Arbolit - ukubuyekezwa. Arbolit: Ukwakheka, ukukhiqizwa. Indlu arbolita

On izinto eziningi zanamuhla eziye zavela emakethe muva nje, kukhona okubuyayo kakhulu. Arbolit bohlanga ngokhonkolo ukukhanya, kufakwe hlangana nenani labo. It isetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko ukuze kwakhiwe izindonga ngodonga. Nakuba arbolit futhi kubhekwa izinto ezintsha, indlu yaso eyakhelwe ngaphakathi 60-yalolucwaningo. Nokho, ngaleso sikhathi kuthandwa kakhulu ayisetshenziswa. Iqiniso lokuthi yezokwakha ezimele izindlu e-USSR awuzange athuthukiswe kahle. Ukuze emikhulu ukwakhiwa isetshenziswa izinto ezahlukene kakhulu. arbolit Yakhelwe wayengekho ezweni lethu, futhi e-Netherlands, in the 30s. Amayunithi lokuqala ayebizwa ngokuthi dyurisolom.

Okwenza arbolit

I arbolita Ukwakheka kuhlanganisa izingxenye ezifana usimende, amanzi kanye izithasiselo chemical, kanye yamathebhu organic. Njengoba yokugcina ingasetshenziswa chips izinkuni, sawdust, irayisi utshani, amakhoba futhi bulrush t. D. amayunithi ukukhiqizwa nokwakhiwa Monolithic izindonga izinkuni ukhonkolo esetshenziswa Portland amamaki aphezulu. Njengoba lisetshenziswe amakhemikhali izithasiselo nitrate kanye ne-calcium chloride, noma i-sodium silicate.

Ezimweni eziningi, le yamathebhu e ingxube chips izinkuni. Ngakho-ke arbolit ngezinye izikhathi ebizwa ngokuthi derevobetonom. Ngezinye izikhathi, esikhundleni chips kuthathwe imvuthuluka. Kulokhu, kuvela opilkobeton. Lezi amabhlogo athé kubo mubi kunothango arbolit ekhiqizwa usebenzisa chip ukusebenza. Okokuqala, zingabantu luthe ukuqina, kanti libe nzima ngokwengeziwe, futhi okwesibili, nivame deformations. Nokho, kubo, kukhona okubuyayo kakhulu. Arbolit zilwane, ngaphezu kwalokho, ke ushibhile kancane.

Ukwahlukanisa nezici arbolita

Okwamanje kunezinhlobo ezimbili kuphela izinhlobo ezinkulu impahla: a ukwahlukanisa ukushisa (kokuba 400-500 kg / M3 ukuminyana) takhi (500-850 kg / M3). Izici kusukela arbolita ekhiqizwa usebenzisa chip yilezi:

1. amandla Flexural - 1MPa.
2. Kokucindezela - 1 MPA.
3. Isilinganiso kwabantu - 600-650kg / M3.
4. Degree yamanzi ukumuncwa - 40% -85%.
5. Ukumelana Frost - nowe-50.
6. conductivity ezishisayo - 0,07-0,17 W / (m · K).
7. Ukuncipha - 0.4% -0,5%.
8. Absorption - 126-2000 Hz.

Ngakho, amabhlogo we arbolita kahle ukuqonda yonke emisindvweni lechamuka emgwaqweni, ukugcina ukushisa kahle futhi uqine ngokwanele njengoba amandla compressive futhi flexural. Izinga nokusebenza impahla eduze ukhonkolo Foam futhi isisindo ephansi kakhulu nokuthi leso senzo senziwe conductivity ezishisayo kuka omningi walo ukhonkolo engasindi.

amagama Okunye arbolita

Ezweni lethu, le nto ngisho noma hhayi kudala, kodwa isuke isihlale isikhathi basithole wokubuyekezwa okuvumelekile. Arbolit phesheya futhi ethandwa kakhulu isikhathi eside. Emabhuloki panel owenziwe ngosimende exutshwe shavings, sawdust, nezinye izinhlobo yamathebhu organic, ekhiqizwa emazweni amaningi aseYurophu futhi Melika. Athi ngokuthi kancane ehlukile. Ngokwesibonelo, e-Czech Republic kuyinto pilibeton, Germany - dyuripanel, Japan - chenteri-Boado, Austria - Velox, US nase-Canada - vudstoun.

lapho kusetshenziswa

Arbolit wathola isicelo ikakhulukazi yezokwakha ezimele ongaphakeme liphumele. Blocks ekhiqizwa therefrom. Arbolit basetshenziswe ukuphonsa panel. osayizi zabo zingase zishintshe kakhulu. Phesheya, amabhlogo izinkuni ukhonkolo kanye amapuleti ngezinye izikhathi asetshenziswa ukuze kwakhiwe ephezulu liphumele izakhiwo, kanye izindawo ezahlukene ezimbonini. Nakuba wakha isisekelo sale impahla is hhayi Kunconywa, ngezinye izikhathi le njongo, ke isasetshenziswa. Kodwa hhayi izakhiwo zokuhlala kanye emagalaji izindlu.

ingxube Izinkuni-ukhonkolo, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ngezinye izikhathi lisetshenziselwa njengoba yisivikelo ezishisayo ezindlini uzimele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, it is batheleka odongeni lapho wokwakha kolodtsevoy.

Izinzuzo yomkhiqizo kanye nokubuyekeza ngakho

Ukwahlulela nge izibuyekezo Arbol, inzuzo yayo esemqoka kubhekwa kakhulu izimfanelo olubamba ukushisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinto "uphefumula". Izindonga arbolita uyakwazi iyavuleka umswakama emoyeni uma ukweqisa futhi unike kubika iDaily News. Okungukuthi, ngokuvumelana nezici zayo eziyinhloko, le nto sifana esihlahleni. Kulokhu, kuba ngokuphelele elingenalo amaphutha ayo, njengoba abolile futhi ngokuhlaziya. Ngokungafani ukhuni, le nto ayizange umboleke uqobo kokushisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezindongeni izinkuni ukhonkolo neze isikhunta livela. izakhiwo ezakhiwa eyenziwe le nto ngokushesha ngokwanele, ngoba kulula kakhulu ukucubungula. Uma kudingeka, amayunithi kungaba sokuprakthiza, wabona, isando izinzipho kuzo futhi isikulufa e ngezikulufo. Njengoba le nto ukala impela kancane, asikho isidingo ekwakhiweni sisekelo lesicinile kakhulu.

Okubalulekile abanikazi abaningi ezindaweni suburban Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ukuthuthwa amabhlogo izinkuni ukhonkolo noma panel akudingeki ukuba sikhathazeke ngokuthi baphephile. Le nto has a ukumelana nomthelela imithwalo. I undoubted inzuzo arbolita bakholwe nokuhlanzeka kwemvelo. Lokhu kwaziswa ngokuphelele ephephile ezempilo.

ukukhiqizwa arbolita kanye nokusebenzisa kwayo ekwakhiweni kwezindlu lunomthelela omuhle emnothweni iyonke. Ngo womshini Izingxube hhayi nje ukuba kuhlelwe, futhi isicelo nokusetshenziswa imfucuza ukhuni umkhakha. Phakathi ukwakhiwa arbolita asikho isidingo ukusebenzisa ogandaganda, okwagcina kuholela Ukonga okukhulu.

nemibi impahla

Njengoba sekushiwo, le nto, ngokuyinhloko kunezigaba okubuyayo kuphela. Arbolit Nokho, akuyona into inezici ezithile ezingathandeki. Kuyinto ngaphezu kwakho konke ukusebenza esikhundleni abampofu amandla futhi umswakama ukumelana. Ukuze odongeni kwale nto izothatha isikhathi eside, kufanele uqiniseke ukuthi grout. Kulokhu egumbini ohlangothini ezisetshenziswa usimende-isihlabathi esigqulweni, futhi sivela esitaladini - isihlabathi-usimende, exutshwe lime. Njengoba evikelekile ngaphandle izindonga izinkuni ukhonkolo kungaba nezinye izinhlobo kuphela. It is hhayi Kunconywa ukusebenzisa le nto ukuze kwakhiwe izindlu zokugezela kanye sauna. Kunoma ikuphi, nomswakama egumbini esizayo kumele singeqi 70-75%. Cap endlini, ogama izindonga zakhiwe arbolita, kufanele ephakanyiswe ukuphakama hhayi ngaphansi kuka 50 cm ebusweni endaweni abayizimpumputhe. Ukuhamba uphahla kumelwe futhi khulumela ayizikwele okwakha indiza okungenani isigamu imitha.

Enye kusimo arbolita thola ukuntengantenga lakhe amagesi ezonakalisayo. Kufanele ishiwo izindleko kuqhathaniswa eliphezulu le nto.

ukukhiqizwa arbolita

senqubo yokukhiqiza amabhlogo kuhlanganisa izinyathelo eziyisisekelo ezimbalwa:

1. I eqoqwe chips pre-luthuli bese ihlelwa. Ukuze uthole yamathebhu zesandulela usayizi othile, it is badabula ngesihlungo ekhethekile.
2. obespylivajut Landelayo chips.
3. Khona-ke, ngaleyo ndlela yamathebhu ukulungele kuyinto exutshwe usimende, amanzi kanye izithasiselo chemical.
4. Isixazululo kwaphumela is batheleka isikhunta. Laba ngokuvamile eyinsimbi kusukela ngale ndlela kungenzeka ukuthola amabhlogo bushelelezi ngokuphelele sleek.
5. Ingxube kwaba amafomu ohlangene. Ngenxa yalesi vibropress njongo.
6. Ingxube kugcinwa ifomu phambi solidification.
7. amabhlogo eseziqediwe omisiwe okungenani amaviki amabili ngaphambi mpahla esakhiweni, njengoba musa sithole amandla anele inqobo.

Indlela yokwenza siqu amabhlogo yakho izinkuni ukhonkolo

Ukwenza arbolita ezimweni ekhaya - inqubo ukuthi nayo idinga ukugcinwa ubuchwepheshe ezithile. Amafomu kungenziwa wehliswa kwamapulangwe yabo. Kumele kube egoqekayo. Ngokuba ukulungiswa 1 m ³ ingxube at 250-300 kg Portland ezinhlanu isidingo wokuhamba ukuthatha inani elifanayo chips amalitha 400 amanzi 2-4% ngesisindo sezinti amakhemikhali usimende. Oku-chips kufanele sifted ngokucophelela. Le nqubo kuzosusa izinhlayiya emikhulu kakhulu.

Mixer kuthululwe chips uwathele ngamanzi ne izithasiselo siphela. Konke lokhu kahle exubile, futhi kuphela bese ufaka usimende. Ngemva kwengoma iba homogenous ngokugcwele, yalala efomini. Kwakamuva zangaphambi gcoba nosimende lime. I amathayela kwenziwa, tamping ngokucophelela ingxube. Ukuze phezulu akufanele sezifika 2 cm. Lomqulu asele ligcwele isixazululo usimende. Abamelana emabhuloki amafomu hhayi ngaphansi kosuku olulodwa, bese omunye amasonto amabili omisiwe ngaphansi kombhede. Mayelana impahla, waphonsa ngendlela, kukhona Izibuyekezo ngokwanele ezinhle. Arbolit enziwe lobu buchwepheshe, kufanelekile ukwakhiwa indlu futhi ezakhiweni zamatshe aqoshiwe izindonga. Eyokwakha izisekelo lokhu okubalulekile akufanele isetshenziswe, njengoba amandla akhethekile ukumelana umswakama kwehlukile.

Yini okufanele mina funa uma uthenga amabhlogo

Lapho uthenga amabhlogo izinkuni ukhonkolo kumelwe niqaphelisise. Kwimakethe kungabhekwa njengokuvikela eliphezulu ebonakalayo, futhi akekho ngakho. Kungcono ukuthenga imikhiqizo ezinkampani ezinkulu. Ngokuvamile, amayunithi enjalo aqiniswe osayizi eziningana.

Indlela yokwakha indlu arbolita

Lapho ukwakha izindonga amayunithi enjalo athobele ubuchwepheshe efanayo e kubekwa ongavamile. Lokhu kusho okokuqala kumele kwenziwe bandaging amalunga omzimba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izindonga zakhelwe nge yomthofu wokumisa futhi ezingeni.

Uma wayefisa, ungakwazi ukwakha indlu arbolita kanye nobunye ubuchwepheshe. Kulokhu, amayunithi alwenziwa. Ingxube is ayifake shuttering ezifakwe washayiseka amabhodi sokhuni. Futhi kumelwe lisetshenziswe yezinyoni abalwazi kahle ulimi. Njengoba yenziwe olinganise ngokufanayo amabhlogo, ingxube is batheleka formwork 25 cm izingqimba. Wayekholelwa ukuthi ungqimba ngalunye ram ngokucophelela. I formwork kungaba zisuswe futhi ngemva kosuku potting ukuxubana ihlelwe kabusha.

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi arbolit ukubekezelela kahle okusezingeni eliphezulu umswakama okuqukethwe, okwamanje, yena ngempela omunye izinto kunazo zonke esetshenziswa ukwakhiwa kwezindlu zangasese. amabhlogo ababhekene nesimo esinje kungabaduduza esakhiwe isakhiwo nokusebenza kakhulu. Kodwa ingaphansi wonke amalungiselelo ubuchwepheshe.