Ihlathi Izintuthwane: incazelo zilwane, izinzuzo kanye efanele ibe kuhlu lokuhlukumezeka

Kulesi sihloko sifuna ukukhuluma mayelana toilers Amazing - izintuthwane. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi sikuphi, bonke abasizungezile - mancane futhi ukucasha. Bahlala emhlabeni wonke. Ikakhulukazi eziningi kubo ehlathini. Abanalo isikhathi ukuyeka, zombili izinyawo kuthiwa kukhasa kakade nokubhuqa Ukugodola.

Ngobani izintuthwane?

Izintuthwane - kuyinto umndeni izinambuzane intuthwane superfamily. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi lena amalungu amaningana kakhulu yawo wonke umkhaya. Kuyini interesting kangaka ngalezi zidalwa? Naphezu kobungako nobuningi bayo amancane, babe inhlangano eyinkimbinkimbi yomphakathi wakubo. Kukhona ngisho isayensi ukuthi study izintuthwane nasekuziphatheni kwabo, ngokuthi myrmecology.

Kunzima ukuchaza ukuhlukahluka lezi zinambuzane, ngakho-ke siyakhuluma kuphela izinkuni izintuthwane, okuyinto ngokuvamile sihlangana. Phakathi Eurasia, njengoba umthetho, ungathola izinhlobo ezintathu. Yilokho ngakho ngingathanda bakutshele okwengeziwe.

myrmica rubra

Myrmica - uhlobo izintuthwane elincane elibomvu kabani obuphelele imayelana ezine kuya ngamasentimitha amahlanu. Umzimba uba nombala ezisukela ophuzi ibe bomvu nonsundu. Lolu hlobo kuvamile kakhulu Eurasia. ukhuni okunjalo izintuthwane ngokuvamile zitholakala futhi ezimfundeni, futhi izingadi, ukuncintisana kanye owaziwa abamnyama. Kuvele iqiniso elithakazelisayo baye balufunda hhayi kuphela izilwane zasendle, kodwa futhi ebukeka ezisemadolobheni. Izintuthwane elincane elibomvu ukusebenzisa lokuntinyela ushevu zokuzivikela, okuyinto umphumela ngempela ubuhlungu emzimbeni, ikakhulukazi uma Ukulunywa eziningi. Kwesinye isikhathi abantu ukuqala ukusabela iguliswa ngenxa uxhumane ne acid (formic).

Myrmica indlela yokuphila

Nokho, izinambuzane ngokwabo bakwazi ukuhlasela nolaka kuphela uma ezilimele intuthwane entabeni yabo ehlathini. myrmica esidlekeni esakhiwe phansi, ngaphansi amatshe futhi isihlahla iziphunzi, hummocks moss. Imindeni yabo phakathi kuka-10 no-12 eziyinkulungwane. Ngezinye efanayo izinsikazi amaqanda-laying kungaba kuze izinhlamvu ezingamakhulu. amalungu omkhaya othile bahlala izidleke eziningana, okuyinto kuhlobene hhayi kuphela izindlela eliwumhlaba, kodwa futhi amavesi ngomshoshaphansi. Ezinye zalezi "izindlu" zingezaphakade basuke owakhiwe unyaka wonke. Abanye zakhiwo kwesizini Ngokwemvelo, izinambuzane ukuzisebenzisa kuphela ehlobo. Ngaphambi ubuthongo basebusika wonke amalungu omndeni omkhulu elahlala izindlu olubanzi unomphela.

ihlobo ezindlini zabo izintuthwane encane esetshenziselwa ukutshala eziningi izibungu, iziphungumangathi kanye aphid basal.

Myrmica zisizakala ngezinyamazane ezingenamgogodla ezincane zidla umpe izimbali, sikhule amakoloni aphid phezu izimpande isitshalo. Cinga izintuthwane ukudla wahlanganyela kwesimo endaweni. Ukuthola ukudla, bashiya iminonjana olfactory, bese ubuyela esidlekeni usizo futhi bafinyelele eziphethweni ezinembile abafowethu e izibazi efanayo.

Formica rufa

Lolu hlobo izintuthwane unamahlangothi isilinganiso. Kodwa Formica rufa uwodwa uneqhaza elikhulu lokuvikeleka kwezifiso ezisemqoka amahlathi kusuka izinambuzane. Inani labo kuphezulu kakhulu. Izintuthwane ezibomvu ziyabonakala kufakwe Incwadi Red.

Izinambuzane bakha izindlu zabo ngendlela a yinqwaba enkulu Isigaxa emise kulo lonke ihlathi. Ubukhulu izintuthwane eziyizisebenzi ukufinyelela amamilimitha angu ayisishiyagalolunye. Banezinhliziyo esiswini omnyama inhloko brown. Isiduli esikhulu bakha kusukela izinaliti amahlumela awo amancane. Kungase kubonakale ukuthi ngezikhathi doti zihlakazeke, kodwa akunjalo. Cabanga ukuthi, ngisho imvula enkulu isiduli esikhulu amaconsi engakutholi ezimanzi, nawo onke amavesi layo langaphakathi bunjalo futhi yomile. Ukuphakama endlini intuthwane ayisikhombisa amasentimitha ifinyelela. Futhi amamitha ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nengxenye. Yakha izinambuzane ngokuvamile uqale ku iziphunzi ubudala.

Ingxenye engaphandle yendlu wenziwe manzi, kodwa nomswakama ngaphakathi intuthwane uhlala njalo okusezingeni eliphezulu. Lokhu kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba kukhule futhi putrefy izakhi yemifino, zazo isakhiwo sonke yakhiwe. Kuyinto le nqubo heats yonke indlu. Uma kudingeka, ukulungisa indlu yakho izintuthwane, bethwele izingxenye ubudala futhi kufakwe endaweni yawo entsha, ezomile. Isiduli esikhulu njalo asuswe ngaphandle nibonakala kubantu nilungile sikhuthazele engadingeki ukudla doti, amaqanda igobolondo zezilwane.

ukuphila komkhaya

Inqubo zenkohlakalo yangaphakathi akagcini naphakade. kwakhiwa Ngenxa yalesi zone is ngaphakathi endlini nge lokushisa eliphezulu kanye nomswakama. izibungu, amaqanda futhi iziphungumangathi zigcinwa lapha. Kukhona futhi izindlu izibalo obaluleke kunayo isiduli esikhulu - kwesibeletho, okuyinto waziphatha amaqanda laying, kulandele okunye wabheka emva zilaliswe umzanyana.

Endlini ngayinye uphila intuthwane indlovukazi. Ngezinye izikhathi kuyenzeka ukuthi insikazi abasha abaphendukile omunye izidleke ehlobo e isiduli esikhulu esizimele. Ngesikhathi esifanayo kuthatha isikhathi ingxenye izintuthwane eziyizisebenzi, ngoba ngokwayo ngeke nhlobo. Loku brand indlu entsha nge izakhamuzi zayo.

Uma osayizi umndeni inkulu ngokwanele, intuthwane indlovukazi ungaba ngomunye indlovukazi ngaphezulu. Kodwa lokhu kwenzeka kakhulu kuyaqabukela. Kunoma yikuphi, ngisho anthills ezinkulukazi kakhulu asikwazi ukuba izindlovukazi engaphezu kwemibili.

Kukhona futhi esimweni lapho esifazane phathelana indlovukazi esidlekeni, asele ngaphandle kwesibeletho. Nokho, lesi simo ivelakancane, ngokuvamile in the woods nzima ukuthola isiduli esikhulu unowned.

Izintuthwane badle?

Ihlathi izintuthwane siphile imikhaya eminingi, ngamunye ephethe indawo yayo, okuyinto kuqashelwe ngokucophelela. Ezweni labo zabezizwe azivumelekile.

Noma yimuphi incazelo intuthwane njalo iqala ngendaba yomsebenzi wakhe onzima. Futhi ukuzonda ngesizathu esihle. I zilokazane eqinile ukuze alethe esidlekeni izinambuzane, okuyinto ngenhla isisindo sabo. Futhi uma inyamazane likhulu kakhulu, bese-ke ilethwa bebonke. Lapho egubha izintuthwane kungase kubonakale ukuthi kuphela ukugxambukela nomunye, kodwa akuyona. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi laliyini, kodwa ukukhiqizwa kuyinto isiduli esikhulu. Kunzima ukukucabanga, kodwa nsuku zonke le zidalwa ezikhuthele udonse umbhangqwana ezinkulungwane zezinambuzane.

Izintuthwane ezakha ekudleni izibungu zikaphayini sawfly amacimbi namafosholo, esihlahleni se-okhi leaf, isiphungumangathi ezihlukahlukene izimvemvane. Izazi zilinganisela ukuthi izakhamuzi omunye isiduli esikhulu labo abazokwazi ngokuvikela ngokumelene izinambuzane kuze kufinyelele ehektheleni omunye ihlathi. Nakhu umsebenzi omkhulu kokwenza umsebenzi lezi zilokazane. Kunzima ukubukela phansi ngeqhaza labo impilo zezitsha ihlathi.

Izintuthwane ngokuletha ukudla, sabelana nabanye nabanye abantu abasebenza zokuhlanza, nannies, izisebenzi zokwakha. Wonke umuntu imithwalo yabo siqu, nokwahlukaniswa kwemisebenzi ekhona. Ukucabangela lokho ugotovlena likalwa ezingeni lokuzalwa futhi incike izidingo isiduli esikhulu.

Kwaphela isikhathi eside kwakucatshangwa ukuthi izintuthwane - izidalwa zafana namarobhothi, nakuba ezikhuthele, ngoba izithakazelo zabo wagxila kuphela umndeni wabo omkhulu. Nokho, ucwaningo lwamuva olwenziwa uholé ochwepheshe ukuphetha ngokuthi yonke into kancane inencasa yayo, bangadlala, kulokho kubambana nomunye, noma umane kweqa ibhola. Ngokusobala, lezi izingane lokujeziselwa ukuthola isikhathi hhayi kuphela umsebenzi kodwa futhi yayiyindawo yokuzijabulisa.

black izintuthwane

Omunye umhlali ihlathi elikhulu elimnyama intuthwane. Ngo ezinkulu sonwele ebolile iziphunzi njalo kanzima kulo mgodi esiyindilinga cortex bese kukhona izinambuzane ekhanda. Lona izintuthwane adumile abamnyama. Babuye ngokuthi izinkuni borers.

Big black intuthwane uhlale ematasa emsebenzini. Ukwakhiwa ngaphakathi iziphunzi Akupheli. zemibukiso eziningi sanda. Kuvele Eqinisweni ezithakazelisayo wukuthi amalungu omkhaya othile zihluke kakhulu nomunye. Nezintuthwane-Ubuhlobo abakhi mancane, kodwa amasosha mikhulu - abanye abantu bafinyelele ngamasentimitha amabili. Nokho, akuyona kuphela incazelo sangaphandle i intuthwane, kodwa futhi ngiziphathe ngayo. Ukusebenza isikhathi emsebenzini, zingabantu ngizikhandle futhi fast. Amasosha enza kancane futhi kube sezingeni ukunyakaza kwabo unhurried ngokuphelele.

borer umgwaqo Underground

Isiqu, okuyinto eyayihlala ezifana izinkuni izintuthwane, sizungezwe sawdust fresh futhi ubudala, okubonisa ukuthi umsebenzi okuqhubekayo. Kulesi round we ekhaya abakwazi ukubona noma yikuphi ngamunye. Idala oyiphutha wokuthi izinambuzane musa ukushiya indawo yokuhlala. Lokhu akulona ngempela kuyiqiniso. Vele ngaphandle awabonakali labo emizileni abawasebenzisayo.

Black ihlathi izintuthwane bagomela ngokwabo e ebusweni inhlabathi izindima komhlaba, okuyinto azifane imigudu ekhona. Ngabe bemqhuba? Kulula: enjalo uhamba inethiwekhi welula ukuvala iziphunzi kanye firs, khona ngombazi ukuletha izinambuzane, impova. imigwaqo Underground - okunye okukhulu imizila ezweni eliyingozi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izwe nzima ukuya lapho uya khona, futhi imihubhe izintuthwane ezihamba ngokushesha. indlela Underground kukhona izicupho ukuze nezinye izinambuzane awela kubo ukuthi. Umbazi ujabule ukusizakala production ezinjalo.

Imikhuba izintuthwane omnyama

Izintuthwane Black abathanda ukushisa, ngakho bakha izindlu zabo ngendlela sekuqala ukufudumala kahle yilanga iziphunzi. Njengezinye izintuthwane ihlathi, limatasa ukusebenza kusukela ekuseni lize liyoshona. Iningi ephilayo phakathi nezinsuku ukufudumala. Ekuseni bayephuza ngoba wazizwa kubanda. Ebusuku sonke isiduli esikhulu ezumeka, amasosha ezinkulu kuphela kukhasa ku isiqu. autologous Small enze wonke umsebenzi elihlobene ne-kwesibeletho kanye izibungu yayo. Amasosha ukuziluma izinkuni, ukuze bathole ukudla, ukuvikela indlu. Underground Imigudu izintuthwane wokutakula sezulu esibi. Ngezikhathi ezinjalo, ukuqeda wonke umsebenzi wangaphandle.

Izinzuzo alethwe yizintuthwane lesnyi

Izintuthwane - isidalwa ewusizo kakhulu. Bona secrete into okuthiwa intuthwane utshwala, kusetshenziswa imithi yokwelapha isifo sokuqaqamba kwamalunga, rheumatism, isifo sokusha kwesibindi, isifo sofuba, isifo sikashukela, nokwehluleka ukusebenza kwezinso. Kuyasiza zindlela futhi ngokweqile nezinwele.

Ihlathi izintuthwane okunenzuzo ukuba ikhava umhlabathi athambise kubo, ngaleyo ndlela ekwandiseni umoya-mpilo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zingabantu ukudla eziningi ihlathi izinyoni: lesiqophamithi, capercaillie, chickadees, grouse emnyama. Sami izintuthwane kudle imali enkulu izinambuzane kuka ukusiza ukugcina emasimini ihlathi.

ethonyeni elilimazayo izinambuzane

Ukuze zonke angasetshenziswa futhi izinambuzane ezibangela umonakalo, wamshaya aphid eziningi. Nokho, wasehlathini emasimini akukubi kunjalo, izinzuzo izintuthwane bulingana umphumela ongemuhle. Kodwa izingadi kanye izingadi aphid cluster kungabangela umonakalo eside.

Kungenye yezinhlekelele Ukulunywa ihlathi izintuthwane njengoba le acid ikhishwe. Ingqikithi okuncane ingozi, kodwa ungakwazi baxabane nomzimba ezifana ukulunywa, ububomvu, ukuvuvukala. Kodwa Ukulunywa eziningi Uyi ukudakwa ezivamile nge inzululwane, ukucanuzela kwenhliziyo, ubuhlungu. Ingabe komzimba kungenza bandisa ubuso nomphimbo, sibekezela, izinguquko ingcindezi. Ngo ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu kungenzeka ukushaqeka anaphylactic.

Formic acid kuyingozi ukuba iso kusukela kudala ukusha. Ukuze wehlise ubuhlungu ngesikhathi bite isicelo ice futhi uthatha antihistamine.