Kude Afrika. Resources Yemvelo e-Afrika

Leli zwekazi ngobukhulu emhlabeni. Eyesibili emaningi. Leli zwekazi, okuyinto has a zigcine ezinkulukazi ngempela amaminerali nezinye imithombo yemvelo ngokungadingekile. Lapho kwazalelwa isintu. Afrika.

Ingxenye yesithathu yokukhanya

ezimbili kuphela izingxenye zomhlaba ezikhona imibono ngokunqoba kwamaGreki asendulo - eYurophu nase-Asia. Ngaleso sikhathi, i-Afrika wayaziwa ngokuthi Libya bese iphathwa elilodwa noma ezinye. amaRoma kuphela emva kokunqotshwa iCarthage seyaziwa ngokuthi isifundazwe endaweni manje ebizwa ngokuthi i-North-East Africa ngalelo gama. Ezinye izindaba zika-indawo ezaziwayo zaleli zwekazi eningizimu ngamabizo Libya neTopiya, kodwa kamuva kwaba khona eyodwa kuphela. Ngesikhathi esifanayo Afrika kwabulawa okwesithathu emhlabeni. BaseYurophu bese Arabhu sase sebesazi kuphela ezweni lasenyakatho kuleli zwekazi, izingxenye eningizimu abengeziwe ahlukaniswe grand ogwadule eSahara, enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni.

Ngemva kokuqala baseYurophu wamakoloni wasithatha lonke izwe Afrika isibe umphakeli enkulu yezigqila. Amakoloni ensimini yaleli zwekazi ungazange savela, kodwa sasingababonayo amandla iqoqo amaphuzu kuphela.

Qala ukuzimela

Isimo saqala ukushintsha kancane kusukela yekhulu nesishiyagalolunye, lapho ubugqila uyekwa emazweni amaningi. BaseYurophu alalelwa Holdings zabo kule Afrika izwekazi. emazweni imithombo yemvelo elawulwa Udlule nomthamo wamakoloni uthi ngokwabo. Nokho, ukuthuthukiswa kwenziwa ezindaweni ezinabantu iningi amazwekazi aseNyakatho naseNingizimu Afrika. Ezinye izindaba zika-indawo yemvelo cishe intombi babebhekwa njengabantu ithuba i iholide angavamile. Iningi emikhulu safari ihlelwe ku leli zwekazi oholele ukushabalala mass ezinkulu ezizingelayo, obhejane nezindlovu. Ngemva kwempi yezwe yesibili, amazwe cishe yonke Afrika yathola uzimele geqe wakubo baqala ukusebenzisa ngokugcwele amakhono abo. Kodwa ngaso sonke isikhathi kube nemiphumela emihle, ngezinye izikhathi izimo zemvelo kanye nemithombo Afrika zimbi kakhulu ngenxa ukusetshenziswa kwabo engenangqondo indoda.

Ingcebo futhi lihlaselwa ukweswela njengokungathi kwemithombo yamanzi

Imifula elikhulu Afrika zitholakala maphakathi nangasentshonalanga zaleli zwekazi. Lezi emifuleni - eCongo, Niger, iZambezi - baphakathi kwabacebile kakhulu nemifula emikhulu kunayo yonke emhlabeni. Umbuso wasenyakatho ingxenye enkulu yezwekazi lase is ushiyiwe cishe ngokuphelele kanye Ukoma kwemithombo emfuleni lapho zigcwele amanzi ngenkathi yezimvula kuphela. Abahlukile zonke nomfula omude kunayo Nile emhlabeni. Iqala abahlala engxenyeni ephakathi ye-izwekazi neziphambano ehlane Kunawo Wonke Emhlabeni - eSahara, ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa abami yayo. Afrika kubhekwa ezwekazini, la ezihlwempu kwemithombo yamanzi. Lenchazelo osebenza ku lonke izwekazi, ngokuba ngesilinganiso kwe-avareji. Phela, engxenyeni ephakathi ye-Afrika, isimo sezulu enkabazwe kanye sub-bhé, wanika yamanzi amaningi. A enyakatho ehlane emazweni bayahlupheka yokuntuleka kwamanzi oyingozi. Ngemva ukuzimela e-Afrika boom ubunjiniyela wokubacindezela, Dam kanti ichibi ezakhiwa ngezinkulungwane. Kodwa ngokuvamile, imithombo yamanzi yemvelo e-Afrika kukhona yesibili emhlabeni ilandela ngemuva Asia.

izwe lase-Afrika

Isimo sezwe Afrika kufana namanzi. On the (enyakatho) ohlangothini olulodwa - sekuyahwalala ehlane nokwethuka kungukuthi iphathwe. Futhi ngakolunye - le nhlabathi evundile kanye oswakanyiswe. Nokho, nalapha futhi kwenza siqu izinguquko phambi kwaso ezindaweni ezinkulu emahlathini asezindaweni ezishisayo, ogama ezindaweni engasetshenziselwa ezolimo. Kodwa lokhu Afrika. Natural Resources umhlaba lapha kubaluleke kakhulu. Isilinganiso endaweni umhlabathi olimekayo labantu lidlula inani Afrika Asia naseLatin America kabili. Nakuba ezolimo lisebenzisa amaphesenti amabili kuphela endaweni Imininingwane zaleli zwekazi. Njengoba sekuphawuliwe kakade, imithombo yemvelo ka-Afrika akuzona njalo okunengqondo. Kwamahlathi futhi okwalandela ukuguguleka kwenhlabathi ukusongela intuthuko ehlane kodwa nomhlabathi ovundile. Ikakhulukazi ekhathaza amazwe abahlala engxenyeni ephakathi ye zwekazi.

expanses ihlathi

izici indawo Afrika abathintekayo lokuthi enamahlathi amakhulu. Seventeen angu kwamahlathi emhlabeni zitholakala ezwekazini lase-Afrika. Izwe elithile eMpumalanga naseningizimu ocebile emahlathini omile asezindaweni ezishisayo, kanti enkabeni nasentshonalanga - ezimanzi. Kodwa ukusetshenziswa okunjalo izinqolobane omkhulukazi kushiya okuningi okufanele oyifunayo. Amahlathi ugawulwa, ngaphandle ekubuyiseleni kubo. Lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa khona izihlahla futhi ngeshwa kakhulu, ukusetshenziswa njengoba izinkuni. Cishe ayisishiyagalombili amaphesenti amandla emazweni lentshonalanga eCentral Africa etholwe emva izihlahla esivuthayo.

izici Jikelele izidubedube

Izinto ezingokwemvelo e-Afrika kukhona yokuthi bekwazi kahle khona kuka kwesinye isizukulwane mainlanders. Kodwa kuphela uma yokwanda kwenani lokucubungula amabhizinisi. Ngemva cishe ayisishiyagalombili amaphesenti zonke ezikhishwe izidubedube komhlaba lithunyelwa kwamanye amazwekazi kucutshungulwe. Kodwa ukujula izwe lase-Afrika kubonakala nje ngomqondo truest izwi. Ngemva amakota ezingaphezu kwezintathu yabantu emhlabeni ezimayini zegolide lwenzeka yaleli zwekazi. Diamonds emhlabeni ngaphandle yaleli zwekazi limbiwa angaphansi kwamaphesenti amathathu. Abangaphezu kwesigamu ore manganese, chromite futhi ayibe kuthiwa misela e-Afrika. Okukodwa idwala phosphate kanye nokwe-uranium ezinemisebe futhi akhishwa angaphakathi kuleli zwekazi. Futhi imithombo yemvelo lweNyakatho Afrika zihlanganisa inothile hydrocarbon.

Izinto ezingokwemvelo aseNingizimu Afrika Ephakathi

Indawo enomkhiqizo wokumbiwa phansi ukunquma izici isakhiwo zomhlaba zaleli zwekazi ngokuthi Afrika. izinsiza Zemvelo ingxenye eseningizimu nemaphakathi ocebile ore amaminerali amadayimane. Ezindaweni ezimaphakathi zaleli zwekazi ocebile izinqolobane zethusi bauxite. Kutholwe nje ngasentshonalanga ezifakwa bauxite. Nsimbi ocebile eningizimu eningizimu-ntshonalanga Afrika. Kodwa omunye ingcebo main zaleli zwekazi - amatshe ayigugu kanye namatshe ayigugu. Natural Resources South Africa amumethe imikhando ocebile platinum kanye igolide. Futhi phezulu global ezinhlanu ngokuya ukukhiqizwa idayimane amazwe amathathu ase-Afrika. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izwe ocebile kakhulu uranium-ore.

South Africa

Izwe abacebe kuleli zwekazi omunye abacebe kakhulu emhlabeni kuyinto eNingizimu Afrika. Ngokuvamile, kuba athuthukile izimayini zamalahle. Imali ke cishe eligcizelela ukubukeka kwangaphandle, ngakho izindleko zokukhiqiza sincane kakhulu. amaphesenti ayisishiyagalombili amandla kagesi ekhiqizwa kuleli sendawo izitshalo amandla ezishisayo, isebenzisa leli amalahle ezishibhile. Izinto zenani elikhulu zomuntu izwe unikeze ezifakwa-platinum zegolide, idayimane, imanganisi, chromite namanye amaminerali. Oil - Cishe omunye wemithombo ambalwa abacebile eNingizimu Afrika. Izinsiza engokwemvelo isikhungo zwekazi ikakhulukazi enyakatho, kunalokho, ukuthi ibe nabayimele elikhulu hydrocarbon.

Izinto ezingokwemvelo North Africa

rocks sedimentary enyakatho ocebile, uwoyela negesi izwekazi. Libya, isibonelo, has angaba mathathu zigcine ezweni. IMorocco, Algeria noPhuthi, ezonini North elise ezifakwa phosphorite. Lezi ezifakwa icebe kakhulu kukhona ekhishwe amaphesenti angaphezu kuka ayisihlanu emhlabeni phosphate idwala. Futhi eduze kwe-Atlas ezintabeni esitokisini esikhulu imikhando polymetallic equkethe zinc, okuhola futhi ayibe, futhi molybdenum.