Sergei Diaghilev: Biography, ukuphila siqu, izithombe

Njengoba wazi, ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20 yayiyisikhathi sokunqoba ballet Russian emhlabeni, futhi lokhu sokunconywa oyigugu Sergeya Dyagileva. ngokuvamile ekuphileni kwakhe siqu bekulokhu isihloko izingxoxo evuthayo emphakathini. Nokho, indoda eyakha usomabhizinisi umsebenzi erenki yobuciko, zithethelelwe okuthile eyayizobadabulisa nabanye abaningi wenza inyumbazane.

Biography emfushane Sergeya Dyagileva: esengumntwana nangesikhathi intsha

umhleli Ikusasa "Izinkathi Russian" wazalelwa March 19, 1872 edolobhaneni sifundazwe Selishchi Novgorod emndenini zasebukhosini. Unina, umfana wayengazi khumbula njengoba eshona ngokushesha nje ngemva kokuzalwa kwakhe. Sergei wathatha imfundo nosingamama osemusha wayengowesifazane abafundile futhi behlakaniphile.

Ubaba walo mfana kwaba yezempi, futhi ubelokhu njalo ukuhambisa bengonozulane ngokomsebenzi wakhe umndeni Diaghilev ophoqelelwe. Ngemva kokuphothula esikoleni esiphakeme e Perm e 1890 Sergei Diaghilev waya Petersburg wangena ubuhlakani umthetho. Ngo parallel, wafunda umculo Rimsky-Korsakov.

Kusukela 1896 kuya 1899

Sergei Diaghilev iziqu izifundo eyunivesithi, kodwa ummeli kusukela akwenzekanga ngonyaka 1896. Nokho, ngokushesha waziwa Petersburg njengoba omunye wabasunguli be-magazini ubuciko "World of Art" lokuqala eRussia, hlanganani Vrubel, Serov, Levitan nabanye. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, uSergei Diaghilev nabangane-nomqondo abaseduze ifilosofi yakhe no D. A. N. benua ihlelwe nemibukiso eziningana. Ikakhulukazi, ne enkulu impumelelo labetibambile ukuhlola imisebenzi watercolors German (ngo-1897), imidwebo abaculi zaseScandinavia, imidwebo abaculi Russian futhi Finnish ngesikhathi Museum of the Stieglitz (e 1898) kanye nabanye.

Abasebenzi bakahulumeni

Ngo-1899 umqondisi Amahholo.uma Imperial S. Volkonsky Sergeya Dyagileva oqokelwe isikhundla yesisebenti izabelo ezikhethekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, waphathiswa imithwalo ukuhlela yezincwadi yonyaka, umsebenzi ukungcweliswa ejensi. Diaghilev kwenza umagazini i edition art upscale, futhi ikhanga ukusebenza ngesikhathi Imperial Theatre Vasnetsov, A. Benoit, L. Bakst, u-Alexander Serov, uKonstantin Korovin nabanye. Nokho, ngokubambisana neNhlangano Volkonski uphela pretty masinyane, njengoba Sergei Diaghilev a ukungavumelani abaphathi bakhe ngokuhamba ukulungiswa ballet "USylvia". Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyenzeka ubuhlungu Dmitry Filosofov igebe, okuyinto kubangelwa UZinaida Gippius. Ngenxa yalokho, Diaghilev enquma sokuqeda khona "World of Art" futhi ihamba kusukela Petersburg ngo-1904.

"Izinkathi Russian"

Imvelo asebenzayo of Sergeya Dyagileva nokuxhumana emhlabeni art umvumele ngo-1908 ukuze uhlela itoyitoyi Paris Russian opera "Boris Godunov" by Mussorgsky, "Ruslan futhi Ludmilla" by Glinka et al., Yikuphi kwaba yimpumelelo enkulu.

Ngemva konyaka, ngo-1909, begodu waphakamisa "Izinkathi Russian" lokuqala e-Paris, eyaba umcimbi elikhanyayo empilweni yamasiko yonke iYurophu. Sergeya Dyagileva Ballets wabona eLondon, eRoma, futhi ngisho e-United States. Iphele ballet "Izinkathi" enjalo ngaphambi nje kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala, ngemva kwalokho usomabhizinisi enkulu iye yanquma ukuba ziphume ziphele kuleli zwe kuze kube phakade.

"Ballet Russian"

Isekelwe ku-New York, lapho wayesenalo izinkumbulo fresh yamakhonsathi iqhaza Anna Pavlová, Vatslava Nizhinskogo nezinye abadansi ezidumile Abadansi Sergei Diaghilev wahlela qembu unomphela. Yena waziwa ngokuthi "Ballet Russian", wadonsa kwaze kwaba ngo-1929. Phakathi nale nkathi, Diaghilev Kwakunzima kokudabula ikhefu nge Vatslavom Nizhinskim, owayenguyise into uthando lwakhe zobungqingili iminyaka eminingi. Ayikwazi ukuthethelela lover wakhe umshado ngomshoshaphansi ballerina Romanian Romola Pula, waphinde wenza ubungani nabantazana Mihailom Fokinym. Sokugcina esidalelwe kuye ballets yakhe ephambili kunawo wonke abaye baba zabuna ubuciko umdanso.

Eminyakeni yokugcina yokuphila kwakhe

Sergei Diaghilev (bheka isithombe. Ngenhla) uhlale ucinise kakhulu impilo yakho. Ngo-1921 kwatholakala ukuthi unesifo sikashukela. Ngakho Diaghilev neze bagcine imiyalelo kodokotela engawayekanga yena, kwenzekani olukhandlayo. Kusukela ngo-1927, lapho uye wazakhela imihuzuko eqinile. Abanye abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi lokhu kwaba omunye zokubonisa AIDS, okungenzeka wahlupheka Diaghilev. Ngaleyo minyaka, imithi elwa namagciwane engazange abe khona, kuyoba njalo nokuba khona foci amaningi purulent ukutheleleka kwakusho usongo ngqo ukuphila. Kamuva Diaghilev abayinakanga imiyalo kadokotela futhi ebekwe nge qembu lakhe esohambweni ebandakanya ukuvakashela Berlin, Cologne, Paris, nase-London. Enhloko-dolobha yaseBrithani, odokotela bameluleka ukuba ukwelashwa emanzini ezishisayo, kodwa kunalokho usomabhizinisi omkhulu, wavakashela Baden-Baden tinkhulumiswano ballet entsha nge Hindemith, bese baya Munich and Salzburg ukulalela Mozart noWagner. Ukuzizwa nakakhulu, wanquma ukuchitha isikhathi esithile e-Venice.

ukufa

Sergei Diaghilev, ogama biography kuhlangene ngokungenakuhlukaniswa le Russian ballet umlando ekoteni yokuqala yekhulu lama-20, bafika e-Venice Agasti 8, 1929. Odokotela nishilo ukuthi ngenxa ithumba waqala septicemia. Ngemva kwezinsuku ezingu-4, wathatha embhedeni wakhe, kodwa waqhubeka nokuthandaza uhlelela ikusasa. Agasti 18, Diaghilev wathatha wenhlanganyelo, wafa ngakusasa ngaphandle ngiphaphama.

Ngemuva kwenkonzo, isidumbu sakhe sase bathuthela esiqhingini saseSan Michele, futhi wangcwatshwa kwesigaba Orthodox of emathuneni.

ukuphila Siqu Sergeya Dyagileva

Njengoba sekushiwo, usomabhizinisi owaziwa kusukela zisencane yabonisa nokuthambekela kobungqingili. uthando Waqala washumayela umzala Dmitriy Filosofov, nabo afike wasungula khona iSikhungo "World of Art" futhi, njengoba nje umuntu engathenga uthi namuhla, wahlanganyela ukukhuthazwa yobuciko Russian. Kamuva, kwakukhona amahemuhemu ukuthi isizathu ukuxoshwa amathiyetha Imperial waqala Ebudlelwaneni bakhe Vatslavom Nizhinskim, akazange acabange ukufihla. Ngakusasa, owanqoba inhliziyo Diaghilev kwaba umdansi abasha leonid Massine, ngubani wazivumela ukuba bathande ngenxa umsebenzi, futhi lokhu kuphumelele. Nokho, umshado wakhe Vera Savina abuqede inkanyezi ubuhlobo ballet kanye nomvikeli yakhe. Ngemva Diaghilev alethwe ngokuphindaphindiwe eduze izinsizwa zakhe, owasiza ngazo zonke izindlela ukwenza umsebenzi wokuziphilisa omuhle. Ikakhulukazi, ngaleyo ndlela izuzwe udumo Serge Lifar futhi Anton Dolin, kulesi simo wokuqala babo, kwakungekho inkulumo lokuthi wayeseholela bancishwa nobungqingili kwakhe, futhi uthando master wahlala kaPlato. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi laliyini, ngenxa yalezi izinkanuko azalelwa eziningana ballets abadumile umculo by Stravinsky futhi Balanchine futhi Rouault.

Manje uyazi ukuthi ubani kwaba Sergei Diaghilev. Biography, empilweni kanye amanoveli losomabhizinisi abadumile Russian ngokuvamile waba ekhulunywe kanye ukulahlwa. Nokho, akekho ongaphika indima yayo okukhulu ekuthuthukiseni ballet Russian futhi izwe.