Izizwe sidilizwa zamaJalimane

Izizwe zamaJalimane - kumiswa lesi sizwe yobuhlanga abahlala engxenyeni esenyakatho ne-central we yezwekazi laseYurophu kusuka yokuqala yeminyaka BC

indaba

Umsuka amaJalimane Indo-European osikweleta izizwe abahlala enyakatho yeYurophu. Esikhathini yokuqala yeminyaka BC ziba ibhizinisi yobuhlanga ezimele. Ngalesi sikhathi, ezizweni zamaJalimane sebeqala uthuthe ezindaweni ezingomakhelwane, lapho esezinzile. Ngo III ekhulwini BC. e. sekuseduze kakhulu imingcele zoMbuso WaseRoma uqale bephazamisa insimu yalo. Lezi kuphangwa khona kuze kube umhla AD V leminyaka futhi ukuqeda nge ukunqotshwa okuphelele Huns, omunye imibuso enamandla kakhulu emlandweni wethu.

Ukunqoba indawo, izizwe zamaJalimane kufakwe nge abantu bomdabu, owawungumnyaka siphezulu futhi ngenxa yalokho kwakukhona okufana kwamaqembu ezinhlanga ngokuthi iBritish, isiFulentshi, abaseSweden nezinye izizwe. Nge ingxenye enkulu iqiniso inzalo amaJalimane kungase ngokwabo ngokuthi IsiSwidi kanye IsiDanishi.

Uhlelo social amaJalimane lasendulo

Ekuqaleni, izizwe zasendulo endaweni ebuswa abaholi zazikhonza njengabapristi umsizi abadala futhi. Bangamasosha ngaphansi-Singles (freedmen) nezigqila. Abaholi base likhethwa emhlanganweni yomphakathi, futhi wahlala ngezithukuthuku amalungu esizwe (endleleni, ku ngeminikelo yokuzithandela). Kuphela kuze kube BC mina leminyaka. e. izizwana kukhona amakhosi ezahlukene kubaholi ukuthi bangadlulisela amandla libe yifa lenu.

izifundo

Izizwe zamaJalimane wahlala ikakhulu ngezithukuthuku kuphangwa wezempi, futhi basuke benza izinkomo zizalela. Ezolimo kanye nemisebenzi yezandla ezihlukahlukene kwakumelwe alien kubo. Ukuze izikhali impi ayekudinga, ngakho amaJalimane bafunda ukusebenzelana yensimbi, kulokho abanye bephumelele ngokusho ubufakazi zomlando. Babehlala eside emakhaya, ibhalekisi-like, futhi, kanye nezinkomo.

ukuthuthukiswa lokubhala

Ukubhala amaJalimane lasendulo - okubizwa ngokuthi iskripthi Runic, nesuka langalezo ukuqagela phezu kwezitsha ekhethekile lokhuni. Kunzima kakhulu ngathi nomqondo ngokubhala, okuyinto kamuva wanyamalala ngokuphelele.

izinkolelo

izizwe sidilizwa zamaJalimane amaqaba, bazidela, kuhlanganise abantu. Ngobakho amaJalimane akazange ukwakha amasonto, futhi abapristi benza izinkonzo ekhethekile kwesokudla engcwele ngaphansi esibhakabhakeni evulekile.

Ukuhlaselwa uMbuso WaseRoma

Lapho izizwe zamaJalimane lasendulo waqala zijule zidlule ifa eRoma, futhi baye bahlanganyela emisebenzini yezandla ngempumelelo. Phakathi nale nkathi, baye bafunda ukwazisa sifake futhi thunga izingubo, eyenziwe lesikhumba izingubo nezinto ezihlukahlukene, waqala ukwenza izinto aberegisa isikhuni nobumba. Nokho, impi ngabo wahlala ngokusobala umsebenzi oyinhloko. Ngesikhathi sakhe sokuphumula, izimpi amaJalimane babehilelekile ukuhweba nangemaKhristu aseRoma.

ukuhweba

sizwe samaGermanic, wahlanganyela ukuhweba, enikeziwe uMbuso WaseRoma kwesikhumba, izinkomo, uboya kanye kakhulu tsenivshiysya Roman patricians amber. In ukubuya, amaRoma angase ukuthenga izikhali, igolide nesiliva, koqweqwe lwawo, iwayini nendwangu. Trade wathatha ingxenye encane kakhulu ubudlelwane zabo bobabili, ikakhulukazi ngobuqili babo abakhona ingxenye namaqaba, ubani amaRoma ayengakulindele.

impi

Eyokuqala uwukuhlasela sína kakhulu 113 BC Nokho, wenza sizwe samaGermanic we Teutons, lanqoba ibutho lamaRoma ngo ayehlasela eGaul, anqotshwa eminyakeni embalwa. Ngenxa yalokho, lo izizwe zamaJalimane ngaphezu kwesikhathi esisodwa ilethe izinkinga ayibhalela abaseRoma, kuze kube IV ekhulwini BC, lapho izizwe ayimizulane we Huns yahlasela wonke uMbuso WaseRoma. Ngenxa yalokho, yawa futhi waqala ukufuduka okukhulu ukuthi yaphela nokwahlukana ephelele yoMbuso WaseRoma BC V leminyaka. e. AmaJalimane ngempumelelo athatha izwe labakwa-Roman futhi kwakhiwa isimo sabo siqu, futhi umbuso omkhulu futhi awuzange ezimiselwe ukuthi uphinde uzalwe.