I-Saxony yi ... iSaxony yisifundazwe sase-Germany

I-Saxony ingenye yamazwi wamahhala aseJalimane, ngamanye amagama - izwe elibusayo. Futhi unendaba yakhe, eyabuyela ekhulwini leshumi leminyaka yethu.

Ukuvela kombuso

Kuze kube sekupheleni kwekhulu leshumi amazwe aseSaxon ayehlalwa yizizwe zaseSlavic, kanti kuphela amaphesenti amancane kwakunguDashiya. Kodwa-ke, ukubusa kwabo akuzange kudlule isikhathi eside, kusukela ngaleso sikhathi isifunda sabanjwa yizizwe zaseJalimane zaseTuringian. AmaSlav, awakwazi ukusinda, alahlekelwa ukuba yiqembu elithile likazwelonke futhi abe amaJalimane. Futhi iSaxony yaqala ukwakha. Lokhu kwenzeka ngokubonakala kukaMargrave Meissen - kungenzeka ukuthi kwavela ngonyaka we-968. Ngemva kwesikhashana, ngo-1270, inhloko-dolobha, eyaba yiDresden, nayo yanqunywa. IJalimane - izwe elikhulu nelithuthukile, futhi ngisho nakulezo zinsuku kwakunjalo. Ngakho eSaxony, ngaphandle kweDresden, kwakukhona elinye idolobha elivakashelwa futhi elidumile - iLeipzig. Ngaleso sikhathi kwakuyisikhungo sokuhweba saseMeissen, lapho kwakhiwa khona iYunivithi yaseLeipzig, eyaphumelela kulowo muntu owaziwayo njengoSchumann, Wagner nabanye.

Imicimbi Yomlando

Ngo-1870, izwe laseSaxony laba yingxenye yoMbuso WaseJalimane, futhi kwaze kwafika ngo-1918, yayilawulwa amakhosi. Kodwa-ke amandla athathwa yiSoviet amasosha kanye nabasebenzi. Izenzakalo zaqala ukukhula ngokushesha - ezinyangeni ezimbalwa kamuva uSaxony wamemezelwa njenge-republic, okungukuthi, isimo samahhala. Ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbili, uFrederick Augustus III, owayephethe isihlalo sobukhosi sobukhosi, waphawula isihloko sakhe.

Kodwa ayizange ihlale isikhathi eside. Ngo-1934, ukuchithwa kweSaxon Republic kwenziwa. Amasosha aseMelika ahlangana namaJalimane ekupheleni kweMpi Yezwe II kulo mhlaba. Ngemva kokuphela, uSilesia (ingxenye yesifunda sasePrussia ngasentshonalanga) kanti owayekade eseSaxon Republic waba lizwe elilodwa lalo elifanayo. Itholakala endaweni eyayilawulwa amasosha aseSoviet. Kodwa-ke, namuhla iSaxony yindawo yasemhlabeni yesifundazwe eyabuyiselwa kuphela ngo-1990.

Inhloko-dolobha

I-Dresden (eJalimane) idolobha elimangalisayo. Akumangalisi ukuthi wayebizwa ngegama elithi "German Florence". Lo muzi unomklamo ohlukile, owenziwe ngesitayela seBaroque, nemvelo enhle kakhulu. Abantu abaningi beza lapha ukuze bajabulele umoya womlando, bahambe emfuleni i-Elbe futhi babe nesikhathi esimnandi edolobheni elithulile nelithambile. Ngendlela, ukunakekelwa okukhethekile kufanele kuhokhwe kuSaxon cuisine - eDresden, ukugcoba okumangalisayo kwezilwane zasolwandle, isobho, amaqanda namaqanda, i-cottage shizi nezithelo zomisiwe. Ukufika kulezi zindawo, nakanjani kufanele uzame ukuphathwa kwendawo. Futhi mayelana nemibono yaseDresden ungakhuluma njalo. Kodwa kubaluleke ngokukhethekile ukuphawula isifunda se-Neustadt - kunezakhiwo ezakhiwe ngobuciko ngesikhathi sokugubha i-baroque ne-gründerstvo. Kukhona futhi kuphakama isigodlo esihle kakhulu saseJapane, esivela ngekhulu le-18. Manje ngaphakathi ngaphakathi kuyi-Saxon ne-Ethnographic iminyuziyamu.

Izikhangibavakashi

E-Saxony kunezindawo eziningi zokuvakashela. Ngendlela, leli lizwe elihle kunazo zonke emhlabeni wonke waseJalimane. Iziqhingi eziqhakazile zezintaba, amahlathi aluhlaza, imifula, amachibi, ama-heathlands - kuzo zonke lezi zici iSaxony ibizwa ngokuthi i-fabulous. Futhi uma ubukeka ubuhle bayo, ungaqonda ukuthi kunjalo. Noma kunjalo, hhayi kuphela imvelo ephawulekayo eSaxony.

Lokhu ngeke kube mnandi uma uhambela indawo yokuzingela e-Moritzburg, esiseduze naseDresden, noma uhamba ngesiteji sezemidlalo. Futhi i-Albrechtsburg Castle eyayiyingqayizivele, abazalwane ababili abazange babelane ngayo? Noma, isibonelo, isonto elihle likaFrauenkirche? Indawo Yomakethe eLeipzig, eHholo LaseDolobheni Elidala, i-Augustus Bridge, i-Semper Opera House - futhi akulona uhlu oluphelele lwezinto ezikhangayo eSaxony.

Isimanje

Abantu abaningi bakholelwa ngephutha ukuthi eJalimane (okungenani ezindaweni ezinjalo ezindala njengeDresden noma iLeipzig) umoya womlando usuqine kakhulu, futhi akukho lutho oluzokhumbuza okwamanje. Lokhu kuyisibonelo, futhi kubhujiswa kalula. Ngokwesibonelo, thatha igalari yokuthenga yezitolo eDresden noma e-Elbepark, lapho ungathengela noma yini oyithandayo - eqinisweni kunezitolo ezingaphezu kwezingu-180 kule ndawo, kanye nezindawo zokudla, amathilomu, izikhungo zokuqina nokuningi okuningi.

Abathandi bokuphila ebusuku bazoba nokuthile okumele bakwenze emadolobheni aseSaxon. Kunenombolo enkulu yama-nightclub nezindawo zokuzijabulisa. Amakilabhu "I-Angels Tabledance Leipzig", "Altes Landratsamt", "Alte Hauptpost", izitsha ze-Bowl-House Wei kanye neCent Gr, u-Augustus Garten, okuyi-Biergarten Ausspanne, i-Kutschersch yizindawo ezimbalwa ezithandwa kakhulu emadolobheni aseSaxon lapho ungahlala khona, Futhi kukhona inqwaba, uma kungenamakhulu. Ngakho wonke umuntu uzothola into ayithandayo - kokubili kubathandi bezimiso zomlando, nabathandi bokuzijabulisa nokuzijabulisa okusebenzayo.

I-Lower Saxony nomlando wayo

Lokhu kungase kubonakale kumangalisa, kodwa iSaxony (ibalazwe laseJalimane likhombisa ngokucacile lapho likhona khona) likude neNiedersachsen, naphezu kokubambisana kwamagama. Kodwa akuthandi nakakhulu. Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi iJalimane iboniswe kanjani emephini yezwe, futhi uma ubheka ngokucophelela, ungabona ukuthi i-Lower Saxony iphakeme kunejwayelekile. Ngendlela, wabonakala ekuqaleni. Ukukhulunywa kokuqala kwaleli zwe kubuyela emuva ngonyaka we-87 wenkathi yethu! Kwabe sekungekho into enjenge "Germany".

Nokho, iSaxony engezansi yakha uKlaudius Ptolemy, futhi wabhala ngakho emibhalweni yakhe. Ukuze ziqonde ngokucacile, usosayensi wenza ibalazwe, lapho aqoqa khona amaSaxon. Iminyaka yadlula, umlando wabhalwa, izizwe zithinteka, zithathwa futhi zenziwa izimpi - njalo njalo isikhathi eside, kwaze kwafika ngo-1814 izinkulumo zokuzinza ezinye zavela. I-Lower Saxony yaba yingxenye yoMbuso weHanover, futhi emva kweminyaka yaba yingxenye ye- German Union. Khona-ke i-Germany kumephu yomhlaba ayibheka indlela esasijwayele ukuyibona ngayo. Njengoba umbuso wesifundazwe saseNtshonalanga Saxony wawugxila ngonyaka ka-1946.

Ingabe kukhona ukufana?

Mhlawumbe, ngaphezu kwamagama, kusukela ejwayelekile eSaxony ejwayelekile futhi engezansi akukho lutho. Indawo ehlukile (i-Niedersachsen ingaphezu kwezikhathi ezingu-2,5), inani labantu (naphezu kokuthi iSaxony incane, kunabantu abangu-219 ngekhilomitha elingamakhilomitha ayisithupha, futhi ngaphansi kwe-163 kuphela), umnotho, isimo sezulu, ulimi kanye namasiko. Isibonelo, izakhamuzi zaseSaxony zithanda ukwenza amagama, futhi ngenxa yalokhu ngisho "Umncintiswano Omncane wolimi lwe-Saxon" uvele.

Uma ufika kula mazwe, udinga ukulungele ukuthi amazwi amaningi kuzodingeka afunde kabusha. Futhi izilimi zase Lower Saxony, ezikhona cishe eziyishumi (Westphalian, Hamburg, Oldenburg, njll), zibizwa ngegama elilodwa - ulimi lolimi. Ngisho nemfundo esikoleni yenzeke lapho eJalimane elingaphansi. Ngakho la mazwe amabili, ngaphandle kwamagama afanayo kanye nokuhlanganyela ezweni elilodwa, alutholi lutho olufanayo.