Adolf Eichmann: Biography ngezithombe

Ikusasa isikhulu German futhi amaGestapo isikhulu Adolf Eichmann wazalwa ngo-1906, March 19 edolobheni Solingen eWestphalia. Uyise wayengumGreki wamabhuku ezimali, ihhovisi ixazululwe ibe inkampani entsha e Linz, Austria. Lokho kwenzeka ngo-1924.

Esakhula

Umfana kusuka ebuntwaneni wathola yokukhuliswa Katolika. Umlando uyazi zenzakalo abaningi abangazazi. Lokho Eichmann, isibonelo, waya esikoleni esifanayo e Linz, lapho u-Adolf Hitler wafunda phambi, owawungumnyaka emashumini amabili amadala kuka namesake wakhe.

On ebuntwaneni kwafika impi nokuvukela. umndeni Eichmann abasinda zikhathi zeziyaluyalu wokuthula, kanti inhloko yomkhaya futhi zonke laphumelela, futhi ngisho wavula ibhizinisi lakhe siqu. imisebenzi yebhizinisi kwakhe kwahlanganisa okwami eduze Salzburg, kanye Mills eziningana. Nokho, emva kwempi, bomnotho, ngenxa lapho Eichmann endala waya yimali futhi wayeka uzama ukusebenzisa inkampani. Yingakho nje kungazange kumangaze, njengoba wonke amabhizinisi kuhambile ungeke uzithole usuwile. Adolf Eichmann phakathi nalesi sikhathi kwaba engenamandla okuqeda izifundo zakhe esikoleni futhi uyise emthuma ngokwakhe ukusiza abasebenzi emayini. Kamuva, wafundiswa Ihluzo Elingafaki Ukuqoka futhi esebenzela inkampani kaphethiloli, wahlanganyela supply uphalafini ezindaweni ezinezinga ugesi ababuthakathaka.

Ukungena SS

Esikhathini 20s ngasekupheleni Adolf Eyhman waya amasosha Youth Union nophinde abe ngokusebenzisa ukuxhumana kule nyunyana. Lokhu imvelo wayegcwele bagqugquzela of the SS anikela ngalo amalungu Union enhlanganweni yabo. Veterans ukubekezelela izingalo, ukuthi kwakubaluleke kakhulu ukuba abahluleli we NSDAP. Adolf Eichmann wajoyina SS ne-National Socialist Party 1932. Wayesaphayona abahlala e-Austria, lapho uhulumeni akakuthandanga umsebenzi asebenzayo we ezizivelelayo German. Ngakho-ke, ngonyaka ozayo SS, zavalwa futhi Eichmann waya eJalimane.

Okokuqala wayesesangweni Passau kanye eDachau. Ngalowo nyaka waba Unterscharführer, okuhambelana isikhundla yesisebenti non-ethunywe. Lokhu kwalandelwa umsebenzi zokubhala iyunithi Reichsfuhrer Genriha Gimmlera. Kwakuwusuku isikhulu sama-SS. Yayala Eichmann ukungena emnyangweni omusha ophethe Umbuzo wamaJuda. Ngalesi sikhathi e oMbusi babelungiselela sokuxosha bonke abantu zamaSemite. Adolf kwadingeka enze isinqumo esibonisa inkomba kusukela encwadini "I-Jewish State." Kamuva lalisetshenziswa SS njengoba isiyingi ejwayelekile.

Ngo-1937, Eichmann wazama ukuya Palestine, ukuhlangana oda yaleli zwe. Wahlangana namanxusa Hagal - amaqembu Jewish paramilitary, wavimbela eMpumalanga Ephakathi. Ngemva Anschluss ne-Austria, labuya isosha ukuba izwe lapho uhlelo ukuthi yashesha ukuthuthela kwelinye izwe sabantu ongayifuni yezwe.

Isixazululo we Umbuzo wamaJuda

Lapho kuqala impi ngo-September 1939 e oMbusi Ezokuphepha Main Office uMnyango IV-B-4 lamiswa, eliholwa Adolf Eichmann wafakwa. KomJuda yimuphi omunye isakhamuzi elihlobene ne kwamaJuda, zawa ngaphansi kokulawula kwakhe baqaphe. Nguye wavumelana ukuqinisekisa ukuthi e-Auschwitz kwakukhona ekamu ukufa abadumile wavula ngo 1941.

Kamuva njengonobhala wo- engqungqutheleni eyayikhuluma izinyathelo "isixazululo yokugcina Umbuzo wamaJuda." Wayehola Amaminithi omhlangano wanikela ekudingisweni Kuboshwe eMpumalanga Yurophu. Engxenyeni empini, lapho zonya kubaneka nge esikalini esikhethekile yesibili, u-Adolf baba amabombo Sonderkommandos. Bathunyelwa Auschwitz lamaJuda esuka kulo lonke elaseYurophu. Ngo-1944, ama-SS umholi UHimmler athola umbiko 4 ayisigidi wabulawa, umlobi zazo kwakungu-Adolf Eichmann. Biography of lokhu umsebenzi kuhlangene ngokungenakuhlukaniswa igazi nokubulala.

Flight Argentina

Lapho Third Reich lanqotshwa i-umbimbi usuqalile ukubopha abaholi abasindile amaNazi umshini zokucindezela. Abaningi babo bagcina ngesikhathi esebhokisini labasolwa ngesikhathi lo eNuremberg izilingo, lapho wathumela nesigwebo sentambo. Phakathi kwawo kwakunodade owayesuka Adolf Eichmann. Photo isephulamthetho wayebhekisele iphuzu eziningi zamasosha ne-US intelligence, iSoviet Union nokunye. D.

Ngolunye usuku akakwazanga ukugwema, njalo wayephambi umbiko. Kodwa ngisho ngalesi sikhathi, Eichmann ngokuthi wayeqambe amanga akhe identity futhi yethulwa amalungu sezizwe sokuzithandela SS. Ngesikhathi eboshelwe etilongweni zendawo, wakwazi ukuphunyuka. Ukuze sisinde, izigebengu amaNazi ngibaleke esuka eYurophu. Ngokuvamile, inhloso yohambo lwazo kwaba naseLatin America, lapho enkulu ukuthola umuntu kwaba esifana ekutholeni inaliti in a inqwaba. Kube lonke simiso "i-rat emizileni," lapho ngababaleki wathola imbobo umngcele nezokuthutha.

Umbuzo yokhiye ushintsho ungubani futhi imibhalo. Ngubani Adolf Eichmann emva ukuvela-passport? Wakhetha igama Spanish Ricardo Klement futhi ngosizo izindela Franciscan wenza isitifiketi Red Cross ngo-1950. Wayekhona-Argentina, lapho nomkhaya wakhe bathuthela ngayofuna umsebenzi efemini wendawo Mersedes-Benz. Eyhman Adolf, ogama usuku lokuzalwa kwaba Mashi 19, 1906, washintsha it in passport.

Mossad ifuna isephulamthetho

Ngalesi sikhathi abantu baseMpumalanga Ephakathi uvele nombuso wakwa-Israyeli. intelligence Local Mossad eyingoduso ethungatha phansi amaNazi izigebengu impi. Ukuze emphakathini wamaJuda, kwaba udaba esibucayi kakhulu, njengoba Kwesizwe abathintekayo izakhamuzi eziningi ezweni elisha (noma okungenani ezihlotsheni zabo nabangane). Eichmann kwakuyiwona mgomo inombolo eyodwa, njengoba nguyena oku holele ekutheni abantu abangenacala ethumela ekamu ukufa e-Auschwitz. Kodwa mayelana neminyaka eyishumi ezayo, i-search akuphumelelanga kuze kuvele kunjalo.

Ngo-1958, i-scouts ithole ulwazi ukukhalipha ukuthi Eichmann ayecashe e-Argentina. Kwathi ngokuyisimangaliso. Indodana owayeyilungu amaGestapo baqala ukuqomisana intombazane futhi boastfully thasisela akhe ngomlando kayise. Umngani entsha wayebuye abe ubaba okuthiwa Elisabeth Hermann. WayengumJuda Lokudabuka isiJalimane, izisulu ekuqothulweni ku kwamaNazi. Wayengasaboni, kodwa qhubeka nengqondo esangulukile futhi wayenesithakazelo isiphetho amaNazi izigebengu impi. Njengoba yayazi indodakazi yakhe mayelana insizwa enegama Eichmann, masinyane ucabangeni amaGestapo abadumile. Elisabeth wakwazi ukuxhumana Mossad bese wabelana imibono yabo.

Ukulungiselela ukuhlinzwa

Ukusebenza ukuze uthwebule nombaleki sasiqhutshwa esiphezulu izinyathelo conspiratorial. Kwakuthinta eliholwa umqondisi Mossad, Isser Harel. Zonke ejenti bathunyelwa Argentina wedwa, ngezinye izikhathi ezahlukene nabasemazweni ehlukene. Ukuze kube lula ukuhamba ukukhalipha, inkampani yokulungisela abahambayo ngamanga yadalwa. Ngo-April 1960 kwaqala observation ngqo into the Mossad amaphoyisa efika. Ubude iqhaza ekuqhubeni abantu 30, 12 ababengasekho lesimbi langempela le bamba. Abanye baye enikeziwe technical support futhi ulwazi. izimoto eziningana futhi izindlu zingakakhiwa kwaqashwa latitude of iqhinga uma eziphuthumayo.

Eichmann ezandleni intelligence Israeli

ejenti Seven walindela Eichmann kubaqamekeli, lapho owanibiza ngeSpanishi ingenye abadlali. Adolf kwaba reception ethukile nelson bamphushela angene emotweni. Walethwa villa ephephile lapho ke lwahlolwa ukuze khona ushevu kufihlwe. AmaNazi Abaningi ayethwele amashubhu uma uvalo ezingalindelekile. Lo mkhuba akazange ikhefu ezishushiswe ukufa. Eichmann ngesikhathi esisodwa yavuma ukuthi nguye ecinga Mossad. izinsuku Nine inqubo yokukhululwa kwesiboshwa labetibambile villa kwaze kwaba umbuzo bakuthumela Israyeli. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi wayephenywa izikhathi eziningana, kamuva lasetshenziselwa enkantolo.

Lapho Eichmann walethwa sezindiza, yena waba yezidakamizwa futhi sedatives. Kuye egqoke ifomu somshayeli ongumakad Israeli, ngakho-ke akazange abangele izinsolo phakathi amasiko izikhulu (anikwa ipasipoti amanga).

Trial nasekubulaleni

Kwa-Israyeli, Eichmann icala lakhe lathethwa khona, lapho senza izisulu Kwesizwe. Leso siboshwa isigwebo sentambo. Ngemva kokufika kwakhe e-Israel, UNdunankulu uDavid Ben-Gurion utshele abezindaba ukuthi isigebengu amaNazi - ezandleni ubulungiswa wendawo. Inqubo esikhulu ukukhala umphakathi emhlabeni wonke. Juni 1, 1962 walengiswa ngamacala ehlangene kohlanga.