Imithetho yokuphepha umlilo esikoleni. uhlelo umlilo yokuphunyuka

Wonke umuntu uyaqonda engozini has umlilo futhi ukuthi kubaluleke kangakanani ukuba ugcine ekulimaleni izingane zethu. Kungani kubaluleke kangaka ukuphepha komlilo esikoleni? Izithombe sibona kusukela zisencane ezindongeni zonke izingane (kanye nezinye) izikhungo - amalangabi esongelayo, abantu mlilo futhi baphume isikimu ngemicibisholo engapheli. Uyini umgomo wabo? Ingabe uyidinga thina? Kanjani ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imithetho yokuphepha umlilo isikole akazange ahlale incwadi efile, futhi ngokuqinile banamathela yibo bonke?

Noma yimuphi semfundo - indawo mass ukuhlangana nezingane. impilo yabo, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ukuphila kuncike ezicini eziningi, kanye nokuphepha umlilo - ebaluleke kakhulu kubo. Sikhuluma, izikole, izinkulisa, ubuciko izindlu zezingane, izikole boarding, ehlobo amakamu, nokunye. Ngakho namuhla sizoxoxa umqondo ezifana inhlangano yezokuphepha umlilo noma kuphi isikhungo sokunakekela ingane.

Kuyini lokhu? Yini izinyathelo ezinikezwe ngumthetho kule ndaba? Ingabe kukhona athuthukile ngokusemthethweni umlilo imithetho yokuphepha esikoleni, noma i-ejensi ngamunye esebenza ngentando yakho? Ubani owabangela ke? Yini kulesi sici kukhona imibhalo? ukuphepha Lilo esikoleni - enye yezinkinga ezibaluleke kakhulu, futhi-ke, kukhona ezinye, okuyizinto ngokuqinile ezindinganisweni ngokomthetho zokuthi kufanelwe ligujwe kanjani. Ukwephula kubo igcwele izinhlawulo sina isiqondiso.

ukuphepha komlilo inhlangano kunoma iyiphi ingane nokunakekela kubekiwe imiyalelo ejwayelekile, ukwazi, kanye nokwenza ngokuvumelana ukuthi isibopho umphathi akagcinanga nje, kodwa futhi nabo bonke laba ezisebenza nezingane. Kumayelana nezindaba eziningi - kusukela izinyathelo zokuvimbela ukuba imililo phambi oda ukuthuthwa kwabantu ngenxa yengozi uma kwenzeka inhlekelele. Inombolo, indawo kanye nesimo Ukushisa amadivayisi, isimo wiring, ukutholakala kweminyango eziphuthumayo - konke ingxenye welithi "ukuphepha umlilo". Ukufundiswa isikole ku nokuqaliswa kwalo kuphoqelekile bonke abasebenzi.

Sibheka ngokuningiliziwe lokho elikumelelayo.

iziqondiso Fire ukuphepha adinga ukuba athobele umthetho zonke izinhlobo ezikoleni, amakholiji, izikole boarding, izinkulisa, kanye umculo, ezemidlalo kanye ubuciko izikhungo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi bakuyiphi.

Abaphathi, abasebenzi nabafundi ezikhungweni kumele bazi futhi benze ngokuvumelana nalezi zimiso, futhi uma kwenzeka kuqubuka umlilo ukuhlinzeka zonke izinyathelo ukuze wokukucima yayo futhi baphume.

Lubhekele umqondisi ejensi zokuvikeleka - umqondisi noma ikhanda.

Yini edingekayo ukuze wenze inhloko semfundo?

umsebenzi wakhe - ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha umlilo ezikoleni noma ezinye izikhungo izingane futhi kuqashwe abasebenzi ekusetshenzisweni kwazo futhi abafundi, ukuqeda amaphutha, ezisiza izingane nabasebenzi imithetho yokuphepha futhi ukuziphatha umlilo sokuprakthiza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ikhanda ubophekile ukuba liqoke izikhulu eziphezulu abangase bavunyelwe ukusebenza kuphela uma umyalelo ndima.

Nge abafundi kufanele ukuqhuba izifundo njalo ekutadisheni imithetho yokuphepha. Ukuze abafundi 4th Grade 11, imisebenzi efana anikezwa kanye ikota. Nge izingane, kindergartners nabafundi esikoleni sabaqalayo kuyadingeka ukuze ukuqhuba izinkulumo ochazayo ngezingozi umlilo kanye nokuvimbela izinyathelo zayo. Njalo, okungenani kanye ngonyaka, aphethwe ngenyanga zokuphepha umlilo esikoleni. Kuyo ukuqeqeshwa game ifomu izingane baqinise futhi zifezeke amakhono abo. Phakathi kwabafundi ihlelwe squads ka izicishamlilo abasha.

uhlelo umlilo yokuphunyuka

Endabeni ka umlilo kumelwe nakanjani babe uhlelo basishiye. Umphathi womsebenzi - ukuqinisekisa ukuthuthukiswa yayo qobo. Futhi kufanele ayicabangile ukulandelana exwayisa abantu kanye nemithwalo yemfanelo ngamunye izimo ezimbi kakhulu.

uhlelo umlilo ungabhubhiswa inqubo yayo liyadingeka babuke njalo lapho izimo zishintsha. Hhayi ngaphansi kuka kanye njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha kufanele kube umzimba esisebenzayo akwazi uma kwenzeka umlilo. Ngo izikhungo zezingane, letisebenta amasizini, imisebenzi efana zinikezwa ngaphambi ushintsho ngamunye.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ikhanda umsebenzi ukuqoka oda ukuvala emagcekeni ekupheleni kosuku zokusebenza kanye ukulawula ukugujwa kokuthwasa imithetho emisiwe inhlangano, abaqashi, uma ikhona. Wabuye ibika izidumbu lomlilo ukuphathwa kwezinto.

Kusihlwa futhi ebusuku

Emakhaya ezintandane noma kwezinye izakhiwo lula khona iposi on duty ngalobo busuku futhi kusihlwa futhi ngezimpelasonto liyadingeka ukuqapha ukuthi ukuphepha umlilo lezinto uyalandelwa. Ukuze wenze lokhu, khona-ke kumelwe sifeze ezinye izenzo.

Ithathwe phezu njengetakhamuti letenta Kumele uhlole isimo imishini umlilo-elwa, emgqeni zocingo usebenza, kanye umlilo alamu bese ukukhanyisa. Qiniseka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi okukhiphayo akusho onezinto, futhi umnyango angavulwa uma kunesidingo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kubalulekile ukuze ahlole njalo zonke imihubhe, Ezindaweni zokwamukela izivakashi, emaphasishi esikoleni, foyers futhi Ezindaweni zokwamukela izivakashi.

Uma iphula, duty kudingeka ukususa ngokwakho, noma azise inhloko (nephini lakhe).

Ufanele ulwazi mayelana inombolo nendawo abafundi kanye nabasebenzi sikhungo. Uma kudingekile, ubika le datha abezicishamlilo. Esiwuboshezelwe baphathe isethi egcwele hluthulelo kuze bonke okukhiphayo namasango komgwaqo, kanye flashlight.

izidingo jikelele

izinyathelo zokuphepha umlilo esikoleni (nezinye izikhungo), ngokuyinhloko eziphathelene insimu futhi izakhiwo. Ngaphambi konyaka noma ekuqaleni 1 Ukushintshwa emakamu yezinkathi ezithile ukuzimisela kwabo ihlolwe amakomidi olufanele, kuhlanganise nabameleli komlilo phambi kwabaqaphi. Babe they ozonaka?

Ubumsulwa zensimu. amahlamvu Fallen, imfucuza ezivuthayo futhi utshani obomile kufanele njalo eqoqwe amazwe. Imigwaqo kanye driveways kufanele kube mahhala njalo. Uma, ngokuqondene ukukhanda noma yisiphi esinye isizathu, endaweni travel ehlukile noma eya ivalwe, kufanele ngokushesha wazise uMnyango umlilo. Esikhathini izikhala phakathi kwalezi zakhiwo abakwazi ukugcina izinto noma indawo yezokuthutha. Akunakwenzeka endaweni umlilo, ashise kudoti noma ukuhlela lasekhishini elalivuliwe kwemizi.

Izimfuneko izakhiwo

Uma isakhiwo kuyinto ezinezitezi eziningi, amakilasi noma amaqembu izingane ezincane ezibekwe kuphela zesitezi sokuqala nesesibili. Lokhu kuyadingeka ngomlilo ukuphepha esikoleni sabaqalayo kanye enkulisa. Likhono igumbi ngalinye kumele singeqi enhle, futhi ifenisha kanye nemishini, ibekwe emahhovisi, - kuphazamise ophumayo khulula zabantu. ukucima umlilo izindawo kumelwe abe njalo emehlweni.

Endabeni ngayinye ephasishi, wokubawa abantu bayisekele, wokubawa abantu bayisekele futhi izimpawu posted isixwayiso ekhombisa nokuvikeleka. kweminyango eziphuthumayo kungukuthi onezinto. Iminyango anemisila amadivaysi self-okugcina, ukuseviswa zazo ilawulwa njalo. Phakathi nenkathi lapho abantu ekwakheni zonke izindawo zokuphuma eziphuthumayo zivaliwe kuphela kusuka ngaphakathi ukuqunjelwa, okulula ukuvula (izingwegwe nezihluthulelo).

Kulezi zindawo lapho izingane, kuhlale kunabantu carpeting futhi ulandelele isandla eqondiswa phansi.

ngaphezu kwalokho

izindawo Fire ukuphepha zaba at the stage of okuklama yabo. Awukwazi sihlehlise Igumbi ngaphandle ngekucikelela amazinga ukwakhiwa akhawunti nezimfuneko, kanye ukuhlobisa izindonga futhi Uphahla lwangaphakathi of izinto ezivuthayo. Lokhu kusebenza ukuthuthwa kwabantu ngenxa yengozi imizila - izitebhisi, recreations, Ezindaweni zokwamukela izivakashi.

Ungafaki amafasitela, grilles nezinye idivayisi non-esikhiphekayo emagcekeni ewindini, susa iminyango phakathi imihubhe kanye ezitebhisini, eziphuthumayo akube kusakhulunywa nail uvalwe.

Ayikwazi ukusetshenziselwa for amalahle amathuluzi okuzenzela. endzaweni lephephile Electric kettles boilers, igesi izitofu ingasetshenziswa ukuqeqeshwa zabasebenzi, noma ukupheka kuphela ezindaweni eziqokiwe. On Ukuphunyuka imizila akufanele kube esibukweni iminyango zamanga.

Izimfuneko imishini kanye ukukhanyisa

Kakhulu evala ukubhema ama iyiphi izinto ezivuthayo (ngendwangu, iphepha), ukusebenzisa amalambu kaphalafini namakhandlela elisetshenziswa wokuhlanza izingoma oluvuthayo.

Kuyinto engenakwenzeka efudumele amapayipi kodwa angabangi umsindo futhi yimuphi omunye umlilo yokukhulumisana ivulekile - umusi nje, amanzi ashisayo noma isihlabathi. Ungagcini ku amakhabethe ekhukhwini izingubo zokusebenza wokuhlanza impahla, ukushiya ngaphandle kwesiqondiso zikagesi kufakwe inethiwekhi (okufaka amathelevishini, imisakazo, njll).

Nokomisa ngoba izingubo nezicathulo wahlela ikamelo esikhethekile noma ikhabethe impahla non-ezivuthayo, Ukushisa Kwenziwa kuphela amanzi Ukushisa radiators. umsebenzi zokushisela Kwenziwa kuphela imvume (kungaba ngencwadi) inhloko, ngokuvumelana nezidingo imithetho efanele.

Sebenzisa ezinsimbini (nge abephule ukukhanya izinkomba kanye lokushisa abalawuli) kulandela kumagumbi ekhethekile ngaphansi kokuqondisa umsebenzi onecala. Okunye izingubo ukugcina kuzo umsebenzi noma akuvumelekile. Irons ezibekwa izisekelo esakhiwe ngezinto refractory.

Ukushisisa nokushaya komoya

Ekuqaleni kubhayela isizini Ukushisa nazo zonke amathuluzi okuhlobene Bahlola ngokucophelela futhi balungisa, izisebenzi ziyalwa, uma kunesidingo. Kubhayela kungavunyelwe ukwenza umsebenzi okungagunyaziwe.

Akunakusetshenziswa akakwazi ukuvimbela ukuvuza igesi noma ukuvuza fuel enikeziwe at yayo yokuqothulwa igesi izitofu noma Imibhobho esemzimbeni, ukuqala ukusebenza uma ukuqapha amadivaysi okuyiphutha.

On ukuklanywa imishini kwenqatshelwe ome izingubo nezicathulo, futhi ushiye egijima boilers ingagadiwe.

isitofu Ukushisa

imithetho Fire ukuphepha esikoleni nge isitofu Ukushisa aqukethe zimfuneko ezengeziwe. Uma kuhhavini isebenza, ngesikhathi kuvulwa firebox balo ukukhwezwa metal ishidi 50 ngu-70 cm. Inqawe futhi noshimula bahlanza yentshede akuzona esingaphansi kokukodwa njalo ezinyangeni ezimbili ngesikhathi isizini Ukushisa.

Phakathi imikhosi kanye imicimbi ukuze Stoke esithandweni somlilo akuvunyelwe. Ngezinye amabili nane ukuhlala ihora ku isikhungo izingane inqubo kokudubula kumele iphele kungakapheli amahora amabili ngaphambi Ukuhamba abafundi ukulala.

It is nhlobo ukuze sivuselelane zisebenzisa uphethiloli, iziketekete nezinye yiluphi uketshezi oluvutha kalula, kanye zishiywe yokusebenza somlilo ukushaja izingane sinaka kubo. Tingasebenti imishini ngezicabha okuyiphutha futhi zisebenzisa ukhuni sikhulu kakhulu.

Okokhelekayo kufanele agcinwe amakamelo ezikhethekile noma izindawo hhayi eduze kuka 10 wamamitha kusukela isakhiwo. Akuvunyelwe ukuba uyigcine egumbini elingaphansi futhi phansi phansi.

ezisebenza ngogesi

Zonke izinto zikagesi neze ekunakekelweni kwengane izikhungo kumele ukuhambisana nemithetho yokuphepha. Ukuphatha inikeza yesondlo kanye zokuvimbela uyohlolwa, aqede bokwenza ukubonwa.

Uxhumano futhi ikhebula legatsha cores futhi izintambo kuyenziwa ngokucindezela, brazing, Welding, usebenzisa izibopho ekhethekile. Nokubekwa yesikhashana amandla grids akuvunyelwe, ngaphandle kwalapho ukwakhiwa isebenza.

Futhi akunakwenzeka ukuba afeze ukufakwa zangaphandle kagesi wiring namandla emoyeni imigqa phezu awnings ezivuthayo nophahla, yinqwaba iziqukathi, emafektri of izinto ezivuthayo.

ikhava Electric esenqatshelwe futhi kufanele ngezikhathi bahlanza kusuka uthuli. Ukwehluleka kungabangela short circuit, kufanele zithunyelwe ngokushesha.

Engasebenzi kahle izinto zikagesi neze kufanele cisha.

Awukwazi ukusebenzisa izintambo futhi izintambo nge ukwahlukanisa ezilimele, ukusetshenziswa enethiwekhi alithembekile, wire kagesi basontane ukuba hang on izibani, izingubo kanye nezinye izinto.

Kwamanzi uma kwenzeka umlilo namandla okucima ngaso

Fire hydrants njalo kufanele ngaphansi yesondlo kanye nokuqapha ukusebenza kwabo. Kufanele unikezwe i-emikhonweni afakwe amakhabethe uphawu. Lezi hoses kumele igcinwe ifomu ezomile, kahle usongwa futhi unamathele crane. Kanye ngonyaka, ke wabenza hlola ekushayweni amanzi.

Zonke izikhungo zokunakekela ingane kufanele banetincwadzi imishini umlilo-elwa, kungakhathaliseki khona umlilo hydrants. ezindaweni zawo ibhalwe izinhlelo ukuthuthwa kwabantu ngenxa yengozi (GOST 12.1.114-82).

Ngesandla mlilo (GOST 12.4.009-83) kufanele akhiwe ezingeni ukuphakama kwamamitha hhayi kuka 1.5 ngenhla phansi ku zezitsha ekhethekile, e amakhabethe ngomlilo hydrants. imiyalelo umbhalo amaphakheji zabo kumelwe kubonakale ngokucacile. Uyibeke ezindaweni kalula.

Okunye imishini umlilo-elwa

Njengoba wazi, izakhiwo zihlukaniswe ngezigaba ngokusho degree of umlilo ukumelana. Zezemfundo etholakala ezindaweni zasemakhaya kanye ukuba neziqu komlilo nanokuphikiswa III ukuba V-ke, kuyadingeka ukuba zihlele izikhundla umlilo.

Ihhovisi ngamunye ifakwe sokumelela saziso nge isethi imithombo eyinhloko. Yini siphathelene kubo?

Lokhu isicisha-mlilo ezimbili 10 litre (i-Foam) noma 5 l (i-powder), iladi, ibhakede (4 nama-PC.), Izingwegwe, izimbazo, namafosholo - 2 izicucu, ezimbili imiphongolo wamanzi 0.25 cubic metres .. (Winter - amabhokisi isihlabathi).

Sebenzisa zokucisha abezindaba izinjongo zezomnotho kanye nezinye akuvumelekile.

Izicishamlilo izimfuneko amakamelo ehlukene

I emakilasini kufanele ibekwe ukuba kuphela ezidingekayo ukuze inqubo ebhukwinitifundvo, ifenisha, tinkhulumo, amathuluzi nokunye. amakhemikhali Isitolo Kudingeka laborantskih noma ezinye amakamelo ezikhethekile emashalofini noma amakhabethe.

Kuboniswa amaslayidi, amaslayidi, kuhambisana nezidingo ezikhethekile. Le sethingi uzkoplenochnogo ifilimu wokudlala noma wama-slide ngakolunye uhlangothi umnyango, ngenkathi khona eyodwa kuphela iqembu labafundi (keli-50.), Amasevisi Ukufakwa abantu abaqeqeshiwe, isitoreji kwamafilimu amasilayidi amabhokisi uphawu.

Ekuqhubeni imisebenzi uhlamvu kwamasiko kanye mass phambi sebeqala ihlolwe ngokucophelela zonke imizila ukuthuthwa kwabantu ngenxa yengozi zokuphuma, umlilo imishini yokulwa, nebubi kuyaqedwa.

Phakathi isenzo babelwe komsebenzi abaphathi nabafundi basesikoleni esiphakeme. uthisha Zibe Abantu Abadala Abavuthiwe liyadingeka ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuba nezingane, ukuze bafundiswe ku izinyathelo zokuphepha futhi baphume oda.

ukuphepha Fire esikoleni - imisebenzi

Uma into ine mina noma II degree komlilo ukumelana, imicimbi yamasiko esiyolandelwa kunoma iyiphi phansi, futhi izakhiwo ukuba neziqu III-V - kuphela kuqala. Kulokhu odongeni kumele lemva. Ngo emagcekeni egumbini elingaphansi futhi phansi izibuya ubambe imicimbi yomphakathi azivumelekile.

Ukugcwalisa amahholo abantu phezu ejwayelekile akuvumelekile. Inani lezihlalo kumugqa ngaphandle igebe phakathi kwabo - akukho ezithile ngaphezulu kuyinsakavukela. Kuyefana nasendleleni ibanga phakathi imigqa. Kwezinkambiso kubalwa izinhloso kuncike ekilasini yokumelana umlilo futhi baphume amakhono.

Ububanzi izindinyana lezi zindawo kumele kube imitha eyodwa okungenani. Intersecting noma zingashayisani ukusakaza kokushiya abantu akufanele kube. Ukuze wehlise ububanzi izindinyana bese ufake izindawo ezengeziwe akuvunyelwe phakathi imigqa.

Fire New Year

Ake sixoxe ngamaholide - abayikho sifaneleka ikakhulu ukuphepha komlilo esikoleni. Imicimbi uhlamvu mass kungenzeka kuphela ukuhlangabezana eziningi izidingo. Lapho efeza isihlahla sikaKhisimusi umhlobiso kwehholo kwenziwa ngogesi abaqeqeshiwe. Illumination igibele ngokuphephile, nemiklamo amalambu kumelwe namandla ngaphezu 25 Watts.

amakhebuli kagesi ukusuthisa ukukhanyisa - Nezimo, ne ukwahlukanisa okuhle, ixhunywe amapayipi plug.

Endabeni ka ukwehluleka kwesihlahla okukhanyisa Christmas kumele ngokushesha shaqa ukulungisa inkinga.

Suit izingane kanye nabantu abadala zikakotini, amaphepha noma ezinye izinto ezivuthayo ayivunyelwe.

Ayikwazi ukusetshenziselwa ekuklanyweni isihlahla Celluloid amathoyizi, amakhandlela iziqhumane, kanye ukuhlobisa ukuma futhi amagatsha zikakotini.

Uma umlilo ayikaze yenzeke

Okokuqala, kufanele banakekele kuhlengwe izingane. Lapho umlilo itholwa izimpawu isikhungo umsebenzi kumele ngokushesha shayela abezicishamlilo, ikheli oshayayo, esikhundleni dislocation komlilo, isikhundla sayo kanye negama. Khona-ke, akwazisa abantu mayelana nomcimbi, qala ukukhulula izingane endaweni ephephile usebenzisa uhlelo umlilo yokuphunyuka. Qiniseka ukuthi azise izehlakalo umphathi noma iphini lakhe, ukuhlela umhlangano lomlilo ukusiza ekubekeni izimali atholakalayo.

Inhloko-ejensi, owafika umlilo, kufanele ukugada sibaleka, susa endaweni umlilo abangabhalisile wahlanganyela ekuvalweni umlilo, uma kunesidingo, shayela "ambulensi."

Izinyathelo enqubeni ye baphume, zokucisha

umlilo imithetho yokuphepha esikoleni idinga amakhono yezimayini automaticity yokuziphatha ezinganeni nakubantu abadala. Okokuqala, kufanele uthole ukuthi nemizila ephephile futhi kweminyango, ekuvimbeleni ukwethuka. Ukuze wenze lokhu, bothisha nani bayanxuswa ukuba angamshiyi abafundi zingagadiwe kuze nokuqedwa ephelele umlilo. Okokuqala aphume izingane ezigulayo futhi ezincane.

Ebusika, izingane olungenakuzisiza kudingeka wenze noma ukuhoxisa, wazicabangela izingubo ezifudumele noma izingubo zokulala, abadala ozokwenza noma ukuthatha nabo izingubo.

Zonke amakamelo Bahlola ngokucophelela ukuthi akukho muntu ukufihla ngaphansi kwedeski noma closet, Imiphumela kukhona isethi izikhundla ukuvimbela ukubuya kwabantu ezindaweni eziyingozi.

Akufanele alime amafasitela nezicabha bengena, kanye knock out ingilazi ukuze ugweme ukusabalala kwaleso intuthu nomlilo.

izenzo Kuncono futhi ifike ngesikhathi kuthathwe uma kunengozi yomlilo kungasindisa ukuphila, okuyinto uyovela isimo nge umonakalo omncane.