Amakhasi Bloody yomlando Soviet. Kungani collectivization ephelezelwa abaphucwa?

Collectivization futhi abaphucwa uye eside eqaphela emakhasini onegazi umlando Soviet. Kwaba impi yangempela, okuyinto uhulumeni wamaSoviet kumemezela isigaba "nokuxhaphaza" amancane. Phakathi ezingabekwa zokucindezelwa kwalabo bantu kubangelwa abaphucwa, wahlupheka inani Amazing zabantu - abalimi abayizithulu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezimbili abavamile zixoshwa, ezingaphezu kuka-nesithupha namakhulu zabulawa indlala, amakhulu ezinkulungwane wafela ekudingisweni. ubudlova Bloody, ezenziwa abalimi, uyisinyathelo esibalulekile kule ukwesaba uStalin.

prehistory

Kodwa kungani collectivization ephelezelwa abaphucwa? Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi uStalin wafuna ukubabulala ungqimba umphakathi, okungase abamvukelayo, ngibahluphe umashiqela. Ngokuqinisekile amacebo umbusi kuhlanganisiwe imihlangano collectivization ngo-1930 i-Nyakatfo eCaucasus, Ephakathi futhi Lower iVolga. Kamuva kule nqubo saba ukuze ujoyine izifunda eziningana wezolimo esikhiqiza okusanhlamvu. Stalin wathi ukuthi izimisele ukuqeda ngokugcwele kulaks njengoba ikilasi, ngo-December 1929.

imikhakha ngezibhakela

I abaphucwa operation wabelwa ekomidini ihlelwe okhethekile Politburo, okuyinto eye wadala ngezigaba abamele ekilasini ngezibhakela. Eyokuqala, isigaba esiyingozi kakhulu yathumbela abantu emisebenzini esiphikisayo wamavukelambuso. Nomdeni ukuboshwa bese ethunyelwe umsebenzi kwezimilo, futhi uma kwenzeka yokungalaleli - ukudubula. Umkhaya ngezibhakela Ukusesha badingiswe, izinto sithathiwe. Kwakuwusuku ekilasini enamandla kakhulu, ikwazi ukulwa, yingakho inqubomgomo collectivization ubephelezelwa abaphucwa, lezi abalimi kwadingeka basuswe.

Isigaba sesibili Commission eyenziwa ngezibhakela, okuyinto, nakuba babengahlanganiswa kuhlobane ngokuqondile izenzo esiphikisayo wamavukelambuso, kodwa ukusizakala zabasebenzi yabanye. Amalungu aleli qembu baboshwa futhi bathunjwe nemindeni yabo ezindaweni eziqhele kakhulu zezwe. Isigaba sesithathu kuthiwa wenziwa isibhakela ezibhekene umbuso uStalin. Bona kanye nemindeni yabo baxoshwa yokuhlala futhi wathumela ezindaweni ezintsha, akuhlobene collectivization.

ukusebenza

Kundawo amakomiti futhi amaqembu ngalinye ukuthi ngokuqondile wahlanganyela inqubo abaphucwa. Kwaba umbukwane ezinyantisayo, futhi sinesihluku: abantu ababebhekwa njengabaphansi engathandeki, umane inkunzi bathunjwe ukugwema noma iluphi uhlobo olwathatha kanye nemibhikisho, yingakho collectivization ephelezelwa abaphucwa.

Ithimba District wafika emzini we abalimi wakhumula zonke izingubo zami kukhona, okokuqala izicathulo ukukhetha. La maqembu angase futhi kufanele athathe zonke impahla kulaks, kuze itiye, zamanzi imicamelo. Izisulu athathwa ngisho imifanekiso, ephukile futhi wawalahla.

Abamele amaqembu akhethiwe ukushiya impahla ngokwakho noma ukuthengisa ukukhuthaza ozakwabo phansi esitolo - amaqembu efanayo abaxosha. Amalungu aleli qembu bebelokhu amandla ngokuphelele angenamkhawulo. Ukunqunywa okubi womuntu kulesi sikhathi ngokuvamile kubangelwa ukuhluleka sokuxazulula yama-akhawunti siqu.

Uhulumeni bebelokhu bezama ukugwema noma iyiphi izingozi ezingaba khona futhi uqede zonke izihlubuki ezingaba ukudala izimo lapho kuyoba khona akekho ukuketula uhulumeni, yingakho collectivization ephelezelwa abaphucwa.

yi

Umlando yokucindezelwa uStalin liyohlale sihleli emakhulwini eminyaka njengendlela olunegazi, isikhathi esabekayo. UStalin wafuna bazivikele nobungozi, ngisho, futhi lokhu kwaholela kuphela inani Amazing of kokufa yokuthi njalo izohlala omunye bomashiqela ngesihluku kakhulu emlandweni wezwe. Futhi impendulo yombuzo othi ukuthi kungani collectivization ephelezelwa abaphucwa, silula: uStalin kwakungadingeki abantu bayakwazi ukulwa, futhi besusa kubo.