzi ahlanzekile - lena indawo lapho umfula Desaguadero ageleza. Zonke ezinye izinga likasawoti lokuhlushwa uyahluka "okusezingeni eliphezulu" futhi "eliphezulu kakhulu".

Salt Lake amanzi ukugcwaliswa - ukubaluleka variable. Mhlawumbe ngesinye isikhathi kuyoba okusezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu, kwesinye - ngeke uhambe ngalé imingcele evamile. Ngokusho kokuma, izinyanga ezimbili entwasahlobo (October-November), umehluko usawoti lokuhlushwa phakathi ingxenye wasenyakatho nowaseningizimu futhi we Poopó kwaba-300%.

Esinye isici esibalulekile ezithinta izinga usawoti kwechibi kukhona ezifakwa eseduze amaminerali kanye usawoti emaxhaphozini ngakwesokunxele ngemva kwechibi lasendulo Ballivyan. Kuye izimo sezulu kasawoti emaxhaphozini izingcezu kungenzeka ngokukhululekile kube leached edwaleni, okwenza lokuhlushwa amanzi nosawoti Poopo ngisho ephakeme.

Biota

Amanzi echibini vuma esiyingqayizivele zinhlobo izinhlanzi: eyikati Mauri, ISPR, Karachi. Phakathi nekhulu le-Athazeksesi, ichthyologists usuqalile inqubo ukufuya Atlantic silverside kanye rainbow trout. Ngenxa yemizamo lososayensi Lake Bolivia Poopo ungumthombo ukudoba ezakhamuzini imizana eseduze yilezi: izinhlanzi izinhlanzi, adle futhi sipho ukudayiswa.

Esinye isici kwenza Poopo ikhange ikakhulukazi izivakashi. Minyaka yonke, izinkulungwane izinyoni ezifudukayo ezitholakala osebeni lwechibi yokukhosela yesikhashana. Nge nokuqala kwenkathi, izivakashi zingathola ukubukela engaphezu kuka amathathu zezinyoni ezifudukayo futhi kufika zinhlobo kweshumi kwezinyoni zendawo. Lake Poopo - kuphela Indawo le gull zase-Andes, oystercatchers Bird, Condor Andes nezinhlobo eziningana sendawo ukuthi kufanele ezisohlwini International Red Book. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izivakashi ungakwazi ukujabulela ubuhle ezingavamile we umbukwane oyingqayizivele flamingo echibini Poopo. Ake ubone ngeso lengqondo lezi zinyoni ezimangalisayo ngokuvamile kuhlobisa emakhasini nakomagazini bemvelo.

Izitshalo imelelwa ezihlukahlukene nezihlahla, utshani, Cacti. Ukukhangana main we Poopo emhlabeni kungaba sibala izinhlobo ezimbalwa ipheya prickly, iningi lazo ongeke ukwazi esikhathini izimbali ezinhle ngempela.

umlando ezifihliwe

Budebuduze ogwini kuyabonakala Poopo oketukayo amabhlogo itshe. umsuka wabo - nomsebenzi wezandla zabantu, ngoba zonke block isici abushelelezi, futhi ukuma itshe liseduze kakhulu ebhokisini elifanele. amabhlogo Okufanayo Lokudabuka yokufakelwa itholakala empumalanga Titicaca. Ngokwazi siyazi, sina ucwaningo bemivubukulo endaweni awazange kwenziwe, ngakho ubunjalo ezinkulu ongaqondakali kuseyimpicabadala.

Manje lweLake Poopo abantu abavamile siphile, iningi labo ukusebenza ezimayini - kule ndawo ngempela eziningi amaminerali. Kodwa izinga lokuphila endaweni lingaphansi kakhulu kwesilinganiso eLatin America. Izinga usizo lwezomthetho kanye wezokwelapha - omunye aphansi kuleli zwe, futhi isilinganiso sobude bokuphila kwabantu kuyinto iminyaka engu-58 kuphela ubudala. Futhi akusiwona kuphela ngenxa umsebenzi okhandlayo. Ngaphezu okuqukethwe eliphezulu usawoti, echibini Poopo isimanga emakamu eliphezulu of izinsimbi ezisindayo - arsenic, i-zinc-cadmium, ichibi amanzi is ibe ingxube alufakwa, ngawo abantu ushevu sifo iyafa ngokushesha. Akusizi amanzi ngisho amazwe fresh - e zikhathi zesomiso echibini pair kanye emoyeni emaphashini zabantu abahlala lapha. izinsimbi ezisindayo buthelela emzimbeni, okubangela ukufa okusheshayo. Ubuthi lingena ngokusebenzisa esiswini: inhlanzi ophila echibini, umane afuthwe ngesibulali izinsimbi ezisindayo. Ngenxa yalokho bamukela noma kule ndawo ekujaheni.

iphele echibini

Ekuqaleni kuka-2016, ososayensi ka-European Space Agency baye bahlabe umkhosi - Lake Poopó uye ayahwamuka, wanyamalala nebalazwe. Ukuhlaziywa ezinkulungwane izithombe othathwe satellite, waqinisekisa uphethwe sad - esikhathini esizayo esiseduze eliyingqayizivele echibini Poopo inganyamalala kusukela ebusweni bomhlaba. Le ndawo kwamanzi kwehle ngo izikhathi eziyishumi - ne square metres, iyizinkulungwane ezingamakhulu amathathu, ngokuvumelana uphawula 2014 ukuze izikwele amathathu lingalingani ngo-January 2016. Okunjalo ososayensi ESA nenhlekelele elihlobene ne izinkinga zemvelo kule ndawo. On ukubuyiselwa echibini, ososayensi iphrojekthi ukuthi kuzothatha iminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amabili. Futhi uma nesomiso ngalesi sikhathi ngeke eze futhi ngeke zinqanda ukukhula kobuso amanzi. Kungakhathaliseki lezi zibikezelo zagcwaliseka - isikhathi uzokutshela.