I degree of namachibi nitrogen - ukufunda idili

Nitrogen - mhlawumbe ezivamile isici kwamakhemikhali Solar System. Ukuze ucacise kabanzi, nitrogen esibalwa 4th ezivamile. Nitrogen ngokwemvelo - igesi engaxubani namakhemikhali.

Lokhu igesi ayinakho imibala, akukho ukuhogela, kunzima kakhulu ukuncibilikisa emanzini. Nokho, ama-nitrate nama, nosawoti bavame ukuphendula kahle ngamanzi. Nitrogen lunesibalo ongaphakeme.

Nitrogen - elementi isimanga. Kukhona kokuqagela ukuthi ithole igama layo kusukela ulimi lwasendulo ngesiGreki, okungama-mean it "esingaphili spoilt." Kungani-ke ukuba nesimo sengqondo enjalo engaqondile ukuba nitrogen? Phela, siyazi ukuthi iyingxenye amaprotheni, futhi ephefumula ngaphandle cishe akunakwenzeka. Nitrogen linendima ebalulekile emvelweni. Kodwa lokhu gas umoya inert. Uma kuwukuthi ukuthatha leli uyini njengoba injalo yasekuqaleni, kungase eminingi engemihle. Isisulu angase afe ngisho ngenxa yokungawutholi umoya. Phela, ngoba nitrogen ngokuthi esingaphili ayisekeli omlilo noma emishinini yokuphefumula.

Ngaphansi kwezimo ezivamile, le gesi iyaphendula kuphela lithium ukwakha kwakwakhe ezifana lithium nitride Li3N. Njengoba sesibonile, degree of namachibi of nitrogen ekhuthaza enjalo 3. Nge nezinye izinsimbi nezithako ze-nitrogen, yebo, futhi azizwa ngayo, kodwa kuphela ngokubeka amalahle noma ngokusebenzisa yelikhono ezahlukene. By endleleni abakhuluma -3 - ngezinga engezansi namachibi nitrogen kusukela electron ezintathu kuphela edingekayo ukuze ugcwalise elingaphandle amazinga energy.

Le nkomba has lisho izinto ezihlukahlukene. Ngamunye degree of namachibi nitrogen has kwakwakhe yayo. compounds ezinjalo kangcono ukukhumbula nje.

Ngakho, inani namachibi ka -3 kungahle nitrides. I degree of namachibi of nitrogen ammonia futhi ilingana -3, sengathi kungase kubonakale nakuba. Ammonia yigesi kungekho nto enemibala emihle nge iphunga okunoshukela kakhulu. Khumbula ammonia. isakhiwo sayo sihlanganisa ammonia NH3. Khipha ngisho izidakamizwa i-ammonia. Ngokuyinhloko, ziboniswa yokufikelwa, isiyezi, ezinzima utshwala ukudakwa. iphunga pungent ngokushesha kuholela imizwa e isisulu. Noma kunjalo, ngemva zonke uzimisele ukwenza lutho kuye ukususa le "skunk".

Akuvamile abanjalo nitrogen namachibi degree -1, futhi -2. Esokuqala siku ku pernitridah okuthiwa, phakathi okuyinto kuyafaneleka N2H2. Izinga wokugcina namachibi kwenzeka NH2OH uxhumano. ekhuthaza ezinjalo eziyinkimbinkimbi eziguquguqukayo base ababuthakathaka. Ikakhulu elisetshenziswa zamagama organic.

Ake sibheke degrees ephakeme ka namachibi nitrogen, zazo kukhona ezimbalwa kakhulu. I degree of namachibi nitrogen kwenzeka kwelinye kwakwakhe ezifana nitrous oxide (N2O). Lapho inani elincane igesi is cishe ningagcini yini imiphumela emibi. Ngokuvamile isetshenziswa ngemithamo emincane ngoba izinto zokubulala izinzwa. Nokho, uma esikhathini lapho ephefumula lokhu igesi ngokwanele eside ke unga ukufa kusuka umoya.

I degree of namachibi of NO 2 atholakala kwakwakhe. I namachibi 3 - ku N2O3 oxide. I degree of namachibi of +4 - nitrous ukuze NO2. Lokhu igesi uba nombala iba nsundu ngokubomvu futhi iphunga okunoshukela. Kuyinto i-nitrous ene-asidi.

5 - degree ephakeme ka namachibi ngesikhathi nitrogen. Senzeka nitric acid , futhi zonke nosawoti, nitrate.