Inani ngokwemvelo yama-coelenterates. Kuyini ukubaluleka kwama-coelenterates emvelweni nasekuphileni

Naphezu kwezinto ezilula kakhulu zesakhiwo, ukubaluleka kwama-coelenterates emvelweni kubonakala kakhulu. Futhi isibalo sabantu abamele lolu hlobo sifinyelela ezilwaneni eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-10. Ukuhlukahluka kwezindawo zabo zokuhlala kuyahlukahluka: kusuka emzimbeni omncane amanzi kuya ezindaweni ezijulile zamanzi olwandle. Ukubaluleka kwabanikazi abanokubaluleka kwezemvelo kubalulekile, sicabangela kafushane esihlokweni sethu.

Umsuka wegama

Lezi zilwane ezinama-multicellular azibi negama le-uniton taxonomic. Iqiniso liwukuthi i-ini enesisu somzimba lapho kutholakala ukugaya ukudla. Kungena kuye ngokuvula umlomo ngosizo lwezintambo. Amangqamuzana akhethekile avikela ama-enzyme okugaya ngaphakathi emzimbeni, ngaphansi kwethonya lenqubo yokugaya.

Izimpawu

Ukubaluleka kwama-coelenterates emvelweni nasekuphileni komuntu ikakhulukazi kunquma izici zesakhiwo sabo. Okokuqala, lezi zingxenye ezimbili zomzimba: engaphandle nangaphakathi. Ziqukethe amaseli akhethekile. Ngolunye uhlobo lwabo lenza imisebenzi ethile. Okuphakathi kwesigaba kubangela amangqamuzana amasha, isifuba sihlanganisa umzimba sibe yinye futhi sibangele ukusebenzisana nemvelo. Futhi ngenxa yokutholakala kwamangqamuzana omzimba wesikhumba, ama-coelenterates angakwazi ukuthenga, ukugoba nokuhamba.

Ama-stem cells "yikhadi elivakashelayo" lama-coelenterates . Zitholakala engxenyeni yangaphandle yomzimba. Lawa maseli ahlanganiswa ne-capsule, ngaphakathi ngaphakathi kuwo ama-filament asontekile ekupheleni okubukhali. Ngaphandle kweseli yizinwele ezibucayi. Uma umuntu ethinta othile, intambo ye-crochet ivuleka futhi ibambelele ngamandla emzimbeni wesisulu. Kulesi simo, kutholakala into enobuthi. Awukwazi nje ukukhubazeka, kepha futhi uholela ekufeni komzimba.

Amanzi ahlanzekile amanzi

Ukubaluleka kwama-coelenterates emvelweni nakwabantu kungacatshangelwa isibonelo sabantu abajwayele ukumela-i-hydra. Lesi sitho esincane singumxhumanisi wokudla. Yiqiniso, ukuze izinhlanzi zifakwe, azifinyeleleki, njengoba zixoshwa ngamaseli ahlabayo. Kodwa nge-eel branched, isenzo sabo asibi, ngakho-ke badla izicubu zalezi zinhlobo zama-coelenterates. Ubuso bomzimba i-hydr bufaneleke kahle ngokuhlala kwezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-infusoria.

Ukutholakala nokutadisha izici ze- hydra isakhiwo esibalulekile ekuthuthukiseni intela ye-taxonomy. Ukuhlolwa kokubamba iqhaza kwalesi sakhiwo kwakuwubufakazi bokuthi ukuvuselelwa futhi ukungakwazi ukwenza inqubo yezocansi akuzona izici zabo ezihlukile. Igama le-hydra linikezwe umsunguli we-systematics kaCarl Linnaeus. Wayecabanga engqondweni yomuntu oyimfihlakalo, owaphuthuma ngokushesha amakhanda aqokiwe. I-hydra amanzi ahlanzekile nawo ayathinta ikhono layo lokuvuselela. Ingakwazi ukululama ngokugcwele kusukela ku-1/200 ingxenye!

I-Hydra ihlanze amanzi ezinhlayiyeni eziphilayo, ibe isihlungi semvelo.

Ukushisa okuyingozi

Kuyini ukubaluleka kwama-coelenterates emvelweni, sesicabangile kancane. Wonke umuntu oye wabhekana nesenzo sokugaya amangqamuzana e-jellyfish, kufanele abe nesithakazelo kule sihloko. Zitholakala ebusweni bezinsimbi zabo zomlomo nezindebe. Ukuhlangana nokuningi kwalokhu okuphilayo kungasiphephile.

Ezilwandle ezishisayo, kukhona amakoloni emkhunjini wesiPutukezi. Ubuhlungu bamangqamuzana abo abuhlungu bubangela ukushisa okukhulu, ukuzwa okubuhlungu, ukuphazanyiswa ngesigqi sokuphefumula kanye nomsebenzi wenhliziyo. Uma ungamsizi isisulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, umphumela ungabulala. Izakhamuzi zasenyakatho ezisenyakatho ziyingozi kakhulu: i- wasp sea kanye ne-cyanogen.

Uma kwenzeka ukushisa okukhulu, kubalulekile ukususa amangqamuzana ahlabayo esikhumbeni ngosizo lwezincubu, uphathe indawo ethintekile ngekhambi le-ammonia, utshwala noma isoda. Uma ukuchayeka kwakunzima, kufanele uthintane nodokotela ngokushesha.

I-Jellyfish

Izambulela ezithuthukayo ze-jellyfish, ngokungafani nama-polyps, ziyakwazi ukuhamba ngenkuthalo. Ziyizilwane ezidliwayo, ezizingela izinambuzane ezingenayo kanye nezinhlanzi. Ezinye izinhlobo ze-jellyfish ziyakwazi ukunyakaza okusebenzayo. Abanye, isibonelo, i-flashlight yasolwandle nabanye, bahamba kancane kancane ezindaweni ngezindawo.

Ukubaluleka kokwenza ama-coelenterates kunemvelo eholela kanjani endleleni yokuphila ehamba phambili? Ngokwemvelo, lokhu kuyisici esibalulekile futhi esibaluleke kakhulu kwendalo yokuphila olwandle kanye namaketanga okudla.

Ngaphandle kwezinhlobo ezinobuthi, emvelo ziyaziwa futhi ziyadliwa. Emazweni amaningi ase-Asia ziyizintandokazi ezithandayo.

Njenge-hydras, i-jellyfish yinto yokuhlola izinto eziphilayo. Idivaysi ekwazi ukubikezela ukuzamazama komhlaba, iziphepho neziphepho zakhiwa ngesisekelo sabantu abahlala emanzini.

Amakholi

Ukubaluleka kohlobo lwama-coelenterates nakho kuyathandeka ukucabangela nesibonelo samaphoyinti e- coral colonial . Ekubukeni, azifani nezilwane nhlobo, ikakhulu njengoba zihola indlela yokuphila ehambisana nayo. Ukusabalalisa ngokuhluma, ama-protrusions akhiwe awahlukanisi. Ngenxa yalokho, kutholakala izakhiwo zesimo esiyinqaba. I-skeleton yabo yangaphakathi ikhiwa yi-calcium carbonate noma izinto eziqinile eziphilayo.

I-polypi yama-coral ye-actinia ibukeka njengembali ekhanyayo, emnandi. Iningi lazo liphila ngokudla, lizingela ama-mollusk amancane, ama-crustaceans nezinhlanzi. Kukhona futhi ama-filterers. Ama-anemone anjalo athambisa ama-algae, amabhaktheriya kanye ne-protozoa emanzini. Ngesikhathi esifanayo benza umsebenzi owengeziwe - bahlanza amanzi.

Indlu engaphansi kwamanzi

Ukubaluleka kokumvelo yizinto ezinamafutha, i-crab ye-hermit iyazi ngokuqinisekile. Futhi lokhu akuyona ihlaya ngempela. Iphuzu eliphelele ukuthi ngaphandle kwalesi polyp, umdlavuza awukwazi neze ukukhona. U-Actinia uthola izinsalela zokudla komdlavuza futhi uyisebenzise njengendlela yokuthutha. Ukushintsha igobolondo, isilwane siyifaka kanye ne-polyp yayo. Futhi ngomqondo wangempela wegama. Ushaya i-actinium ye-claws ukuze iqhubekele endaweni entsha. Nakhu okuphawulekayo "ukuhlalisana" okuzuzisayo.

Ukunakwa: izigodi

Imifula yamakhorali ibaluleke ngokukhethekile emvelweni wama-coelenterates . Lawa amakholomu amakhulu ama-polyps, inani labantu abafinyelela kuzo izigidi. Okukhulu kunazo zonke yi-Great Barrier Reef, ehamba eduze kolwandle lwase-Australia lwe-Pacific Ocean.

Ukwakheka kwemvelo kuyindawo yokuhlala yezinhlobo eziningi ze-algae, ama-crustaceans, ama-mollusks, izibungu nezinhlanzi. Emazweni asohlwini olusogwini olusogwini, abantu baqoqa izitshalo nezilwane ezisolwandle. I-limestone, etholakala ngamasaka emifula, isetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa. Njengoba amakhorali akhiwa yizinto ezilukhuni kakhulu, zivikela ama-continent kanye neziqhingi ukusuka ekukhuleni. Ngenxa yesiphakamiso sabo sobuhle, benza ubucwebe, izinto zendlu, izikhumbuzo. Abacwaningi abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi ukuphila eziqhingini ezincane ezishisayo ngaphandle kwemifula kungenakwenzeka. Konke mayelana nomkhiqizo ophezulu wezinto eziphilayo zendalo yemvelo engaphansi kwamanzi, izizathu ososayensi abangakutholi ngazo.

Ngenxa yezici zabo eziyingqayizivele nezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo, ukubaluleka kohlobo lwama-coelenterates kubalulekile ngokwanele futhi kunquma indima yabo evelele kwimvelo yemvelo yomhlaba.