Izithelo angiosperms kwakhiwa kusukela esibelethweni pistil

utamatisi Juicy, ipheya elimnandi, isithelo elomile carambola exotic - konke lokhu kungenziwa ngokuthi umuntu ibinzana - ". isithelo angiosperms" Kwakheka kusukela imbali, futhi sisetshenziswa kabanzi ngomuntu empilweni yakhe. Kangakanani ukwakheka komzimba izitshalo, kuxoxwa ngokuningiliziwe kulesi sihloko.

Yini izitshalo angiosperms

Angiosperms okwamanje ukubamba isikhundla evelele emhlabeni. lokhu umbuso Division isitshalo seliphindeke izikhathi ezingaphezu kuka-250 eziyinkulungwane zilwane. Leyo izinga isandiso baye izuzwe sibonga izici okuqhubekayo oyiyo. Basuke izimpawu khona izitho okuzala ukuveza - imbali, kokukhulelwa double. Phindaphinda lezi zitshalo vegetative hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi esebenzisa imbewu. Izithelo angiosperms kumiswa imbali.

Izici kokukhulelwa kabili nezitshalo eziqhakazayo

The main izingxenye nemisebenzi yokusetshenziswa imbali kukhona stamen lapho asathuthuka germ cells besilisa pistil. Kule ngxenye kukhona gamete besifazane futhi central lwegciwane cell. Inqubo sokukhulelwa e izitshalo zom landulelwa impova. Siqukethe ku ukudluliselwa impova evela engxenyeni anther ukuze inhlamba of the stamens pistil. Le nqubo kwenzeka umoya, amanzi, izinambuzane noma abantu.

Izithelo angiosperms kwakhiwa kusukela engxenyeni engezansi enwetshiwe we pistil ngokuthi esibelethweni. Amabili isidoda abahilelekile kokukhulelwa. Uma ku inhlamba, abakwazi ukuthutha ngokuzimela e esibelethweni we pistil. Lokhu kwenziwa lwegciwane amashubhu. Kancane kancane uyakhula phansi - kusukela inhlamba ngokusebenzisa ikholomu esibelethweni. Futhi uya phansi kanye pair of gametes besilisa. Isakhiwo imbali ingafaniswa lift kwesakhiwo ezinezitezi eziningi.

Ukufinyelela esibelethweni eyodwa spermatozoon ziyahlangana uxhuma iqanda ukwakha nombungu imbewu. Kuyo zonke lezi zinto ziyingxenye esizayo zalesi sihlahla. Lokhu-embryonic impande, kuba isihloko sesiqu, leaf futhi gemmule. Owanikela ngesidoda yesibili fuses ne central lwegciwane cell. Ngenxa uxhumano yabo Kumiswa endosperm, esebenza njengesikhali izakhi Reserve. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kwakheka ngaphakathi imbewu izithelo. It siqukethe le umbungu, bese kuvela endosperm ungqimba ikhasi. YeNzalo izitho okuzala zezimbali.

Isithelo in angiosperms

Omunye izici ezithuthukile ezimila eziqhakazayo ukuthi imbewu yabo avikelekile. Kusukela izithelo angiosperms kwakhiwa kusukela pestle esibelethweni ukuvikela izingange zalo ngaphakathi imbewu ekuthuthukiseni kuzo zonke kwezimo zendawo ezimbi. Lokhu izitho okuzala izitshalo siqukethe imbewu kanye pericarp, okuyinto yena, yakhiwa izingqimba ezintathu: elingaphandle, maphakathi kanye kwangaphakathi. Kuye isakhiwo ukuhlukanisa izithelo ezomile kanye namanzi. Ngokwesibonelo, i-cherry and iplamu drupe ine membranous yangaphandle, aphakathi esinamanzi futhi izingqimba ossified kwangaphakathi.

Ngenxa yakha izithelo angiosperms

Ngo iningi amacala, i-fetus e angiosperms eba kusukela odongeni esibelethweni we pistil. Kulokhu, ibizwa ngokuthi okwamanje. Izibonelo izakhiwo ezinjalo ziyathandeka drupe, berry, emabhontjisi, ibhokisi, achene. Nokho, uma e ukwakheka izithelo kungamaphethelo balwe futhi ezengeziwe imbali, ke kungamanga. Lokhu kungase proliferating ayesisebenzisa, Calyx. izithelo Amanga agcwele amanzi apula polyspermic, okuyinto sici hhayi nje ngobe kutawutfutfukisa omele eponymous Rosaceae umndeni, kodwa nezalo Quince, mountain ash, zasendle rose, hawthorn, irgi. Zonke ajwayelekile omnyama obomvu currant, elderberry, ugqumugqumu, cranberry, dogwood akheke ngendlela efanayo.

Sakhiwo Ukwahlukaniswa izithelo

Ngoba izithelo angiosperms ivela ingxenye imbali, ukwakheka oxhumene yabo. Kulula ukufakazela. Ngokwesibonelo, uma pestle e imbali, walibumba is the inani elifanayo izithelo ezilula. Esimweni lapho esibelethweni amaningi tho ndawonye, ukwakha isitho eziyinkimbinkimbi okuzala. Lokhu kwenzeka ngesikhathi ama-raspberry. Lokhu izithelo - umphumela Fusion inqwaba drupes. Futhi strawberry kanye sitrobheli nati encane afakwa ku aluhlaza futhi meaty base ayesisebenzisa.

Izithelo yahlanganiswa ngeenqhema ezi ngezizathu eziningana. Eyokuqala inani imbewu. In the yesibili - ikakhulukazi isakhiwo sale pericarp. Ngokusho isici okokuqala ehlukanisa esalisekela (drupe, achene) kanye izithelo polyspermous (amajikijolo, capsule). Ngokusho isici sesibili - namanzi (orange ebabayo, ithanga), futhi omile (emabhontjisi, ziyadliwa).

Okusho izithelo ngokwemvelo

Izithelo zibalulekile kakhulu ukusatshalaliswa imbewu isitshalo zisakaza. Nge igobolondo namanzi futhi esihlwabusayo zokuzivikela, zingabantu uswidi lusetshenziswa izilwane eziningi. Ukudla izithelo, ezidla uhlaza kanyekanye ukusabalalisa imbewu, ezihambayo bengonozulane. pericarp zogqinsi isivikelo imbewu kusuka izinguquko ezimweni zemvelo, izinga lokushisa ezihlukile, ukuntuleka umswakama nokufudumala. sekuyisikhathi eside umuntu wasebenzisa isithelo esiyothola ukudla, eyayenziwe ezifuywa izinhlobo eziningi izithelo, amajikijolo, amakhabe kanye amaselwa nefolishi izitshalo. Minyaka yonke, abalimi, ososayensi udala izinhlobo ezintsha zezitshalo ezithela eliphezulu.

Ngakho angiosperm izithelo izindonga kwakhiwa kusukela pistil esibelethweni nezinye imbali izingxenye: isitsha esiwuphondo noma carpels. Kunoma ikuphi, isithelo kuwumphumela ukuthuthukiswa imbali, kokukhulelwa double , futhi uba isitshalo esiphelweni.