Ikhekhe le-Mustard: isicelo ku-horticulture (ukubuyekezwa)

Umuthi wesinaphi uyaziwa kuwo wonke umuntu. Leli spice elihle, eligcwalisa ngokuphelele inyama, inhlanzi, izitsha zemifino, lisetshenziselwa ukulungiselela pizza, sandwich. Izakhi zalo zokwelapha nazo ziyaziwa: amasinaphi asisiza ngesikhathi sokubanda, inyawo elishisayo lokugeza nge-mustard lisiza ukuqeda ukukhwehlela.

Abazizwayo bayazi ukuthi lwesinaphi sinamafutha ahlanzekile avela ezitsheni, imbewu kanye namafutha lwesinaphi bathole uhlelo lokusebenza ekugcineni nasekugcinweni kwemikhiqizo eminingi engashintshayo. AmaGreki asendulo ayebheka isardada i-aphrodisiac eqinile.

Itafula lwesinaphi, esiludla namhlanje, laqala ukulungiswa eRoma lasendulo. Lesi simila esimangalisayo sihlwanyiswa emhlabeni jikelele. Okuhlukile kuphela i-Arctic ne-Antarctica. Kodwa izinambuzane eziningi zensimu, ngokungafani nendoda, ayithandi isinaphi. Lokhu kufanele kucatshangelwe ngabalimi kanye nabalimi beloli, ikakhulukazi labo abaphikisana ngokuyinhloko nezibulala-zinambuzane futhi bakhetha umquba ophilayo ovumela ukukhula imifino kanye nezithelo eziphilayo

Ikhekhe lembewu yesinaphi

Inzuzo yama-fertilizer ephilayo ukuthi awugculisi imifino nezithelo ngamakhemikhali anobungozi, ukusetshenziswa kwabo akubandakanyi ukubukeka kwemiphumela lapho kusetshenziswa ukudla okuvunyiwe. Kodwa ngeshwa, iningi lalezi zidakamizwa linikeza umphumela wesikhashana.

Isinaphi esitshalwe esakhiweni sinomthelela wokuphulukisa emhlabathini iminyaka embalwa emva kokuvuna. Lesi sitshalo sibhekisela ezingxenyeni ezingezansi, eziphakamisa izinto eziwusizo kusukela ekujuleni komhlabathi kuya phezulu, ziphikisa izinambuzane, zinciphisa ukukhula kwamadlelo. Lokhu kungenye yezitshalo eziphilayo ezingabizi kakhulu, esincoma ukuthi uzisebenzise kusayithi lakho.

Kodwa hhayi nje isitshalo esitshaliwe siyaphulukisa inhlabathi. Isetshenziswa kakhulu njengomanyolo kanye nekhekhe le-mustard amafutha, etholakala ngemva kokucubungula imbewu yesinaphi. Ngezimfanelo zayo zokudla okunomsoco, idlula i-biohumus nomquba. Izinto ezikulo, ungapheli nje izinambuzane ezilimazayo, kodwa futhi nezinduku, zivimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo eziningi zezitshalo.

Izinzuzo zomanyolo

Ikhekhe le-Mustard liwumanyolo ophilayo onomsebenzi we-phytosanitary nokufeza indima ye-biofuel. Amakhilogremu ayishumi ale mkhiqizo esikhundleni somitha wamakhiyamu omquba.

Umanyolo ungaphulukisa izifo eziningi zezitshalo, ukwesaba i-wireworm ne-slugs, nematodes kanye ne-weevils, ama-rodents. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lwesinaphi sekhishi (ukubuyekezwa okuqinisekisa lokhu) lisetshenziselwa ukulwa nesanqante ne-fly bulbous, ukuhlanza inhlabathi emzimbeni wokubola, kuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwe-phytophthora.

Lokhu kuyimvelo enomusa, ephilayo, ephezulu, engumumo ohambisanayo, owomhlabathi owomileyo. Umanyolo uthuthukisa isakhiwo somhlabathi kanye nosawoti umbuso, uphinde uvuse izintuthwane. It isetshenziswa kokubili ekwindla kanye entwasahlobo ukumba umhlaba, futhi ukufaka umanyolo wendawo (ngamunye kahle) sitshalo.

Zonke izakhi ezakha umanyolo zifomu lezinto eziphilayo. Lokhu kunomthelela ekondleni okugcwele kwezitshalo, futhi kuqinisekiswe ukuvimbela ukuqoqwa kwe-nitrate ezitshalweni zemifino. Amafutha omhlwanyela ophulukisiwe, ngenxa yemvelaphi yawo yemvelo, iziqinisekiso, ekusebenziseni kwawo, ukungabi khona kwezitshalo ezivuthiwe zezakhi zamakhemikhali ezinobungozi, izinsimbi ezinzima, ama-rayonuclides ayingozi emzimbeni womuntu.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, lwesinaphi sekhekhe, ukusetshenziswa okuthandwa kakhulu njalo ngonyaka, ngokungafani nemifino eminingi engavamile, ayiqukethe imbewu yokhula, izinhlamvu zamagciwane, i-mycelia, amaqanda ama-parasites. Kungenxa yalesi sizathu ukuthi abalimi abaningi bathambekele ekusebenziseni leli thuluzi elithile.

Ikhekhe lamafutha e-Mustard: sebenzisa ukulima

Ikhekhe lembewu yesinaphi ngumanyolo jikelele: ungasetshenziselwa ukutshala utamatisi namazambane, iklabishi. Kulesi simo, into encane yokwengeza iyongezwa emthonjeni. Ungasebenzisa ukwakheka futhi uma utshala isithombo, izaqathe nezinye izitshalo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ikhekhe limbozwe ikhekhe, njengosawoti, i-powdering ungqimba omncane womhlaba ovela phezulu. Ukusetshenziswa - akukho ngaphezu kuka-1 kg / m².

Kungcono ukusebenzisa ikhekhe le-mustard entwasahlobo, ekwindla noma eyokuhlobisa ihlobo. Isicelo ekulimeni (ukubuyekezwa kubonisa imiphumela emihle) yalolu umanyolo usebenza ngezitshalo eziningi zemifino nezithelo. Ukusetshenziswa kwekhekhe kusafana.

Namuhla abalimi abaningi kanye nabalimi bamaloli basebenzisa ikhekhe lesinaphi. Ukusetshenziswa komanyolo ekutshalweni kwezithombo kwenza kube lula ukuthuthukisa isakhiwo somhlabathi, ukuwukhipha amagciwane nge-phytophthora.

Ukutshala izihlahla

Eminyakeni yamuva, ikhekhe le-mustard eliqinisekisiwe. Ukusetshenziswa kwalo kulungile uma utshala izihlahla eziningi zezithelo. Isibonelo, i-sitrobheli yenziwa ngokutshala isipuni sekhekhe, futhi isetshenziswe njengomanyolo, isakaze ngaphansi kwehlathi futhi ifafaze umhlaba ngomhlaba.

Ingabe ukudlula ngokweqile kuyingozi?

Ephaketheni ngalinye lomanyolo amazinga okusetshenziswa okuqondile akhonjisiwe (sibonele wona). Kodwa ochwepheshe bathi ukudlula kancane akuyona ingozi kumuntu noma izitshalo.

Indlela yokugcina ikhekhe?

Gcina umanyolo ekamelweni elomile elomile, ekushiseni okungaphezulu kokuphepha ephepheni elivaliwe noma epulasitiki. Ukwakhiwa akunawo ukulinganiselwa empilweni yeshalofu.

Ikhekhe le-Mustard: isicelo ku-horticulture, ukubuyekezwa

Abalimi abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi ikhekhe lamahlamvu lwesinaphi liphumelela kakhulu, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, ithuluzi eliphephile okufanele lisetshenziswe lapho likhula imifino nezithelo nezitshalo zeberry. Isicelo salo ngeke sibangele ubunzima ngisho nokuqala balimi nabalimi: imiyalelo eningiliziwe ifakwe kwiphakethe ngalinye lomuthi.

Abantu abaningi bathi kusisize ukuqeda u-wireworm, ibhere, i-beetle ye-Colorado. Abanini bezithelo abanokuhlangenwe nakho bathi ikhekhe lesinaphiwa lilungiswa eliyingqayizivele elihlanganisa izici ezimbalwa ezibalulekile: i-phytosanitary, nokudla kahle kakhulu, nokuvikelwa okuthembekile ezinambuzane. Abaningi bathi, emva kokuqala kokuzama ukusebenzisa ikhekhe, amazambane azitshalwe ngaphandle kwalokhu kumanyolo: izilimo eziyizigaxa zimba amakhulu, enempilo, ngaphandle kweminyundu.

Futhi elinye iphuzu elithakazelisayo mayelana nesicelo. Amafutha omkhunta ophulukisiwe angasetshenziswa njengendlela yokulwa ne- weevil kwi-strawberries noma e-raspberries: nje ufafaza amaqabunga nge-pomace. Ngentwasahlobo, hlambulula isitshalo se-strawberries (lokhu kusebenza kuma-raspberries, ama-currants abomvu nabomnyama, i-gooseberries, i-roses nezinye izikhathi eziphilayo). Phansi emhlabathini ozungeze amahlumela, uthele ngekhekhe lamafutha e-mustard. Engeza izakhi ("Biohumus", "Organit") bese ufafaza umhlaba, okungcono ukungena emgqonyeni we-compost noma endaweni lapho isikhukhula sikhula khona. Ngakho ukondla izitshalo, ukhiphe izinambuzane futhi uvikele izihlahla ezivela ezifweni ze-fungal.