Cardan: Ukucaciswa, futhi incazelo kudivayisi

Joint bendawo yonke umniningwane ingxenye ukudluliswa uyakwazi okuxhunyanwa torque engu kusukela motor ukuze gearbox ngayo leli bhuloho. Cardan siqukethe mncane-ngodonga tube ozwakala, kolunye uhlangothi okuyinto ethathwa a elihlangana splined futhi plug ezithathekayo, futhi ngakolunye - fixed ekuphambukeni ngokuhlanganyela. Isibalo izigaba iyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi uhlobo uhlobo imoto CAT. Ngo owodwa esigabeni design samuntu kuhlanganisa umlomo wombhobho crosspieces ezimbili Ingcenye ephakathi, kanye izinto ezengeziwe:

• ukulungisa izakhi;
• gaskets, izimvu zamanzi kanye nezinye izimvu zamanzi Lesisemkhatsini;
• ngokuhambisa ekuphambukeni;
• double ngokuhlanganyela jikelele;
• eziveza esasinenjini.

phetho

Umphini umsebenzi akugcini ukudluliswa torque, futhi uba usekelo ezinye zezitho imoto. Cardan eziqondisa ngokuhlanganyela kungase kudingeke Ubukhulu ezahlukene kuye ngokuthi imodeli imoto kanye nezici zayo. steel ngokuvamile esetshenziselwa bumbela. Inikeza ukusebenza esiphezulu ngosayizi encane nesisindo. Into eyodwa shaft amandla liyingxenye lomnyango, okungenzeka ukungalingani kanye alinganayo Isivinini emincane. Elements nge velocity ukungalingani ungaba isakhiwo esiqinile noma nezimo. Cardan njalo Isivinini ngokuhlanganyela has a ezikhethekile ngokwahlukana isigwedlo noma elikabili cam design noma anemifantu uhlukanisa.

torque engu

On lapho imiphini futhi eksisi intersecting engela engekho ngaphezu kuka 4-5 degrees umzamo kusuka emalungeni nge plan nokunwebeka. Ngakho okuvela deformations phezu ingxenye yokuxhuma kunomthelela nokucekelwa ukusebenza nokwanda kunyakaza. ukudluliswa Torque kusukela emangelengele isivinini umkhiqizo futhi uhlelo kanzima ekhiqizwa zilandelana esebenzisa izakhi ngesandla esiqinile emalungeni ngezinhlamvu ezihlelwa ngesandla. Basuke eline izimfoloko ezimbili kokuba nenkanuko edlulele aminyene shaft, kanye bores bunjwa cylindrical esetshenziselwa ukubeka crosspieces. Emikhawulweni crosspieces, ngesikhathi lapho ezihambayo shaft futhi cardan emalungeni 1/2 uqale nyakazisa ku perpendicular indiza sakhe. Basuke kudingeka ukuthi unikeze nezimo, okuthembekile futhi iqine ukuhlobana drive oluvala amasondo kanye kushaft crank.

Okubaluleke kakhulu yiyona kwakwakhe Ukuzivumelanisa nezimo eyanele, ngoba ivumela ukunyakaza mahhala ngesikhathi ukunyakaza imoto. izakhi Crosspoint kuqukathe spikes ezimbalwa, esaziwa izindandatho, inaliti amabombo nezimpawu. Basuke izimpawu isikhathi eside wokusebenza futhi kuyaqabukela behluleka, kodwa design yabo ine umphumela omubi abampofu ebusweni izinga komgwaqo, lapho uhamba umthwalo inyuka lapho eziguquguqukayo. Ukuze alondoloze ukusebenza ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanayo kusetshenziswa zenkolo twin kokuhlanganisayo. It kuncike kuzo ujikelezisa kushaft kuhambisane zihluka engela maqondana nomunye. Umhlangano omkhulu kunayo yonke ukubaluleka Coefficient siyenzeka etinhlotjeni letehlukene 20 °. At ephakeme Ukujikeleza engela ipharamitha oluvundlile iwe ezinzima umthwalo iyehla iyenyuka kwenzeke futhi liwohloka kushaft ibhalansi.

Umgomo we operation

Ukwakheka splined ngokuhlanganyela jikelele akuyona angabalulekile kangako. Umgomo we operation kanje. Gearbox bawagxilise ngaphakathi emzimbeni futhi unamathele emaphethelweni kushaft. Ngakolunye uhlangothi igiya kuyinto ibhuloho kokuba kwakwakhe kusuka ukumiswa. Igebe phakathi ISIZINDA ezimbili andisa sokunqoba izingxenye engalingani. Njengoba Cardan ezingemuva futhi front kudingeka yokwelula, lesi senzo ihlinzeka uxhumano splined, kulekelelwa indlala uphawu.

izakhi ezengeziwe

Ngaphezu kwalokho, umklamo kufaka gimbal eziveza elengayo hlobo. Udlala indima zelungu asizayo kushaft. Ivimba ukujikeleza izingxenye ebizwa futhi inikeza indawo yayo esimweni oyifunayo esebenzisa ingalo, le igrisi camera kulekelelwa oluxube uphawu, okuyinto ogibele ingxenye yomzimba. Isibalo timphawu tesakhiwo inquma inani kushaft amabombo.

amakhanda Cardan ngokuhlanganyela kudingekile, ngokuyinhloko ukuqinisekisa ukuxhumana izinga kanye oluvala amasondo crankshaft. Ukuzivumelanisa nezimo ngendlela namandla isibopho ehambisana kakhulu displacement kwebhuloho phakathi ukujikeleza imoto.

unbalance

Phakathi ukwephulwa ezinkulu emsebenzini we kabanzi kunazo kushaft atholwe ukungalingani. Lokho kwenza ukuvela yekhwalithi ephansi yasibamba crosspieces izikhala inqubo yokufaka kanye mishandling. Ngokuvamile okungalungile kokungathembeki izikhala zenzeka at the stage of inhlangano ukukhiqizwa. Unbalance kuyobe kungakazukufika masinyane, kuqala bezazisa ukungalingani ukuthi bungabonakala vibration ngesikhathi ibhokisi igiya. It has nomthelela obalulekile ukuklanywa ibhola futhi kubangele bafake okukhulu izici eziyinhloko uhlelo. Imiphumela iba yinhlanganisela yokukhandleka Oqala ukungezwa aze agcine ibhalansi imoto futhi sandise amathuba ezingozi zomgwaqo. ke Kuyancomeka ukulandela imithetho, ukwenza luhlolo ehlelekile shaft, kuhlanganise izakhi jikelele ngokuhlanganyela kanye rd ukuze afeze ukulungisa okufika ngesikhathi phezu ukuthola izingxenye bakhathale.

Izimbangela umsindo normal

Isenzakalo lalivamile kuyinto ukuvela ongqongqoza lapho eshintsha amagiya, ukushintsha ijubane futhi ekuqaleni ukunyakaza. Isizathu salokhu ukuwohloka kwezimiso ukuthembeka coupling futhi threaded uxhumano obandayo flange izakhi. Futhi, ngesizathu kungalimala ngokuhlanganyela jikelele nokwenyuka fixed eziveza imvume amaxoxo kanye slotted design. Yokuwela ongakwazi ukukukhuthaza ukubukeka ukugaywa. Ukuvimbela ke, kubalulekile ukuba esikhundleni njalo ingxenye (ngokwesilinganiso, njalo km 10 000), kuhlolwe khona amafutha umonakalo. Okuningi akuvamile ehluleka eziveza esasinenjini uwoyela seal lomnyango bendiza kushaft uba igebe elikhulu.

spline

Ngisho noma kuwumsebenzi uhlale ithuba ukusika slot. Lokhu kunomthelela kwetinhlavu backlash by esisuka iketango yokudlulisa. Isifunda ngalesi sikhathi uqala bagxume phezu amazinyo razdatki bese bakha okusezingeni eliphezulu umthelela umthwalo phezu izakhi spline razdatki futhi gimbal. Livela yokwehluleka enjalo kungenziwa kunqunywa umsindo abukhali metallic livela ngaphansi kwemoto. Slot ahlabayo kungenzeka ngesabelomali, futhi ingqamuzana lokuqala, ngakho kudingeka isikhathi ukushintsha imininingwane ukuqinisekisa isivinini okugcwele kushaft. Cardan ngokuhlanganyela 1/2 ngenkathi izimoto zishaya reciprocating ezinyakazayo maqondana razdatke, lokhu ekunciphiseni ukungezwani kanye umzimba okuphambene.

Lokho Okufanele Ukwazi

ukuzisika kwanoma slot kungagwenywa kokufaka ngokuhlanganyela entsha jikelele nge spline side, kodwa ngesikhathi ukusebenza umklamo enemininingwane izokwenyuka ngo iminyaka engaphezu 2-3. Kulokhu-ke uhlala ingashintshiwe futhi enye inkinga - a welulela uchungechunge okunikezelwayo. Yingakho joint jikelele kanye iketango kumelwe ithathelwe ngesikhathi esifanayo. Futhi banake izakhiwo flange esisogwini razdatke, uma okudinga ukulungiswa. Okubaluleke kakhulu kuba ububanzi we slot ukujula, elingaphandle usayizi diametrical, inani splines nobungako jikelele.