Izindlela psychodiagnostics

Psychodiagnostics - isayensi, okuyinto eba futhi ukufakwa izifo ngokwengqondo. Emzamweni ukuthuthukisa izimfanelo lomuntu, iziphi obonakaliswe umuntu mancane amathuba, kunomthelela egcwele psyche yakhe nokukhula. Futhi izindlela eziphumelela kakhulu psycho-ukuhlola - lokhu, esebenzisa lokho kungenzeka ukuzuza izinjongo ezibekwe ngenhla. Ngo Psychology, kukhona okuningi kubo. I ezinkulu, psychodiagnosis zakudala kubhekwe izindlela zokwelapha lapho ngesisekelo a leyehlukehlukene Ukuhlolisisa ifingqa idatha ehlukahlukene sitholakale. ukunakwa okuningi ikhokhelwa hhayi kuphela kwezakhi kangakanani ukuhlaziya imihlola izinga engqondo. Lezi izindlela ezidinga ukusetshenziswa psycho-ukuhlola umuzwa nesipiliyoni. Lezi zihlanganisa izindlela ezilandelayo inhlolovo: ingxoxo, ngokuqaphela, ukuhlolwa, ukuhlaziya imiphumela bokusebenza komuntu, ukuhlaziywa imisebenzi eqanjiwe.

Ingxoxo, isibonelo, kusiza ukuthola ulwazi subjective mayelana isimo sangaphakathi umuntu, ezicashile ukuziphatha ngenxa zokuxhumana ngomlomo. Phakathi iklayenti kanye wezifo livela sisondelene, kukhona ithemba ukuthi eminye has umphumela psychotherapeutic. uxhumano okunjalo ngeke likwazi ukunikeza ucwaningo umgomo. Kodwa ukuhlaziywa umsebenzi womuntu, lokusungula ngokuvamile nzima incazelo subjective. observation indlela kuyaqabukela eyenziwa ngokuzimela. Ngokuvamile kuhambisana yimuphi omunye uphethwe: ingxoxo, ukuhlolwa. amasu Projective e psycho-ukuhlola kukhona subjective. Inqubo ngokuziphatha kwabo futhi ukuchasiswa kunalokho angajwayelekile. Futhi kukhona, njengoba kuqhathaniswa nezindlela kwengqondo okudingekayo izibalo eqondile, kodwa akuqinisekisi ngokunemba iziphetho.

Ukuze lezi amasu ukuba siphumelele, isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo akumelwe kuphela professional, kodwa futhi ube ukucabanga, umuzwa, bakwazi ngendlela ekhethekile ukuze asondele esimweni ngasinye. Lezi zindlela psychodiagnostics banegama, ngoba ukuhlolwa basebenzisa zisekelwe isimiso ukudluliswa (projector) ezifisweni zabanye abantu nezici zikhona ntu, kodwa futhi ukuyiveza. amasu Projective wahlolwa ukwesaba main, kudingeka, izithakazelo, ubuntu orientation, bazisebenzisa ukuhlolwa adumile njengoba isivivinyo Rorschach, "isilwane nhlobo" Luscher, Tat, Rosenzweig. Ukuxilongwa imidwebo ziwusizo kakhulu ekutadisheni nezingane ezincane slabogovoryaschih. Inani futhi ine umqondo jikelele iphethini futhi ingxenye yayo encane kunazo zonke. ukuhlolwa Rorschach, isibonelo, inikeza examinee ukutshela ukuthi kunjani amabala ezinhlanu omnyama umbala ezinhlanu ezenziwe inki. Rosenzweig ukuhlolwa kunikeza isihloko umsebenzi 24 imidwebo esibonisa izingxabano, ukwengeza sipho uhlamvu ngalunye. Uhlaziyo yalezi imishwana lembula ezingeni komuntu ukucindezeleka futhi ubikezela ngokuziphatha kwayo ngesikhathi kushayisana. Imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwabo "isilwane engekho" senziwa okusekelwe indawo iphethini eshidini lephepha, wabuka ungenisa izibalo kanye izingxenye zomzimba wakhe. Ukuhlolwa, akhiwa wezengqondo baseSwitzerland, lethiwa - Luscher. Ngokusho indlela yakhe, umbala ngamunye sinenai ezingaguquki umthelela wabo indoda. Isihloko has ongakhetha kuzo 73 (isethi ephelele) noma 8 (isethi akuphelele) amakhadi anombala, zibekwe phezu iphepha elimhlophe phezu ofanayo kuze kube sekugcineni. Kumele siqale ngokuqonda umbala limnandi. Imibala ezokwenza kukhethwe kuqala, ibonisa ukuthi umuntu okhetha, uthanda, ukhethe impendulo yesibili - entweni ukuthi akanandaba, kanti owokugcina uyoba ngo - iqiniso lokuthi engawathandi. Ngakho, izindlela psycho-ukuhlola ukuze lisize nokuqonda azifani umuntu, ukuthambekela kwakhe nezisusa yezenzo.