Fable njengendlela uhlobo izincwadi. ifomu inkulumo inganekwane

Ujwayele inganekwane womuntu kwenzeka esikoleni. Kulapha siqala ukuqonda ke okokuqala incazelo ejulile, wenze iziphetho kuqala ngokufunda bese uzama ukwenza into elungile, kodwa ngaso sonke isikhathi-ke uya. Namuhla sizozama ukubhekana neqiniso ukuthi, futhi ukuthola ukuthi kunani ifomu lezinganekwane inkulumo.

Kuyini kuyinganekwane

Ngaphambi ukuthola ukuthi kunani ifomu lezinganekwane inkulumo, sibona ukuthi kuyini. Fable ngokuthi indaba yobukhulu encane, esibhalelwe ngendlela didactic. protagonists wakhe yizilwane ngisho nezinto ezingaphili. Ngezinye izikhathi protagonists kukhona izinganekwane kanye nabantu. Ungaba asesimweni senkondlo, noma ilotshiwe temibhalo yephrozi.

Fable - yilokho ifomu yokukhuluma? Lena esikufundayo kamuva, futhi manje ake sixoxe oyiyo. Fable inezingxenye ezimbili - lelandzisako okukhipha, okungekhona kubhekwe iseluleko esiqondile imithetho noma iziqondiso, "ziboshelwe" indaba. Lesi siphetho ngokuvamile etholakala umkhiqizo ekupheleni kodwa kungenzeka bondliwe ekuqaleni nokwenziwa kwayo. Abanye abalobi uyilethe ngesimo emazwini okugcina ashiwo izinhlamvu lwasemaphusheni. Kodwa yayizodlalwa kanjani umfundi angase azame ukubona okukhiphayo Ubhalwe oseceleni, ngeke bakwazi ukwenza, ngoba ifomu esicashile, njengoba udaba Yebo ngokuqondene yemicimbi engenhla nezingxoxo. Ngakho-ke umbuzo: "Kuyini kuyinganekwane?" - Ungayiphendula ukuthi lokhu umsebenzi wokubhala ne umsindo nesiphetho uyafundisa.

ifomu inkulumo inganekwane

Ukuqhubeka ukuhlola lokhu uhlobo izincwadi, nixoxe ngombuzo olandelayo. Iyiphi indlela yokukhuluma inganekwane? Ngokuvamile, ababhali ubheke imisebenzi yokukhuluma allegory neqondile. Kodwa atholakala imisebenzi uhlobo izinkondlo didactic, okufutshane lelandzisako fomu. Kodwa qinisekani ngalokhu umsebenzi, inkinga lekhona endzabeni, isihloko uqedele ukuchaza ngendlela engokomfanekiso. Qiniseka kukhona ukuziphatha, okuyinto lethu lifihlakele.

ifomu ehlukile yokukhuluma inganekwane. umbhali waseRussia, yebo, bancika umsebenzi ababengaphambi zabo - Aesop, Phaedrus, La Fontaine. Nokho, akazange azame ukulingisa imisebenzi yabo, ukuhumusha kubo bese udala inganekwane kwakho koqobo. Njengomthetho, wasebenzisa inkulumo ngqo kanye allegory, inkhulumomphendvulwano.

fabulist abadumile

Fable eze kithi ngisho kusukela ezikhathini yaseGrisi yasendulo. Ngakho, siyazi amagama ezifana Aesop (umbhali omkhulu endala), i-fabulist ngobukhulu - Phaedrus. Wayengumuntu nombhali izingoma zakhe siqu nje kuphela kodwa futhi wahumushela imisebenzi kanye izinguquko Aesopian. ERoma lasendulo, okungukuthi kuyinganekwane, kwathiwa Evian futhi Nekkamu ezaziwayo. NgeNkathi Ephakathi, ukubhala inganekwane ne isiphetho ezifundisayo wahlanganyela abalobi like Shteyngevel Nick Nesikhumba, B. Paprocki, Erazm Rotterdamsky nezinye abalobi abaningi. Yena wayedume nemisebenzi lolu hlobo futhi imbongi French Zhan Lafonten (wekhulu nesikhombisa).

Fable ezincwadini Russian

Emakhulwini eminyaka 15-16 eRussia saba impumelelo ye kuyinganekwane, ababevela East ngokusebenzisa waseByzantium. Nakuba kuze kube kulesi sikhathi abafundi kakade kwakhiwa umbono abanye ngalokho ukuthi. Ngemva nje kancane kwalokho, abantu kakade waqala ukutadisha imisebenzi of Aesop, futhi ngo-1731 Cantemir ngisho wabhala izinganekwane eziyisithupha. Nokho, kule wayethethelela kakhulu imisebenzi abalobi yamaGreki asendulo azilingise, kodwa kungenziwa imisebenzi Kantemir Russian kubhekwe.

Chemnitzer, Sumarokov, Trediakovskii Dmitriev kanzima ukwakha izinguqulo zabo netinsimu angaphandle. Ezikhathini zaseSoviet, ezidumile ikakhulukazi kwaba umsebenzi Kubi Damian, Mikhalkov, Glibov.

Kodwa fabulist edume kunazo isiRashiya kwakuwulimi futhi uhlala Ivan Andreevich Krylov. Sokuthuthwa kwempahla umsebenzi wakhe okwenzeka ekuqa- namakhulu eminyaka nesishiyagalombili futhi nesishiyagalolunye. Heroes of the imisebenzi avame izilwane ngisho nezinto ezingaphili. Zenza sengathi abantu, kodwa ukuziphatha kwabo chwaneka izenzo ezimbi ngokujulile ukwakheka komuntu. Izilwane eziningi singamelela noma imuphi imfanelo uhlamvu. Ngokwesibonelo, impungushe lifanekisela ingonyama ngobuqili - isibindi, ihansi - umbhedo, Owl - ngokuhlakanipha, unogwaja - ngobugwala, nokunye. inganekwane Original, elihlakaniphile futhi ephelele lahunyushelwa ezilimini eziningi European nase-Asia. Fabulist ngokwakhe negalelo elikhulu ekuthuthukiseni uhlobo nezincwadi sisonke eRussia. Mhlawumbe ngenxa ebaziwe sakhe, phakathi kwezinye ubuntu evelele wamthatha endaweni yakhe lesikhumbuzo "Millenium Russia" edolobheni lasendulo - Velikiy Novgorod.

Kufinyeta

Ngakho, siye asebenzelana ngayo yokuthi enjalo kuyinganekwane, njengoba kwenzeka, ababehlala futhi kanjani ngokuthi abadali uhlobo. Sathola ukuthi ayengobani fabulists okungcono emhlabeni futhi wafunda izici imikhiqizo yabo. Futhi siyazi ukuthi isakhiwo saleli elotshwe ngobuciko, futhi ngalokho elikufundisayo. Manje umfundi uyazi ukuthi uzothini, sebehlanjululwe wayala: ". Cutting nomqondo inganekwane" Ifomu kolimi kanye nokukhuluma izici le misebenzi ngeke abashiye ubani nandaba.