Amaqiniso anentshisekelo ngezilwane: kungani ingwenya ikhala

Uma othile ezenza sengathi uyamthanda lowo amcasula, khona-ke lowo muntu ophulukisayo uyatshelwa: "Ithulula izinyembezi zezingwenya." Ngamanye amazwi, kulokhu kuvele izinyembezi ezihambisana nokuzisola ngobuzenzisi. Sekuyisikhathi sokuthola ukuthi kungani ingwenya ikhala, ngoba igazi futhi ingabi nomusa.

Abantu basendulo babesaba izingwenya

Abanye abantu ezikhathini zasendulo bathola ezinkokodeni ukuba khona kobuciko obunjalo bokuziphatha njengethambeko lokukhohlisa. Eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane eziningana edlule eGibithe, lezi zilwane, ezihlala eNayile, zithi ububi obuvela kuNkulunkulu. Ukuze anqobe isimo sengqondo sokuzidla kwegazi nokuzikhohlisayo, abantu bendawo bazinakekela ngazo zonke izindlela: banikela ukudla, okukhulunywa ngawo-izinkulumo zemilingo kubo. Kodwa kungani izingwenya zikhala, lapho zidla, aziqondi.

Imicabango yabantu yayingekho imingcele. Isibonelo, umhloli wezizwe waseGreki owaziwa kakhulu angathola incazelo elandelayo ehlekisayo yokuziphatha kwengwenya. I-reptile ekhohlisayo enomlomo ogcwele amanzi emifuleni yagijimela emgwaqeni omkhulu ukuze imisele amanzi ngokujulile, bese ifihlekile ekuqamekeni futhi ilindele isisulu. Kulula ukuqagela okwenzekile kubantu abangenakubheka noma izilwane ezahla emthambekeni osondayo womfula ukuze ucime ukoma. Kuzo zonke izinhlobo eziyinkimbinkimbi zamaqiniso anjalo, eqinisekisa ukungahambi kahle, namanje awunasisekelo. Kungani ingwenya ikhala ngesikhathi sokudla? Kungenzeka ukuthi uzwela ngokudla kwakhe.

I-legend endala

Imithombo ehlukahlukene ilandisa ngomlando wasendulo wokukhala izinyembezi ze ingwenya phezu kwesisulu esingenasibindi, esheshayo ngokulandela i-trapeznichaet.

Kusukela ekhulwini lesishiyagalolunye leminyaka i-"Library" yafinyelelwa, lapho uPatricia Photius asebenza khona, owayehlala eConstantinople. Kulo msebenzi we-pseudoscientific, kwakukhona indawo yenganekwane ye-ingwenya yokukhala phezu kwamakhanda alabo abampofu abahlala kuwo. Umlobi uhlongoze i-hypothesis enokuthakazelisa, ngokusho ukuthi akusizi isihawu ukuthi inqamule izinyembezi ezivela engwenya, kodwa ukungabi khona kwenyama ku-squake yesisulu. Yingakho izingwenya zikhala lapho zidla.

Abacwaningi bathi?

Ekhulwini le-12, umsebenzi wezesayensi kaHugo waseNtshonalanga wavela eNtshonalanga Yurophu, lapho kwakukhona khona izinyembezi zokukhuluma izinyembezi. Lesi sihloko sishintsha esikhathini esizayo.

Ngo-1357, izakhamuzi zedolobha laseLieege (insimu yaseBelgium yanamuhla) zathola ithuba lokubona umsebenzi "Wokuhambela uMandeville." Umbhali ongaziwa kwenye yezindaba ukhuluma ukuthi izingwenya zaseTopiya zikhala kanjani ngesikhathi bedla abantu.

Akazange anake isihloko esihlokweni sezinyembezi zesiRashiya isichazamazwi-isiqondisi sekhulu le-17 elithi "Azbukovnik". Engxenyeni ye-ingwenya, isimilo sesilwane esiphila emanzini silingana naleso seLoti Library. Lokhu kungukuthi, ingwenya ikhala ngemuva, ilahlwe umzimba womuntu, ayikwazi ukunquma ukuthi yenzeni nenhloko.

Izinyembezi zezinyosi ezivela embonweni wamaKristu

Ezinguqulweni zesiLatini nesiGreki zePhysiologists, umfanekiso wengwenya wawuhlotshaniswa nomqondo wesihogo nesithombe sikaDeveli. Konke okwakushiwo ngokumelene naye kwakuhlobene noJesu Kristu. Ngokungafani nezinyembezi zikaKristu, izinyembezi zezingwenya ekuqondeni kwamaKristu - ukuhlubuka ekukholweni okulungile. Noma kunjalo, abantu abazange bakhathele ukucabanga ngenguqulo, kungani ingwenya ikhala.

Ngokungaqondakali, okuqala cishe kusukela kuma-50 ekhulwini lama-17, inkulumo ethi "izinyembezi zezingwenya" idlula endizeni yokuhlangana kwayo nobuhle bebuKristu. I-allegory iyaqhubeka ibe yinto yokuzizwa, evelele ezincwadini zendlela entsha. Ngakho-ke, umculi waseRashiya u-Mazdorff AK emsebenzini "Izinyembezi zezingwenya" ukukhala izinyembezi zihlekwa usulu futhi zivezwe ngendlela engavamile. Kodwa u-Erasmus waseRotterdam ("Udumo lwe-Stupidity") wanikeza incazelo yakhe yokuhlekisa - ingwenya elambile eyabona ukuthi isisulu sithemba, esibhekwa njengezinyembezi. Umuntu akanakusho ngokuqinisekile uma ingwenya ikhala.

Incazelo yesayensi yemvelo yezinyembezi zezingwenya

Umzamo wokuchaza ngokwezesayensi umsuka wezinyembezi zezingwenya wenziwa nguSchmidt-Nilsson noFange - abacwaningi banamuhla baseSweden. Amanoni aqoqa emzimbeni ngokweqile ngeke asuswe kuwo ngezinso. Ukubhekana nalo msebenzi kusiza izigcawu ezikhethekile ezisebusweni. Ngokuvamile, uma kudingeka, bavula, futhi usawoti ushiya umzimba. Imvelo, ngaphandle kwezingwenya, inikezwe "amakhono" anjalo nabanye abameleli bekilasi lezilwane, okungukuthi ama-turtles, iguana kanye nezinyoka zasolwandle. Manje uyazi ukuthi kungani ingwenya ikhala.

Izazi zezilwane ezivela eFlorida ziqinisekisile inkolelo ehlongozwayo yabalingani baseSweden ngokuzama ukuhlola ama-caimans kanye nama-alligators. Futhi iqiniso lokugqamisa "izinyembezi" ngesikhathi sokudla kuthathwa yikhamera yevidiyo. Lokhu kuwubufakazi besayensi yezesayensi.