Ontology - isayensi yefilosofi kokuba umuntu futhi nomphakathi wonkana.

Zisuka nje, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi abantu abangekho zefilosofi professional kanye kude le isayensi hhayi niqonde ukuthi etadisha ontology nokuthi lokhu konke isayensi. Ngakho kuyinkimbinkimbi futhi iyadida ke yazyk.No wesayensi zefilosofi, lapho akunakubangelwa eyala ezifana ontology, kuba into engavamile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zonke sefilosofi ephikelela ukuqonda kwakhe uhlelo, ngokuvamile imiphumela yayo ukuziba lonke. Sifaka ukuthi izazi zefilosofi ngokwabo ezeni ukuthi kukhona inzuzo kusukela ontologii.Chto ngokuvamile babeqonda i ontology? I-Science wokuba, mayelana nezidalwa, waphakade, izimiso abstract kakhulu futhi jikelele lokuba, ngokuphelele, akaguquki futhi t.d.Chto izifundo ontology? Uma ontos ngesiGreki - nenhlalakahle, le ontology isayensi okukhona? Kubonakala sengathi yonke into ilula. Kodwa kungenzeka ukuhlonza isihloko isayensi kusukela igama layo?

Esikhathini izincwadi wefilosofi ontology kuba lase ifilosofi, abe anaka jikelele, kumuntu-ezimele, izimiso kanye izisekelo ukuphila. Kusho ukuthini lokho? Yini ukuba? Yini kungaba nezimiso ezisebenza kubo bonke futhi izisekelo? Abeve azikwazi ukuncika kumuntu? Futhi lokho kusho ukuthini khona noma ukuba? Ngicabanga ukuthi wonke Iphuzu liwukuthi ngaphandle ucwaningo kuncike ontology enemininingwane, okungukuthi, ngaphandle impendulo yombuzo othi, "Yini ukutadisha ontology?", Ngaphandle kokuhlola izimiso ukuthi lihlukaniswe nezinye izindawo ulwazi, noma iyiphi incazelo ontology ngeke kube ngaphezu iqoqo lamagama lutho, akukho kuka aveze owakhe umbono avtora.No siqu kulesi sihloko iDemo siye ungafaki msebenzi. Ngakho-ke thina gcina thina ukuze ucishe iphuzu olusemthethweni umbono.

Ontology - a lase ifilosofi ukuthi study nenhlalakahle. Ngomqondo zakudala i ontology kuyinto nolwazi obschem.Odnim kakhulu izimpikiswano eyinhloko ontology: kukhona umqondo oyinhloko le isayensi: nenhlalakahle, ukunyakaza, isikhathi, isikhala, uhlobo khona (ekuphileni, ephelele, izinto) indlela izakhiwo struktura.Takim ontology uzama endleleni jikelele kakhulu ukuchaza yonke ka okukhona, kungagcini kulezi wesayensi ethize, futhi kungase kungabi reducible ukuba nim.Voprosy setha ontology - ingqikithi wefilosofi endala kakhulu, obuhlehlela emuva Parmenides nezinye dos okratikam. Ifaka isandla esibalulekile ngokombono ukuthuthukiswa ontology owethulwa Aristotle uPlato.

I ifilosofi Ephakathi inkinga emaphakathi ontological kwaba, ukuthi kukhona izinto abstract (universals) .Ngaphezu nefilosofi kwekhulu XX nezindaba ontological ngokukhethekile wahlanganyela zefilosofi ezilandelayo :. Nikolay Gartman, Martin Heidegger, futhi abanye nefilosofi yesimanje ye ekhethekile isithakazelo inkinga ontology soznaniya.Chto izifundo ontology Ayinhloko? isihloko lokhu isayensi wenziwa lichazwa ngokuthi ubunye ukuphelela zonke izinhlobo ngokoqobo: inhloso, virtual, ezenhlalo, subjective, thina ngokwesiko fizicheskoy.Realnost ukuba zihlele ukuzijabulisa okunempilo namanye ndaba (kulomhlaba) futhi umoya (ezweni lemimoya, kuhlanganise nombono wokuthi indawo imiphefumulo, Nkulunkulu) futhi ihlukanise (materialists) ku bukhoma, thinta futhi somphakathi (okuyinto luhambisana nomthwalo icala futhi sibheke umuntu ngokuthi umuntu ongeyena umuntu ngokuvamile). Ngokukhathalela kweqiniso ukuthi ungacabanga. okuphambene layo - lutho engacabangeki, kanye (e ifilosofi Aristotelian) namanje-hhayi-ekubeni kungenzeka. Esikhathini esidlule existentialism leminyaka phenomenology ka ezikhonjwe ne ndoda njengoba kwezidalwa kuphela ikhono lokucabanga futhi ukubuza umbuzo khona.

Nokho, Metaphysics zasendulo ngokuba kuqondakala nguNkulunkulu. Abantu abafana ukuba, befuna futhi svobodoy.Sotsialnaya ontology - isifundiso khona emphakathini. Esikhathini incazelo yesimanje - isifundiso khona emphakathini, okuhlanganisa nokufundisa mayelana indoda, ngabantu, kuhlobene e zabo yokuzibeka.