Ukopha - Iyini? Izimbangela kanye nokwelashwa haemorrhage

Ukopha - kuyinto nokopha of kobukhulu obuhlukahlukene ezingxenyeni ezihlukahlukene zomzimba. Imbangela yalesi sifo angase bayisibonelo kwezinso zangaphakathi nezangaphandle. Isikhathi esining impela nokopha eshiwo ku ekuqongeleleni igazi ngaphakathi izicubu, kodwa kukhona amacala igazi okukhiphayo imvelo bangaphandle.

Kungani kunezinkolo nokopha?

Imbangela ukopha livame permeability okusezingeni eliphezulu odongeni isitsha, noma ukuhlukumeza. Breach ubuqotho isitsha kungenxa ukulimala lokukhanda. Isizathu okuyiwona igazi engena izindonga imithambo yegazi yilezi:

-vrozhdennye nezifo ngenxa yezakhi zofuzo (haemophilia);

-priobretennaya krovenoskoy uhlelo zokugula (trombotsitopaty, kahle igazi ekunqandeni, DIC futhi oluhambisana vasculitis);

-zabolevaniya imvelo dermatological, ezifana psoriasis futhi dermatoses ezingamahlalakhona.

Cishe zonke izinhlobo nokopha abe nobuhlobo obuseduze ukungezwani ngokwengqondo, ukucindezeleka nezidakamizwa hormone.

Izinhlobo izimbangela ukopha

Kuye izimbangela ukopha zihlukaniswe izinhlobo ezintathu:

-krovotechenie ezivukayo ngenxa yokulimala mechanical kuya isitsha;

-krovotechenie esadaleka e ngento ukunciphisa ukushuba odongeni isitsha;

· Ukopha kubangelwa isitsha igazi odongeni ubuqotho ukwephulwa ngenxa nokuchayeka kumakhemikhali ezithile noma izifo.

Izinhlobo nokopha ngendawo

Ukopha zingahlukaniswa zibe:

· Yangaphakathi (ukopha ezicutshini futhi izitho);

· Yangaphandle;

· Parenchymal (ngopha izicubu obumba izitho);

· Arterial (outflow kakhulu igazi imithambo yonakele);

· Emithambo yegazi (ukopha ethulile emithanjeni yonakele);

· Capillary (opha emiphongolweni emincane).

Izimpawu eyinhloko ukopha zangaphakathi

Izenzo ukopha kuxhomeke ohlotsheni ukopha futhi kwasendaweni yayo. Ngaleso sikhathi, njengoba ukopha yangaphandle ukuthola impela nje, ukopha zangaphakathi ngokuvamile kungabonakali. Thola singasisita eziningi izimpawu ezithile, njenge:

• ukucobeka jikelele;
• isiyezi nokuquleka;
• pallor okungesona esingokwemvelo isikhumba;
• ukucobeka, ukozela;
• tachycardia;
• ukwehlisa wegazi.

Lawa izimpawu ezivamile ukopha zangaphakathi. Kunezindlela eziningana izici ezithile isici kohlobo oluthile nokopha.

Ukopha ngesikhathi indawo umjovo. Kuyini lokhu?

Isikhathi esining impela, emva umjovo ekwelapheni izinkinga zenzeka. Okuholela esicutshini umjovo ukopha - a ukopha wendawo okwenzeka ngenxa umonakalo izicubu. Ngokuvamile, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi lo kuphumele igazi amabala adlulisela kuwona uqobo, kodwa kwezinye izimo, udokotela ekunika yokwamukela izidakamizwa amanzi-encibilikayo. Ukopha ngenxa umjovo emthanjeni kwenzeka ngenxa Ukubhoboza ngokusebenzisa umkhumbi hhayi ngokucacile njengoba e imijovo ku imisipha.

Kungani kunezinkolo dermal ukopha?

Ezimweni eziningi, nokopha esikhumbeni kuphakama ngenxa ukopha noma seepage wegazi ogangeni isitsha phakathi kwezicubu isikhumba. Babukeka njengezihlahla igazi ndawo, kuzwakala ku umbala kwesikhumba. Phakathi naso sonke isikhathi isifo ukopha esikhumbeni ziyashintsha umbala kusuka okukhanyayo ukuba umbala ogqamile ephuzi. ukuphathwa ngendlela ekhethekile kulesi simo singanikezwanga. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lezi nezimagqabhagqabha ukuxazulula ngokwabo. Phakathi isikhumba nokopha zihlanganisa hematoma.

Nokopha yokusetshenziswa pheshana emathunjini

Endabeni ka ukunqotshwa emathunjini emizimbeni ukopha ngokuvamile aba okuthiwa submucosal ukopha. Lolu hlobo lwe-ukopha kakhulu ingozi ethile, ngoba isikhathi esithile ivame ukuba kugeleze ngaphandle izimpawu ebonakalayo. Umuntu ebhekene nale hlobo ukopha kwasekuqaleni avele ukucobeka, isicanucanu causeless, isiyezi. Kulokhu, isiguli kufanele kube ngaphansi ukunakekelwa kadokotela futhi kudlule indlela yokwelashwa okhethiwe.

Kungani ukopha esiyingozi?

Ukopha - into kunalokho esikhohlisayo. kobukhulu kwakho kuncike endaweni wesabelo ezilimele futhi umfutho ukopha. Futhi nakuba imihuzukwana enjalo ngokuvamile ukuxazulula ngokwabo, zikhona izimo lapho ukopha indawo abscesses ezidinga kokungenela kuhlinzwa. Kwesinye isikhathi ukopha ongabhubhisa izicubu, ezingasetshenziswa futhi kungaholela emiphumeleni engathí sina. Kulokhu, a kuyingozi kakhulu ukopha ebuchosheni, amaphaphu nenhliziyo.

Yikuphi udokotela ukuya?

Kungakhathaliseki ubunjalo ukopha kwakungafanele, izimbangela zazo akumelwe sikhohliseke ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Le nkinga kuzokusiza uqonde ukunakekelwa udokotela wakho oyinhloko, kanye odokotela iphrofayela ewumngcingo, njengemoto eyisazi, i endocrinology, udokotela noma izifo ezithathelwanayo.

yikona kanjani? Imiphumela yaloku kuhlola okungenhla Proper

Udokotela angase sikubeke ukuxilongwa ngisho nangemva kokuhlolwa. Kodwa uzodinga ukuthatha ukusazi ngokunembile isifo esikuphethe ngaphezulu ephelele segazi futhi uhlole ekunqandeni yayo (coagulation). Kwezinye izimo, udokotela wakho anganquma ukuqhuba amasiko igazi, futhi kakade ngesisekelo yalezizifundo ukuxazulula inkinga nokwelashwa.

Usizo lokuqala for ukopha

Njengoba sesibonile, ukopha - avuzayo legazi kusuka imithambo yegazi ngenxa yokulimala zabo. Ngakho into yokuqala ongayenza ne ukopha okuncane - lisetshenzisiwe olimele indawo into ebandayo ukukusiza ukwehlisa ukushuba ukopha. Olunye usizo kufanele kwenziwe kuye ngohlobo ebangela ukopha.

ukopha emithambo yegazi kalula ekhonjwe yi umbala igazi eyayivuza - kuba burgundy amnyama abomvu. ukugeleza kwegazi okunjalo ngeke kancane kodwa njalo. Usizo lokuqala for ukulimala - a tourniquet ngezansi cm 10-15 kusukela isilonda, ngebhandeshi Friend. Qiniseka ukuthi ufuna ukumaka isikhathi, tourniquet, ngokubeka ephepheni emakwe ukunqunywa kwesikhathi. Uma isilonda incane, esikhundleni amahanisi ungakwazi bopha isilonda ukugqoka njengoba imikhumbi emithambo yegazi unekhono iwe nokuzihlonipha, ngokuba nezingxabano ukukhiya.

lwemithambo ukopha

It ihlukile emthanjeni. Igazi isilonda umbala bright red futhi beat umthombo. Kuyadingeka ukuba ngokushesha sisebenzise tourniquet, njengoba ayimi ukopha umuntu ungafa nje ngomzuzu. Tourniquet ngenhla isilonda Sigcizelela 10-15 cm, leli nxeba kuyadingeka ukubeka ngebhandeshi. Bophelani esikhulu for 1-2 amahora. Ngalesi sikhathi, kubalulekile ukuba wehlise kancane imizuzu 3-5, ukuze protsirkulirovala igazi yebo, kungenjalo igazi amile aqoqana ubuthi kokukhipha amahanisi umuntu ugijima ingozi yokuthi umuntu abanjwe futhi bafe.

Ngokuqondene ukopha capillary, awayona ingozi sina (ngaphandle ukulimala kubantu nge abampofu igazi ekunqandeni). Kulokhu, isilonda kufanele kuthathwe wabopha.

Futhi ukumisa ukopha enjalo angasebenzisa eziphambili hemostatic ejenti efana "Tseloksa" futhi "Gemostopa". Powder elimbudumbudu ukuze usize unciphise igazi, ukudala lowo mkhaya uphinde uphile jelly. Kodwa ukwelapha izilonda okunjalo kuyoba ezisindayo.

ukopha zangaphakathi ingenye ezinzima kunazo: lapha kubalulekile ukuya esibhedlela. At the site kungenziwa kuphela isicelo abandayo endaweni obukhulu futhi uthumele isisulu esibhedlela noma ushayele "ambulensi." Kwaze kwaba yilapho kufika isiguli udokotela kufanele babe sesimweni onokuthula ukuhambisa ngangokusemandleni.

Indlela ukuqeda nokopha

ukuphathwa ukopha Kwenziwa emva Ukuhlolisiswa ngudokotela. Ngezinye Ihlahlubo kokuqala ukwelashwa udokotela kufanele inake yokuthi ezinye izinhlobo zesifo kwenza babe yezinkinga edabukisayo. Yingakho zonke izigaba ukwelashwa okufanele kwenzeke ngaphansi kweso lwezokwelapha. Lapho zingase ziphakame yezinkinga izinqubo ukuvuvukala ezingaba kwezinye izimo ngisho ziholele ekufeni.

Ukuze babhebhethekisa inkinga, kufanele ngokushesha ufune usizo lwabezokwelapha. Kwaba ngemva ukuhoxiswa yokugcina udokotela oqokwe ukwelashwa.

Kuye isimo lesiguli, nokopha futhi emtholampilo ifomu propensity nezinkinga setha nokufaneleka izinkinga emithini yokuselapha. Ngokwesibonelo, ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa imithi kancane ukopha ongama. Kodwa lapho isikhumba nokopha namasayizi amakhulu usebenzise ukwelashwa ngezihloko ezihlukene ngesimo kwesicelo heparin noma troksevazinovoy wamafutha okugcoba ukuba ezindaweni ezithintekile kabili ngosuku.