Rockefeller Foundation: umlando, izici, izinto eziza kuqala

Western ocebile - abantu ehlakaniphe akhethekile ukubukwa okungavamile ngokuphila. Kuyinto sibonga le nhlanganisela, eqinisweni, ziye zaba abantu abacebile. Nokho, ngaphezu inhlalakahle omkhulu, eziningi zalezi namadoda acebile owaziwa bona babasekeli babo, emalini ingxenye izimali zabo sokuthuthukiswa amaphrojekthi ahlukahlukene omphakathi namanye. Kulesi sihloko sizoxoxa isakhiwo ngokuthi "Rockefeller Accounting Foundation", izici zayo futhi imikhakha yomsebenzi.

umsunguli

Umuntu anikeza ugqozi ukuthuthukiswa lwamakhosi lonke, iyona Dzhon Devison Rokfeller, Sr. (kamuva indodana yakhe wazalelwa elinegama elifanayo), owazalelwa e-edolobheni Richforde, NY. Lokhu kwenzeka ngo-1839. Abazali we magnate esizayo babe amaProthestani umndeni nginezingane eziningi, lowo uJohane wayeyingxenye yesibili. Ubaba wayenomoya umnikazi eyinhloko-dolobha yakhe encane, kodwa okuvame ukuhamba ukuze adayise elixirs ahlukahlukene. Ngesikhathi esifanayo unina umndeni waphoqeleka ukuba ugcine kakhulu kuyo yonke into.

Imfundo yebhizinisi

I Rockefeller Foundation kwakungabakhathazi owadalile uma kumdlali ekuqaleni kuka ebuntwaneni hhayi ngifundile ukuba engongi futhi asebenzise izinto zabo ezibonakalayo ngokuhlakanipha. Ngokwesibonelo, uJohane wathenga yena iphawundi candy ke wabahlukanisa ngezigaba njengamadodana yinqwaba eziningana futhi ekugcineni zidayiselwe kubo odade yakhe siqu, kodwa ngentengo ephakeme. Lapho ngineminyaka engu-eziyisikhombisa, umfana wathola omakhelwane bakhe ngu ezikhulayo kubo amazambane kanye turkeys. UJohane futhi abaqeqeshwe ukuba lokhozi konke izimali zakho, wazibhala encwadini, futhi ubeke eceleni ingxenye nomholo wabo endaweni yomcebo.

Lapho ngineminyaka engu-nantathu, le nsizwa ayedumisa umngane wakhe ngaphansi 7.5% ngonyaka e lemali zamadola, anamanci mahlanu.

Ukuqala endleleni lengcebo

Ngo-1857, uJohn seyaziwa ukuthi omunye waseNgilandi ezobambisana naye ibhizinisi nombuso $ 2,000 ibhizinisi ngokuhlanganyela. Nakuba Rockefeller kwaba kuphela $ 800, kodwa benamandla umqondo, futhi ngenxa yalokho wathatha imali kuyise, owamsiza ukuthatha post ka junior wabasunguli inkampani "Clark kanye Rotchester", okwakubekelwa waziphatha ukudayiswa okusanhlamvu, inyama, hay nezinye izimpahla. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, inkampani wathatha loan, izingxoxo ku ekuwulungiseleleni kwaholela ibhange kwaba nguJohane banxenxa umphathi vydat imali.

Ngo-1870, Dzhon Devison, ngubani eminyakeni embalwa kamuva wasungula Rockefeller Foundation, ivule inkampani yakhe, wahlanganyela uwoyela. Ukwenza leli bhizinisi, American wasungula uhlelo okuyingqayizivele ngempela kokuphila ukuqhutshelwa phambili kwazo zonke izisebenzi zazo: akazange akhokhe iholo evamile, kubalwa nabantu amasheya eNkampani, okuyinto izingcaphuno ngokuqhubekayo wahamba bavunyelwe ukuthola idividendi ehloniphekile. Ngakho usomabhizinisi brilliant wakwazi nentshisekelo abangaphansi kwakhe bezikhandla ukuze kuzuze inkampani, ngoba ngamunye wabo wayazi ukuthi izinga umsebenzi owawenziwa kuzoncika impumelelo yakhe siqu zezimali.

esiza abantulayo

I Rockefeller Foundation - yokunikela eyasungulwa ngo-1913 futhi isekelwe ngqo e-New York.

Ngokuvamile, kwasebusheni bakhe, Johane njalo susa 10% weholo lazo esontweni lamaBaptist. Sekukonke, ngokuba ukuphila eninike wona angaphezu kuka $ 100 million. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izigidi ezingu-80 sicebi wanika-University of Chicago, wasiza nasekwenzeni New York i-Institute for Research.

Namuhla, lesi sakhiwo elawula owayeyinhloko-University of Pennsylvania, Dr. Dzhudit Rodin, owaba ngowokuqala wesifazane ukubamba lokhu okuthunyelwe, esikhundleni eyandulela okuthiwa uGordon Conway ngo-2005.

Imisebenzi esemqoka, okuyinto enikelwe ngokwawo Rockefeller Umkhaya Isikhwama, yilezi:

• ucwaningo emkhakheni wezokwelapha;
• imfundo;
• izibonelelo kanye namagranti kwezolimo, domain yomphakathi, kanye sokutadisha izinkinga ezihlukahlukene ezihlobene ne-global nokuvikelwa kwemvelo;
• ngezimali nokwakhiwa kwezindlu emphakathini obuswa ngentando yeningi, bakhulise izinga kwezamasiko nasentuthukweni.

Ukwenqaba ngezimali ukukhiqizwa hydrocarbon

Entwasahlobo ka-2016 i-Rockefeller Foundation wanquma ukudlulisela izimpahla zonke izinkampani abathintekayo ezimayini uwoyela namalahle. Ikakhulukazi, lokhu kwathinta ukwenziwa giant ngokuthi ExxonMobil. Ngokwenhlangano esiza abampofu i, namuhla asikho isidingo ukuqhubeka ukutshala imali lezi zinkombandlela ngenxa yokuthi ukuthi abantu bamazwe omhlaba ufuna ukuqeda ukusetshenziswa zokubasa ezimbiwa phansi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, Rockefellers wathi futhi ukuthi ezinye zigcine Sekuvele kufakazelwe kunesidingo ukugcina komhlaba, ukuze sigcine ithemba okukhulu ngezizukulwane ezizayo abantu lisinde futhi alondoloze semvelo acwebile.

Ngokuqondene nakho konke okungenhla, manje Rockefeller Foundation kuyodingeka mayelana 1% kuphela izimpahla zalo emafutheni namalahle ibhizinisi (nawo wonke imali iphothifoliyo). Nakuba kunjalo, uma kubhekwa izinga utshalomali lesi sakhiwo esiza abantulayo, ngenxa isamba usazoba umxhwele.

Futhi, konke lokhu kusenza siqonde ukuthi lesi sinqumo kuzoholela baseMelika kulokho manje Rockefeller Foundation e-Russia kuyoba kakhulu esingaphansi asebenzayo kunangaphambi.

isiphetho

Kuhle kokusho omunye kuyiqiniso ephawulekayo. Ngo-2012, Rockefeller umndeni Rotshiltdov ememezela ukusungulwa kwe-ithemba ngamazwe. Manje kuba sobala ukuthi akukho sína emhlabeni ingekho ngaphandle ithonya lalaba imikhaya enamandla.