Yiziphi zegazi? Zifeza yiphi indima lapho emzimbeni? Yikuphi izifo zegazi kukhuphuke

Ama-platelet I ezincane ze-non-zenuzi izakhi kumiswa igazi. Ababandakanyeka hemostasis (a eziyinkimbinkimbi ukusabela okuhloswe ngaso ephumula ukopha futhi isixwayiso). Ama-platelet I letiyindilinga noma okweqanda. I ububanzi we cell phakathi ezimbili futhi ezine microns.

Ngo imithambo yegazi, izinhlayiya zegazi ahlelwe ezindongeni noma egazini. Esimeni sesibili, amaseli kukhona esimweni aphumule futhi has simise disk. kusebenze platelet kunomthelela ekushintsheni mafomu: amaseli abe sphericity futhi ethize ifomu protuberances (pseudopodia). Ngalezi izinqubo labo abazokwazi izakhi igazi ukunamathela nomunye noma odongeni umonakalo isitsha kokuba. Lesi senzakalo ngokuthi wokuhlanganisa (ukuhlala ndawonye). Ama-platelet I, ngaphezu kwalokho, ifa izakhiwo kuya adhesion (nokubumbana), degranulation (Ukukhululwa lokuqukethwe), sokuhoxisa ihlule (noma ukuhlala ngokwahlukana ephelele encishisiwe igazi ihlule kusukela serum). On ubuso bayo, amaseli bayakwazi ukubekezelela fibrinogen into eziphila abakhuthele (serotonin), anticoagulants nezakhiwo mzimba (afundwa).

Ngu adhesion futhi platelet wokuhlanganisa inikeza hemostasis ezitsheni esincane (amaseli buthelela endaweni umonakalo). Njengoba evuselela coalescence nqubo adrenalin, thrombin, i-collagen, le-serotonin. Nge iqhaza thrombin kuyinto izinqubo kumiswa (pseudopodia). Platelet zithutha aqukethe ekunqandeni izici (serotonin, peroxidase enzyme platelet fibrinogen diphosphate adenosine (Adp), serotonin, platelet-etholakala ukukhula factor, von Willebrand isici).

Phakathi isihoxiso igazi ihlule kwenzeka adhesion ukuba fibrin sesigcilikisha nokukhululwa trombostenina okuyinto luhlala kubo. Imiphumela iba yinhlanganisela yokukhandleka seal ezimazombe imicu, kanjalo zakha isimiso thrombus eyinhloko.

Ukuhlaziya zegazi ukunquma coagulation nemingcele. Kubhekwe lokuhlushwa ejwayelekile ayizinkulungwane 180-320 ngemililitha ngayinye.

Uma platelet bayanda, ke kukhona thrombocytosis. isimo esinjalo kungase kubonise isifo esingelapheki i ezithathelwanayo nemvelo, izimila, izifo igazi. Thrombocytosis kungabangela kumiswa amahlule izitsha. Uma platelet bayanda, kungenzeka umzimba emzimbeni. isimo ababhekene nesimo esinje kungabaduduza senziwa ukuhlanza, ukungeneli baphuza uketshezi, sezinyawo sifo.

I lokuhlushwa izinhlayiyana zegazi ingase yehluke kuye ngesistimu isikhathi sonyaka noma usuku. Ukwehlisa okuqukethwe cell kungabonakala nasemkhakheni le esikhathini noma ukukhulelwa. Ngokuvamile platelet lenyuka ngemva kokuvivinya umzimba.

Thrombocytosis kungavuka kokubili abadala kanye nezingane. Ukwandisa lokuhlushwa platelet kungaba samabanga aphansi noma.

Izingane thrombocytosis ayakha ngemva exclusion kwezinso azalwa nako.

Ekuqaleni anda zegazi, ngokuvamile eritremii, ezingamahlalakhona wegazi myeloid nezinye izifo igazi. Ukwandisa lokuhlushwa egazi sihlotshaniswa ukusheshisa division of eyandulela (megakaryocytes). Le nqubo nobuntu ukuguqulwa ebulalayo.

thrombocytosis yesibili ezitholakele izifo ezivukayo ngokusebenzisa umkhiqizo wawanda ka thrombopoietin (polypeptide-hormone okuthiwa i).

Ama-platelet I kungenziwa anda izilonda emathunjini, isifo sofuba yamaphaphu, i-rheumatoid articular izilonda uhlamvu sofuba extrapulmonary, amyloidosis, osteomyelitis, isibindi sibe sesomile nezinye pathologies ezingamahlalakhona ukuvuvukala. Thrombocytosis kwenzeka ku isizinda ukuthuthukiswa izimila ebulalayo, nokopha, ngemva kwasekuzalweni ezithile.