Ingxenye yaseYurophu yaseRussia: insimu, izifunda kanye nemizi

Izakhamuzi eziningi zendawo ethile eRussia azikwazi ngisho nezinto ezizungezile, ngaphandle kokushiwo labo abahlala edolobheni eliseduze noma kwenye indawo edumile. Abezizwe futhi ngokuvamile banomqondo ode kakhulu wezwe. Ngenhlanhla, izinga lenkonzo liyakhula njalo, elikhuphula kancane kancane ukuthuthukiswa kwezokuvakasha.

Indawo yendawo

Insimu engxenyeni yaseYurophu yaseRussia evela empumalanga inqunywe yizintaba zase-Ural, umngcele oseningizimu uwela eNyakatho Caucasus. Ubukhulu bayo buyi-4 000 000 km square, okungukuthi, cishe isigamu seYurophu, kodwa kuphela 23% wezwe lonke elikhulu. Leli yingxenye ethuthukisiwe kakhulu futhi enabantu abaningi ezwe. Kulapha ukuthi kukhona amakhemikhali anomsindo, izakhiwo ezisemuva, kanye namadolobha aseRussia asendulo asendulo kanye nemvelo enhle kakhulu. Inani labantu engxenyeni yaseYurophu yaseRussia ngabantu abangaba yizigidi ezingu-80 - lokhu yingxenye yazo zonke izakhamizi zezwe.

Okungafani futhi engabonakali

Ingxenye yaseYurophu ne-Asia ye-Russia yinto enkulu enkulu, nakuba indawo yesibili iyingxenye ye-Asia. Indawo yayo ingaba ngu-13 000 000 km sq,, nakuba ikhona abantu abambalwa. Lokhu kubangelwa inani elincane lamadolobha amakhulu nezimo zezulu ezimbi. Insimu enkulu enkulu inabantu abangaba izigidi ezingu-70.

Ingxenye ye-Asia ihlukaniswe ngezifunda ezine: i-Urals, iSiberia, iMpumalanga neMpumalanga naseMpumalanga Ekude. Lo mkhathi ovela ePacific Ocean kuya eziNtabeni zase-Ural, indawo yokuzalwa yamahlathi angapheli nemifula emihle. Naphezu kokutholakala kwemithombo yemvelo engxenyeni esempumalanga yeRussia, izindleko zokwakha ziyabiza kakhulu, ngenxa yesimo sezulu esinzima, indawo yokulima, indawo yezintaba, amahlathi kanye nemifula. Yingakho izindawo ezinkulu zihlala zingasetshenziswanga.

IPharadesi labathandi bemvelo nabagibeli

Imizi emikhulu ye-Asia ingxenye yase-Russia yiNovosibirsk, i-Omsk, iTyumen, i-Vladivostok, iKhabarovsk. Ubuhle obuhle bemvelo buheha abakhamuzi abavela kuwo wonke umhlaba. I-sanatorium eyaziwa ngokuthi "Belokurikha", ibanga elihle kakhulu laseBelkhakha kanye nendawo evikelekile yezintaba ze-Altai yenza kube lula ukubona izinqwaba zezindlela zokuvakasha eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu.

IKamchatka inikeza ithuba lokujwayelana nezintaba-mlilo ezisebenzayo namagesi. Imithombo yamanzi ashisayo kanye nodaka lwezokwelapha ivula amathuba amaningi okuthuthukisa impilo. I-flora nezilwane zihlukile. Ukudoba okunethezeka kuzonikeza okungazilibaleki.

Sekuvele sekushiwo intaba yase-Altai neLake Baikal iheha izivakashi eziningi minyaka yonke.

Isigaba sokuphatha

Izifunda zomnotho ezilandelayo zihlukaniswe engxenyeni yaseYurophu yaseRussia:

• Ephakathi.
• North-West.
• Southern.
• North-Caucasian.
• Privolzhsky.

Ingxenyana yaseYurophu yaseRussia yumuzi ohlelekile kahle, ongasakwazi ukuhlukaniswa nemikhumbi yaseYurophu - ukukhanya kwezibani zasebusuku, amahhotela okunethezeka nezindawo zokudla, ezitolo ezithengisa kakhulu ... Isifunda ngasinye silungele ukunikeza uhlelo lwabavakashi, ngakho-ke ake sibheke izinto zabo ngokuhlukile. Inani labantu engxenyeni yaseYurophu yaseRussia iqukethe abameli bamazwe angu-39. Phakathi kwabo, amaRussia, amaTatar, ama-Ukraini ahamba phambili.

Izici zeNgxenye yaseYurophu yaseRussia

Sisevele sikhulume ngensimu yase-Asia, ngakho ngeke kucatshangelwe lapha. Ingxenyana yaseYurophu yaseRussia isuka emikhawulweni yasentshonalanga yezwe eya e-Urals. Amadolobha atholakala ngokuvumelana, eduze neYurophu, kukhona ukufinyelela kuLwandle lwase-Atlantic.

Iningi lemithombo yemvelo kanye neyemvelo yamanzi igxila engxenyeni esempumalanga yezwe, lapha kuphela imayini yensimbi ingumholi. Ukugxila okuyinhloko engxenyeni esentshonalanga kumboni yokukhiqiza kanye nokulima. Ibanga lebhange lithuthukisiwe kakhulu.

Indawo ephakathi nentshonalanga yeRussia

Ubuhle eMoscow, i-Kremlin lasendulo, izikhumbuzo zezakhiwo nezamamyuziyamu. Bonke abavakashi bazimisele ukuvakashela i-Golden-domed, kodwa ngaphandle kwayo, kunamanye amadolobha engxenyeni yaseYurophu yaseRussia, engenasithakazelo esincane. Noma iyiphi i-ejensi yokuhamba izokunikeza ukuvakasha kwe-Golden Ring, ivakashele eSuzdal, Kostroma, Yaroslavl, Ivanovo nakwamanye amadolobha. Amathempeli asezindaweni zasendulo kanye nemisebenzi eyingqayizivele yabakhi bezakhiwo zasendulo bayonikeza izinto eziningi.

Isiqondiso sesibili sokuhamba singaba izindawo zokuphila zabantu abakhulu. Eyaziwa kakhulu kunazo zonke, yi-Yasnaya Polyana, nakuba izinduna zePushkin, Sheremetyev, Shcherbatov, neBolshoy Boldino zingakhohlwa ngokungafanele.

Isifunda saseSmolensk Lake, ihlathi leZavolzhie - alanele iminyaka eyishumi ukuvakashela zonke izingqimba ezimangalisayo. Ingqalasizinda ethuthukile kanye nokungabikho kwezinkinga zokuthutha namahhotela kwenza kube lula ukwamukela ngisho nezivakashi zangaphandle.

Lesi sifunda sihlanganisa izindawo ezinjalo ezingxenyeni zaseYurophu zaseRussia njengeMoscow, iBelgorod, i-Yaroslavl, iBryansk, iTula, iVladimir, iTver, Voronezh, iTambov, i-Ivanovo, i-Smolensk, i-Kaluga, i-Ryazan, iKostroma, i-Oryol, iKursk ne-Lipetsk. Ukuvakasha kwebhajethi emagqumeni amahlathi amakhulu futhi imifula emihle iyozuza, izokhokhisa ngempilo kanye nemicabango emihle.

Isifunda saseNyakatho-West

Lena yingxenye enkulu futhi engaphili kahle yezwe. Lezi zihlanganisa i-Arkhangelsk, i-Pskov, i-Vologda, i-Novgorod, i-Murmansk, izifunda ze-Leningrad, i-Komi, i-Karelia kanye nokudalwa kukaPetru, obizwa nge-AS. Pushkin, eSt. Petersburg. Yini ezithakazelisayo kubavakashi? Enyakatho yenxenye yaseYurophu yaseRussia iyi-taiga enhle kakhulu. Ehlobo kukhona umoya oshisayo emagqumeni, izinyoni zicula. Uma iholidi liwela ngoJulayi olushisayo, kungcono ukungatholi indawo: amachibi ashisa ngokugeza okunethezeka, futhi ogwini ilanga alishisi isikhumba. Ekwindla i-taiga iyakuthanda ngemibala, yonke indawo i-crimson negolide. Amaqabunga awa, imvelo iphela ekulindeni ebusika ...

U-Karelia unikeza indawo enkulu yokuzijabulisa kwamanzi. Amachibi asekhaya ahlangene nama-rapids rapids, ngakho abathandi be-rafting bayothanda lapha. Izintaba zeKhibiny zidumile phakathi kwezivakashi zezintaba zezintaba, kodwa kungcono ukuqhuba amakilasi ngaphambi kokuqala kwamaqhwa abusika ebusika.

Enyakatho, izikhumbuzo eziningi zokwakha, izindlu zezindela zasendulo (Solovetsky, Valaamsky), iSonto LaseKihi eLesga Lake nokunye okuningi.

Isifunda saseNingizimu

Umfula, ihlathi nelanga ... Iphupho lapha lingagcwaliseka. Kulesi sifunda kubandakanya indawo yaseKrasnodar, Adygea, Astrakhan, esifundeni saseVolgograd. Ukuba khona kwemifula emikhulu nehle kakhulu, njenge-Volga neDon, inikeza amathuba angenamkhawulo eholide. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, awukwazi ngisho nokuhlela uhambo oluya olwandle olumnyama, ukuya eSochi noma e-Anapa.

Uma sikhuluma ngokuvakashela izivakashi, zivame ukukhetha ukuphumula ematendeni amatende akhululekile ogu lolwandle oluMnyama ngokuvakashela i-arboretum yendawo kanye nezinye izindawo ezithakazelisayo. Kodwa kubantu bendawo abanomholo ongenelayo bangakwazi ukuhlala ekamu letende kuVolga, uhambo ngesikebhe ukuya emzini we-museum Myshkin nanoma iyiphi enye inketho yebhajethi.

Isifunda saseNyakatho-Caucasian

Lesi sifunda sihlanganisa iStvropol Territory, North Ossetia, Ingushetia, Dagestan. Namuhla lezi zindawo zidume emhlabeni wonke njengezindawo zendawo ezisesimo sezulu ezishisayo eziseNingizimu Afrika ezizosinika ogwini olumnyama olwandle lwaseCaucasus. Njalo ngonyaka izinkulungwane zezivakashi ziphumula futhi zithuthukisa impilo yazo lapha. Akunakwenzeka ukuba ungakhulumi ngamanzi amaminerali asekhaya. I-Kislovodsk iyisimo sezempilo esidala sonke se-Union, esasithandwa kakhulu namhlanje.

Sekuyisikhathi eside izintaba zithandeka kulezi zindawo, ngoba lapha kutholakala u-Elbrus - inqwaba ephakeme eYurophu. Imigwaqo yobunzima obuhlukile ikuvumela ukuthi ukwazi kahle izisekelo zemidlalo enzima.

Ukuphila nemasiko yabantu baseCaucasia bakhanga izivakashi kula mazwe amahle. Ukubukwa kwezomnotho kanye ne-ethnographic kanye neminyuziyamu yinto evame ukuvakashelwa. I-cuisine yendawo - lena ingxoxo ehlukile, akekho ozovakasha ongayi ekhaya ngaphandle kokuhlwaya i-lamb skewers enempepho.

District Privolzhsky

Lezi yizindawo ezitholakala eduze kwe-Urals. IRiphabhulikhi yaseChuvash, u-Udmurt, iTatarstan, uMordovia, uMari El. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Kirov, i-Nizhny Novgorod, iPenza, iSamara neSaratov izifunda nazo ziyingxenye yesifunda. Abantu bahlala lapha okuningi, ngokwezokuvakasha indawo iyathembisa kakhulu. Izindawo eziqhakazile zezintaba, imithombo yamanzi engapheli, ukudoba okumangalisayo nokuphumula nje esifubeni semvelo - la mathuba athola izivakashi futhi anike amathuba okusebenza ezinhlanganweni eziningi zokuvakasha.

Ukusondela kweziNtaba zase-Ural kuvumela ukulima, kanye namaqembu ezemidlalo nezokuvakasha ezokuvakasha. Isifunda sivumela ukuthola umsebenzi kuwo wonke umuntu, kuhlanganise nabagibeli bezinga eliphezulu kakhulu (bazobe bethakazelisa ikakhulukazi kwi-Subpolar Urals).

Amahlathi ahlukile e-Komi anesimo sefa lemvelo lemvelo. Ngenkathi imizila yezokuvakasha lapha ingathuthukiswa, nakuba inombono omuhle.

I-Bashkortostan iyindawo enhle kakhulu. Kunzima ngisho nokucabanga ukuthi amaphesenti angu-40 yendawo yonke yeRiphabhulikhi ihlala emahlathini, futhi ngaphandle kwawo, kunemifula engaphezu kuka-10 000, kunamachibi angaba ngama-2500, amachibi kanye namabhodlela. Izindawo zokugcina ezintathu, amapaki amabili emvelo, izikhumbuzo ezingaphezu kwekhulu zemvelo, izindawo eziningi zokuvikela izitshalo zokwelapha - konke lokhu kwenza kube nzima ukujwayela i-republic eyodwa ngesikhathi seholide. Ingxenye yaseYurophu yaseRussia inkulu ngempela.

Ake sibambe imiphumela

Thina sithinta kalula incazelo yalezo zindleko ezifihla lezi zindawo ezinkulu. Ingxenye yaseYurophu yaseRussia ihlanganisa izifunda ezinhlanu, ngasinye esinezindawo eziyisithupha kuya kwesishiyagalombili. Ukwakhiwa kwesifunda kungaba amadolobha amaningana, amakhulu nezincane.

Abavakashi bangathola lapha konke abakuthandayo. Amadolobha amakhulu nezindawo zasendulo zakudala, amahlathi angabanjwa eSiberia nezintaba eziphakeme kakhulu ... iRussia ibilokhu idumile ngamanzi ayo, lapha yizinqolobane ezingenamkhawulo zendalo yomama! Imifula, imifudlana, amachibi, amachibi, amancane nezibungqimba, ezinamandla nezikhulu, ezinemifula esheshayo yezintaba ezithandayo kakhulu noma ezithwala kancane amagagasi abo Volga - akunakwenzeka ukuthola ukuhlukahluka okunjalo noma kuphi emhlabeni. Akuwona nje amadolobha ngokwawo, kodwa izakhamuzi zihluke kakhulu komunye nomunye.