Namuhla sizokhuluma ngomsebenzi we-Excel ispredishithi umhleli "Uma". Kuhlobene namakhono anengqondo wesicelo. Kungabalwa ngemisebenzi edingekayo kakhulu ngesikhathi somsebenzi.
Izici eziyinhloko
Ku-Excel, i-Ifomu ifaka ufeze zonke izinhlobo zemisebenzi uma udinga ukuqhathanisa idatha ethile bese uthole imiphumela. Lesi sombululo senza kube lula ukusebenzisa ama-branching algorithms, kanye nokudala isihlahla sesinqumo.
Izibonelo zokusetshenziswa
Umsebenzi ubonakala kanje: = IF (umsebenzi, weqiniso, wamanga). Ingxenye yokuqala iyinkulumo enengqondo. Kungaba inkulumo noma inombolo. Isibonelo, "10" noma "ngaphandle kwe-VAT" yizinkulumo ezinengqondo. Le parameter kufanele igcwaliswe. Iqiniso liyigugu eliboniswa njengomphumela uma leli gama liyiqiniso. Amanga yiyo idatha ezokhishwa uma umsebenzi ungalungile.
Ukulingana kwemingcele yamaseli amabili
Ukuqonda ukusebenza komsebenzi othi "Uma" ku-Excel, izibonelo zidingeka kuphela, bese sizohamba phezu kwabo. Faka isibonakaliso 8 esitokisini C. Okulandelayo, ensimini ekhelini D1, faka ifomula elandelayo: = IF (C1 <10; 1; 2). Ngakho-ke, lolu hlelo luzoqala ukuqhathanisa inani ukusuka kuseli C1 kuya kupharamitha 10. Uma lingaphansi kweyishumi, omunye uzovela ensimini ekhelini D1. Ngenkathi ehlukile, umhleli uzokhombisa inombolo 2. Cabangela enye inkinga. Kukhona uhlu lwabafundi namabanga abo atholakele ekuhlolweni. Idatha kanje: 5, 4, kanye no-3 no-2. Isimo somsebenzi sihilela ukwakha ukuphawula kombhalo womfundi ngamunye "odlulisiwe" noma "ohlulekile." Ngamanye amazwi, uma umfundi ethola ibanga lesithathu noma ngaphezulu, wabhekana nokuhlolwa. Uma ibhola lakhe lingaphansi kuka-3 - umfundi akadluli. Ukuxazulula le nkinga, sibhala ifomula elandelayo: = IF (C1 <3, "yahluleka", "idlulisiwe"). I-Excel izoqhathanisa imiphumela yomfundi ngamunye. Uma inkomba ingaphansi kwezintathu (okungukuthi, i-deuce), iseli elihambelanayo lizoqukatha amazwana "ahlulekile". Uma lesi score singama-3 noma ngaphezulu, inothi lizofakwa ebhokisini elidingekayo elibonisa ukuthi umfundi udlulisele ukuhlolwa. Amazwana wombhalo kufanele acashunwe ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ngokwalesi simiso esilula, ifomula elithi "Uma" isebenza ku-Excel. Ngesikhathi sisebenzisa, ungasebenzisa abafana bokuqhathanisa: <>, =,>, <,>, <,.
Izibonelo ngokusetshenziswa kwezimo "OR", "NO"
Siyaqhubeka nokuzijwayeza futhi sibheke amakhono anengqondo wesicelo. Umsebenzi we-spreadsheet ye-Excel "Uma" ingahlanganiswa nabalingisi bokuqhathanisa. Lezi zihlanganisa imingcele: "OR", "NO". Sikhombisa isimo esidingekayo ku-Excel: uma amaphuzu omfundi elingana noma angaphansi kwama-5, kodwa ngaphezulu kuka-3. Amazwana kufanele aboniswe: "Uhamba". Kungenjalo, "cha". Ngakho-ke, kuphela labo bafundi abaye bathola ama-fives ne-fours kudlula. Ungabhala umsebenzi ofanayo kuspredishithi usebenzisa ifomula ekhethekile. Kuzobukeka sengathi: = IF (NOMA (A1 <= 5; A1> 3); "idlula", "cha"). Isibonelo esiyinkimbinkimbi singabhekwa ekusebenziseni "OR" noma "AND". Ngakho ake sibone ukuthi singayisebenzisa kanjani ifomu ku-Excel uma kunezimo eziningana emsebenzini. Isibonelo senkulumo enjalo: = IF (OR (A1 = 5; A1 = 10); 100; 0). Kulokhu kulandela ukuthi uma isibonakaliso esitokisini se-A1 singalingana no-5 noma ngo-10, lolu hlelo luzobonisa imiphumela engu-100, esimweni esihlukile - 0. Ungasebenzisa la ma-operators futhi uxazulule izinkinga eziyinkimbinkimbi. Isibonelo, kule database udinga ukubala abathengi abadinga ukukhokha ama-ruble angaphezu kuka-10 000. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, abazange babuyisele le mboleko isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinyanga eziyisithupha. Umsebenzi we-Excel ispredishithi umhleli "Uma" ivumela imodi yokuzenzekelayo ukuze uthole uphawu "iklayenti inkinga" phambi kwamagama ahambisanayo. Ake sithi i-cell A1 iqukethe idatha ebonisa isikhathi sesikweletu (izinyanga). Insimu B1 ibonisa inani. Kulesi simo, ifomula izoba nefomu elilandelayo: = IF (NOMA (A1> = 6; B1> 10000); "iklayenti inkinga"; ""). Kulandela ukuthi uma umuntu ohlangabezana nezimo ezicacisiwe atholakala, lolu hlelo luzobonisa imibono edingekayo phambi kwegama lakhe. Kubo bonke abanye abahlanganyeli ohlwini, iseli elifanayo lizohlala lingenalutho. Ake sicabangele isibonelo salesi simo uma isimo sibalulekile. Asifake amazwana afanelekile. Ngenxa yalokho, ifomula izoba nefomu elilandelayo: = IF (OR (A1> = 6; B1> 10000); "isimo esibucayi"; ""). Kulesi simo, uma uhlelo luthola okuhlangenwe nakho okungenani enye yemingcele (isikhathi, inani lesikweletu), umsebenzisi uzobona inothi elifanayo. Esikhathini sokuqala, umlayezo "iklayenti inkinga" wanikezwa kuphela lapho kokubili izimo zihlangene.
Izinkinga zezinga eliphakeme lobunzima
Umsebenzi we-Excel spreadsheet umsebenzi "Uma" usetshenziselwa ukudlula amaphutha owakhelwe lapho uhlukaniswa yi-zero, nakwamanye amacala ambalwa. Isimo sokuqala siboniswa umhleli ngokuthi "DEL / 0" futhi kuvame ukuhlangana. Njengomthetho, kwenzeka lapho ifomu "A / B" lizokopishwa, kanti isibonakaliso B emangqamuzaneni ngabanye sizodwa. Lokhu kungagwenywa ngokusebenzisa amandla opharetha esiwacabangayo. Ngakho, ifomula edingekayo izoba nefomu elilandelayo: = IF (B1 = 0; 0; A1 / B1). Kulandela ukuthi uma iseli B1 ligcwele ipharamitha "zero", umhleli uzobuyela "0", uma kunjalo I-Excel izohlukanisa i-A1 nge-B1 futhi ibonise umphumela.
Isaphulelo
Ngokwenza njalo, kuvame ukuthi kube khona isimo esizoxoxwa kamuva. Kungenxa yokubala izaphulelo, ngokusekelwe kwinani eliphelele elisetshenziselwa ukuthengwa komkhiqizo othize. I-matrix esetshenziswe kuleli cala ingaba nefomu elilandelayo: ngaphansi kuka-1000 - 0%; 1001-3000 - 3%; 3001-5000 - 5%; Ngaphezu kuka-5001 - 7%. Cabanga ngesimo lapho ku-Excel kukhona imininingwane yezivakashi, kanye nokwaziswa ngemali esetshenziswe yiyo ekuthengeni izimali. Manje udinga ukubala isaphulelo kumakhasimende ngamunye. Kulokhu, sisebenzisa inkulumo elandelayo: = IF (A1> = 5001; B1 * 0.93; IF (A1 = 3001; B1 * 0.95; ...) .Isistimu ihlola inani lokuthenga, uma lidlula i-5001 AmaRubles, kukhona ukuphindaphinda kwamaphesenti angama-93 ezindleko zezimpahla.Uma izinga lezinyunithi ezingu-3001 lizonqotshwa, kwenziwa isenzo esifanayo, kodwa kulandelwa i-95% .Ifomula ingasetshenziswa kalula ekusebenzeni.Izinga lezentengiso nezindleko zokunciphisa zibekwe ekuboneni komsebenzisi.
Ukusetshenziswa kwamathuba achaziwe kungenzeka ukuxazulula imisebenzi ehlukahlukene. Isigaba esiyinhloko - ukwakheka okulungile kwefomula, ukuze ungatholi umphumela oyiphutha. Manje uyakwazi ukusebenzisa i-opharetha ku-Excel uma kunezimo eziningana kulo msebenzi.