I-osteoid-osteoma yamathambo: izimpawu, ukuxilongwa kanye nokwelapha

Amathoni, njengamanye amalungu, angaphansi kwemiphumela emibi yemvelo yangaphandle. Lokhu kugqugquzela ukwakhiwa kwezicubu ezinonya nezesifo esibucayi ezinezinhlobonhlobo ezihlukahlukene nezifundo ezihlukahlukene zenkambo yemitholampilo.

Osteoid osteoma

I-Osteoma yisifo esibuhlungu kakhulu esivuthiwe esibuhlungu, esathuthuka, njengombuso, ekutheni i-diaphysis yamathambo ama-tubular eside . Ivela kuma-osteoclasts futhi afana nethambo evamile esakhiweni salo. Ngokuvamile, lesi sifo sitholakale njengengane, futhi ngokuvamile kutholakala okungahleliwe ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwe-X-ray ngesinye isizathu.

Ngendawo yendawo, i-tibia iholayo, ilandelwa yi-femal, i-humerus, i-forearm amathambo namathambo aphansi we-skull. Emathanjeni enempilo, ama-osteoblasts adala iphethini ejulile. Leli lungiselelo likuvumela ukuba usakaze kangcono isisindo uma ulayisha amathambo. Eyingxenyeni eguquliwe yamasipha amangqamuzana atholakala ngokuzungezile, phakathi kwawo kuyisisindo esixhumeneyo esizimele.

Izimbangela

I-osteoid-osteoma ingavela ngezizathu eziningana.

1. I-Metaplasia yamathambo esithambo, okungukuthi, ukuguqulwa kwayo kube olunye uhlobo lwamaseli.
2. Ukuhlukumeza ukubeka ithambo esikhathini se-embryonic ngenxa yemiphumela yamafutha, ama-body or chemical agents.
3. Ukuzikhethela ngokweqile kwezifo ezinjalo.
4. Ukutholakala kwezifo ezingatheleleki ezingelapheki noma i-foci yokuvuvukala kwesiguli (i-rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, syphilis).
5. Ukuphulwa kwe-calcium metabolism noma i-excretion ye-uric acid (gout).
6. Ukuvuvukala okwesikhashana emasimini e-paranasal (gaimorovoy, frontal).

Ngeshwa, zonke lezi zici azikho ngqo. Ososayensi abakwazi ukuchaza ngokugcwele ukuthi yini ebangela ukuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo.

Ukuhlukaniswa

I-osteoid-osteoma ingaba nezinhlobo eziningana. Yenza izigaba ngokusuka, isakhiwo sakhe sendawo kanye nendawo.

1. Ngokwemvelaphi:

• I-osteoma engenangqondo. Yakhelwe kusuka emangqamuzaneni e-bone, atholakala kuwo wonke umjikelezo wethambo noma aqoqa kuphela ngakolunye uhlangothi lwawo. Lesi sifo singakhula kokubili nangaphandle kwesitho. Indawo engavamile: ubuso, i-skull, i-forearm, i-hip, umlenze ophansi;
• I-osteoma ye-heteroplastic. Kuyinto izicubu ezixhumayo ezikhula ethangeni ngenxa yokhathazeka eside mechanical isayithi. Kuvame ukutholakala endaweni ethandwa yi-tendon yehlombe noma i-hip.

2. Isakhiwo nendawo:

• Eqinile, ene-osteocytes ehambisana ngokucophelela. Njengomthetho, zivela emathanjeni aphansi;
• I-spongy, efana namathambo enempilo. Phakathi kwama-osteocytes itholakala izicubu ezinamafutha, imithwalo yegazi nomnkantsha wamathambo. Zenzeka emathanjeni amathumba;
• I-cerebral cavity icebile emnothweni wethambo. Ayingavamile, ngokuvamile e-airways ye-skull ebusweni.

Izimpawu

I-osteoid-osteoma ejwayelekile kakhulu ye-tibia, ngakho-ke isibonelo sakhe sizohlaziya ukubonakaliswa kwemithi yesifo. Njengomthetho, i-tumor yale ndawo yangakini ayibonakali isikhathi eside, ngakho-ke iziguli zingase zingalokothi zisole ukuthi kukhona ubuchopho. I-osteoid-osteoma ye-femur (yesibili ngezikhathi) ayifuni ukuzibona.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ubuhlungu obunzima bokuqala buqala ukuvela ezigulini, okuthi, ngokuya endaweni kanye nokuqina, kufana nokungahambi kahle emisipha ngemva kokusebenza ngokomzimba. Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa, ubuhlungu buyaqhubeka, buqinisa ubusuku nokuphuza kancane emini, kepha kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kubangela ukungahambi kahle komuntu.

Njengoba lesi sifo sikhula, siqala ukungena ngaphansi kwesikhumba, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni lapho kunamafutha angaphansi kwesikhumba. Uma ukugxila emzimbeni kujulile ethambo, i-palpation yendawo ethintekile ngeke ibangele ukusabela okubi. Kodwa indawo ye-tumor ngaphakathi komgudu ohlangene noma ngaphansi kwe-periosteum izobangela ubuhlungu obukhulu.

Ama-osteomas asezintanjeni ze-skull angakwazi ukucindezela imithwalo yegazi kanye nemisipha, okwenza izimpawu zesifo sezinzwa zendawo zibe njenge-paresis, ukukhubazeka, ukukhubazeka okubukwayo, iphunga, ukubukeka kwekhanda noma ukuwa.

Izifo

I-osteoid-osteoma yethambo itholakale ngephutha ngokuhlolwa kwe-X-ray. Futhi ngemuva kokutholakala kwe-tumor, udokotela ukhetha ukuhlolwa okungeziwe ukuze athole uhlobo lwesisu, isakhiwo sakhe se-hertological, ubukhulu kanye nokutholakala kwemetastasis.

Ukubuka i-rayography ivumela ukucacisa isakhiwo sezingcuzu ezungeze isisu: isisindo (dense (compact) noma i-porous (spongy), kuye ngokuthi kuphi i-osteoid-osteoma. Isithombe sesithambo esithintekile senza ukuba sikwazi ukuhlola ngokuningiliziwe indawo yesikhumba, ubukhulu nobukhulu bayo.

Lesi sithombe esifana nesifana nesifo esingenasifo se-osteomyelitis esingavamile, esingangcolisa ochwepheshe ongakaze ahlangane nakho ngaphambili. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubunzima bukhona eqinisweni lokuthi ukugxila kwenqubo yokugulisa umzimba kuncane kakhulu (okungaphansi kwesentimitha ububanzi), futhi azikho izimpawu ezithile ezizobonisa ukuthi kukhona isifo.

Uma kunokwenzeka, udokotela uthumela isiguli kumfanekiso we-computer noma i-magnontic resonance imaging. Qinisekisa ukuthi wenza i-puncture ye-neoplasm yokuqhuba ukuhlolwa kwakhe. Lokhu kuvumela ukukhipha inkambo engalungile yenqubo. Ukuqinisekisa noma ukuphika ukutholakala kwe-metastases, kuyadingeka ukwenza ukukhazimula.

Ukwelapha okuhlinzwa

I-osteoid-osteoma iphathwa kanjani? Ukusebenza ngokuxilongwa okunjalo kubhekwa kudingekile kuphela uma lesi sifo sithinta ukukhula kwethambo, ukuyilimaza, noma kubangela ukucindezeleka okukhulu kwesifo. Izinkomba zokwelapha ukwelashwa yizo:

• Ubukhulu be-osteoma bungaphezu kwamentimitha;
• Ukuphulwa komsebenzi wezitho ezingomakhelwane;
• Ukukhwabanisa noma ukwehlisa amathambo;
• Ukukhubazeka kwesisindo.

Kunezindlela eziningana zokususa lesi sifo. Ukuzikhethela kuxhomeke endaweni yesikhumba, isipiliyoni namakhono omhlinzeki ohlinzayo. Njengomthetho, ukunqotshwa kwamathambo emilenze kuqhutshwa ama-traumatologists noma ama-orthopedists, ama-skull osteomas, ubuso noma ama-sinus - odokotela bama-surgery maxillofacial, odokotela be-ENT noma ama-neurosurgeons. Okudingekayo kunoma yikuphi ukutholakala kwendawo yokwelapha kuyisususa isitifiketi kanye ne-periosteum kanye nesayithi lamathambo enempilo. Lokhu kwenziwa ukugwema ukubuyela emuva.

Ukwelashwa Kwemithi

I-osteoid-osteoma ayizibopheli ekwelapheni okuzimele. Kodwa nayo ungakwazi ukususa izimpawu zesifo. Okokuqala, ukukhulula isiguli sobuhlungu. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa izidakamizwa ezingezangezokwelapha ezingenakuvuvukala ngendlela yamafutha, ama-crams noma ama-gel endaweni yangakini, kanye nangendlela yamathebulethi ukufeza umphumela oyinkimbinkimbi.

Ngezikhulu ezincane zesisu, ukuhlinzwa akukhonjisiwe, njengoba kuhambisane nokungahambi kahle kwesiguli futhi kungase kube nokudabuka kunokwama-neoplasm. Ngakho-ke, isiguli siqapha ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uma ubukhulu be-foci ye-pathological yanda, izinyathelo ezifanele zithathwa ngesikhathi. Ukwelapha okukodwa kwezidakamizwa akukwenziwa.

Ukwelashwa ngamakhambi omuntu

Ingabe i-osteoid-osteoma engelashwa ngamakhambi abantu? Ukwelashwa kwalolu hlobo kungaqala kuphela emva kokubonisana nodokotela, ngoba kungenza ngcono izimpawu futhi kuqhube ukukhula kwesisu.

Kunezindlela zokupheka zokususwa kwesifo sobuhlungu, isibonelo, izimbali ze-hawthorn noma i-tincture ye-elderberry. Kodwa umphumela wokwelashwa wale mithi awukwazi, ngakho khumbula ukuthi ukuthatha kubo, uthatha ingozi ethile. Kukhona ukucwaswa komuthi osemthethweni, kanye nezibonelo eziningi lapho ukucindezela noma ukuhlosiswa kwe-ultraviolet irradiation kunciphisa ubukhulu be-osteoma. Ungazikhuthazi. Kungcono ukuya kudokotela oqeqeshiwe.

Ukubikezela nokuvimbela

Ubukhulu obuncane be-tumor kanye nekhwalithi layo elihle kwenza kube lula ukunikeza isiguli isifiso sokuhleleka. Ngemuva kokwelashwa okuphuthumayo, ukubuyela kabusha kuyinto engavamile kakhulu. Izimbangela zokubukeka kwazo zingase zibe ukuthengiswa okwanele kwe-tumor ngenxa yama-X-rays angcolile.

Ukusebenza ebusweni, njengombuso, akuholeli ekuboneni kweziphambeko zokuzithokozisa. Uma i-osteoma isayizi ngobukhulu, bese kuthi emva kokuphathwa okuyinhloko, isiguli sinconywa ukuba senze ukuhlinzekwa kabusha kweplastiki.

Ukuvimbela okucacile akukhona. Izivivinyo zokuvimbela wonyaka zenza kube lula ukuthola nokususa lesi sifo ngesikhathi.