Ithini impahla yayo, ithini i-ore

Tin - ikhemikhali okhonjiswe uphawu futhi Sn bohlanga ngezinto ukukhanya. Ngo evamile (Igumbi) lokushisa akasabeli enamaphutha-mpilo noma amanzi. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ikhono ukumboza ifilimu okhethekile, esivikela metal kusuka ukugqwala.

I kwabantu tin 20 ° C, 7.3 igremu ngayinye isentimitha cubic, ngesikhathi lokuncibilika ngesikhathi kuma lokushisa (231,9 ° C) - 6,98 amagremu ngamunye isentimitha cubic.

Tin ubukisa okulandelayo namachibi uthi: +2, +4. Izinga ezivamile 4, kodwa ngezinga tin 2 eyisidalwa esinenkululeko eqinile ukunciphisa.

Njengoba sekushiwo ngenhla, ithini uzinzile kunomoya-mpilo namanzi ekamelweni lokushisa, kodwa nokho oxidize can - ezingeni lokushisa ngenhla 150 ° C.

Evuthayo tin ihlangana kakhulu ze-non-izinsimbi zingase zisabele ngendlela ne-sulfuric acid, kodwa kuphela uma bagxila.

Ekuqhubeni ukusabela phakathi ithini kanzulu nitric acid liveza isici ukuziphatha non-izinsimbi, ezakhiwe ukusabela tin acid.

Ingabe usabela nge alkalis buhlanjululwe ngamanzi ngu amalahle hydroxide tin is ukubola zibe oxide namanzi.

Ngokungafani namanye izakhi zamakhemikhali, ithini etholwe hhayi besabela ngendlela efanayo, ngenxa ukuncibilika uhlanzekile tin emkhandweni wensimbi.

ore Tin ibaluleke kakhulu umuntu, nakuba wezinsalela zamandulo abavamile. ERussia, imayini main lokhu ore itholakala Eastern eSiberia, futhi zingatholakala tin e Yakutia.

Okuvame kakhulu tin ore ngesimo itshe tin, eyaziwa nangokuthi cassiterite. Cishe cassiterites lokuqala atholakele esikhathini zikaHomer, futhi kuye kwatholakala Greece - ngoba cassiterite izwi livela lesiGreki.

Cishe, itshe tin ibuyiselwe ithini ngengozi, nensimbi enhle kakhulu ukhangwa abantu. Kodwa kuyacaca ukuthi kwakungavamile neze futhi kuyabiza - phakathi lokusinda isiGreki zakudala Roman tin izinto zenzeka, kodwa kuyaqabukela.

Okwamanje, ithini akufanele imali eningi, kodwa manje imikhiqizo eyenziwe ke zithandwa ezingavamile.

Imali zamatshe tin wathola izinhlobo ezimbili: zamabanga aphansi naphezulu. Eyokuqala tin ore likhona egwadle nezinye amatshe, kanti okwesibili kuyinto okusanhlamvu amancane, exutshwe nobumba.

Ukuze okumsulwa ithini nensimbi ore Incibilikile kuhovini ekhethekile izinsuku ezintathu, kulandelwa echibini metal. Kuyini ezithakazelisayo, uma kuqala ungene slag abakhwabanisi imbobo, ithini incane, futhi uma ithini ageleza ngokushesha, washiya slag, lemali inkulu ngokwanele.

ithini Pure - elihle, silvery-white, metal ezithambile - esetshenziswa ezimbonini eziningi. Kusukela ke kwenziwa izitsha, ukudla ithini isiphuzo iziqukathi. Futhi, ingxenye metal we solder kanye izithasiselo, isetshenziswa lokunameka izihloko eziningi izinto ezimbiwa phansi. I enamathela tin ukuvikela isihloko kusuka ukugqwala futhi ukuthuthukisa ukubukeka kwayo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ithini Kulula ukwakha Alloys ezahlukene nezinye izinsimbi, okuhlanganisa zonke ezaziwayo futhi njengoba ngethusi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ithini, amakhemikhali izakhiwo okuyinto ngokungangabazeki isimanga, uyakwazi azakhele ingxubevange ne-carbon - ngamanye amazwi i egcekeni organometallic.

Indima organometallic (okwehlukile - organotin) compounds ziphezulu kakhulu: asetshenziswe womshini stabilizers ngoba PVC, amakhemikhali yezolimo, upende zibe yizinkuni.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye Alloys tin asetshenziselwa ukunciphisa flammability futhi ubuthi intuthu elakhiwe phakathi omlilo of amapulasitiki eziningi zokwenziwa.