Photo kanye biography of Nabokov. Ukudala. amaqiniso ezithakazelisayo

Vladimir Nabokov - umlobeli oluvelele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwaba imbongi, umhlaziyi tetemibhalo, Isazi sezinambuzane, umhumushi uthisha. Vladimir Nabokov iyona abalobi zasekhaya kuphela, owadala imisebenzi kubhalwe ngolimi ongalwazi (ngesiNgisi), kanye bebodwa. Biography of Nabokov wachaza ngokuningiliziwe kulesi sihloko.

isitayela sakhe unothile kakhulu, ahlukahlukene, eliyingqayizivele futhi yesiteleka. imisebenzi Nabokov edume kakhulu - noveli "Lolita", okuyinto yathathwa izikhathi eziningana, kanye "The Luzhin Defense", "Masha", "Isipho", "Isimemo ngokunqunywa". Zonke lezi imisebenzi ezithakazelisayo, ngamunye ngendlela yabo.

umbuthano Nabokov sika izithakazelo

Kumele ukuthi uhla izithakazelo komlobi zazinomqondo kakhulu. Vladimir Nabokov wenza umnikelo omkhulu lepidopterist (kulesi sigaba ibizwa ngokuthi eziyinkimbinkimbi izwi nezifundo zezentuthwae ukutadisha Lepidoptera). Twenty zezimvemvane wathola Nabokov. Biography, kafushane evezwe, awusebenzi ukubandakanya amaziyo enemininingwane nge ugqozi lwakhe, ngoba uVladimir Vladimirovich oyithandayo kithi ngaphezu kwakho konke njengendlela umlobi. Nokho, mangisho ukuthi uVladimir Nabokov kuyinto nombhali nesishiyagalombili izihloko zesayensi. Eqoqweni yakhe zezimvemvane, zikhona 4324 amakhophi. Walinika le Zoological Museum, enomnikazi University wase-Lausanne.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, tekufundzisa temibhalo Russian futhi Ezweni eligcwele umlobi ezifana Vladimir Nabokov, biography. Wabuye olimini lwesiNgisi, "Lay" futhi "Evgeniya Onegina". Futhi, lesi umbhali asithandayo chess, okuyinto kwaba ushintsho olukhulu ngempela umdlali onamandla. Uye eshicilelwe ezinye izinkinga ezithakazelisayo chess.

Umsuka Nabokov

Biography of Nabokov iqala Apreli 10, 1899 - ukuthi wazalwa nini. Yena uvela emkhayeni ngamunye wama ahlukile. Uyise umbhali esizayo kwaba Nabokov uVladimir Dmitrievich, isazi sezombusazwe abadumile. Umndeni wajabulela izilimi ezintathu: bomdabu Russian, kanye French nesiNgisi. Ngakho, uVladimir Vladimirovich. Kusukela esemncane wayeke kahle lezi zilimi. Emazwini akhe siqu, Nabokov wafunda ukufunda ngesiNgisi ngaphambi ngesiRashiya.

Ebuntwaneni, ukufunda esikoleni Tenishev

ingane ngesikhathi isencane umbhali esizayo lidlule ngobuningi futhi ibaduduze emzini wabazali bakhe, etholakala e Saint Petersburg, Bolshaya Morskaya. Futhi wavakashela umndeni ezweni izindlu, okwakukhona ngaphansi Gatchina (isithombe ngenhla ibonisa).

Vladimir Nabokov saqala ukuqeqesha ngesikhathi Petersburg Tenishev School. Kulesi sikhungo Kungakabiphi wafundiswa Osip Mandelstam. Nezifundo zezentuthwae nezincwadi baba izithakazelo main uVladimir Vladimirovich. Ngezindleko zakhe siqu ngaphambi nje Revolution, wanyathelisa iqoqo izinkondlo zakhe siqu.

Ukuthuthela kwelinye izwe, efundisa Cambridge

Ngemva inguquko ka-1917 umkhaya Nabokov iyiswe eCrimea, futhi kamuva, ngo-1919, banquma ukuthuthela kwelinye izwe Nabokovs. Bakwazi ukuthatha ezinye izinto zokuhloba nabo, kanye Umndeni wawuhlala imali eBerlin. Ngalesi sikhathi, waqhubeka nezifundo zakhe eCambridge uVladimir Vladimirovich Nabokov. Umlando wakhe kwale minyaka, kuphawulwa yokuthi waqhubeka nokubhala izinkondlo ngesiRashiya bese elihunyushwe umsebenzi Lewis Carroll sika "ethi Alice in Wonderland" olimini lwabo lwendabuko.

ukufa kayise Nabokov sika

Ngo-March 1922 lesi Nabokov umndeni nhlekelele yenzeke. yomkhaya wabulawa, uVladimir Dmitrievich. Lo mcimbi edabukisayo kwenzeka ngesikhathi inkulumo "Melika kanye nokubuyiselwa Russia" P. N. Milyukova owawuba Berlin Philharmonic. Uyise umbhali ezama ukuvimba ihlumela olukhulu at Milyukov, kodwa ubulawa umlingani wakhe.

Umshado, izindaba kuqala bese noveli yokuqala

Vladimir Nabokov ngo-1922 yaba ilungu abaHlakazekile isiRashiya, abahlala Berlin. Yena wathola imali ophilayo nokufundisa isiNgisi. Ngo ihlelwe abasuka iSoviet Union ngo-Berlin ukushicilela izindlu kanye namaphephandaba yaqala ukubonakala izindaba Nabokov. Isenzakalo esibalulekile ukuphila komuntu umbhali senzeka ngo-1925 - eseshadile. It sekuyinkinga darling Vera Slonim. Vladimir Vladimirovich wahlangana nalona wesifazane ngesikhathi ibhola timphahla tekubhukusha. Esinye sezizathu ezinkulu ukuvela yayo njengendlela umlobi kuyinto kahle ngokuphila komkhaya wakubo bajabule. inoveli Nabokov lokuqala ngokuthi "Masha" zibuya ngokushesha emva komshado umsunguli walo.

Isebenza ngesiRashiya

Kuze 1937, uVladimir Nabokov wabhala amanoveli eziyisishiyagalombili ngesiRashiya. isitayela yalo yayenziwe buya ngokuya eziyinkimbinkimbi, umlobi ukubeka ucwaningo ngokugqamile ngaphezulu nge ifomu. In Soviet Russia, hhayi eshicilelwe Nabokov amanoveli, kodwa ukuthuthela kwelinye izwe entshonalanga, ababenakho yimpumelelo. yobuciko Namuhla le misebenzi ezibhekwa namaklasikhi kwezincwadi isiRashiya, ikakhulukazi amanoveli ezifana "Isipho," "I Luzhin Defense" futhi "Isimemo ngokunqunywa".

Ukuthuthela kwelinye izwe e-United States, amanoveli ngesiNgisi

Ngo-1930 ngasekupheleni, inqubomgomo bezingelwa iziphathimandla zamaNazi eJalimane, kwaholela ekunyamalaleni ka abaHlakazekile Russian e-Berlin. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi ekuphileni Nabokov nomkayo, umJuda kuleli zwe liye laba kungenzeki, ngakho wathuthela Paris. Kamuva, lapho kuqala iMpi Yezwe II, umbhali bethuthele e-United States. Lapho efika eYurophu, lashabalala ayehlakazekele isiRashiya, uVladimir Vladimirovich. Ekugcineni elahlekile abafundi abakhuluma isiRashiya. Ukuze Nabokov, okuwukuphela kwekhambi kwaba ukuqala ukubhala nge-English. Le noveli yokuqala, wadala lolu limi, wabhala emuva e-Europe, ngaphambi kokushiya i-United States. Ibizwa ngokuthi "The Real Life of Sebastian Knight". Futhi kusukela ngo-1937 kwaze kwaba sekufeni kwakhe, uVladimir Vladimirovich azange abhale yimuphi ngaphezulu phezu noveli Russian. Wavele elihunyushwe ngokuthi "Lolita" ngolimi lwendabuko, futhi wabhala incwadi kuwo ( "nezinye ogwini").

Esikhathini kusuka 1940 kuya ku-1958, uVladimir Nabokov, ngesikhathi Melika zuza eziphilayo yakhe ngu benokuthile e emanyuvesi aseMelika. Lezi izinkulumo abazinikele izincwadi kazwelonke kanye nezwe.

Amaqiniso ethakazelisayo Nabokov-uthisha

okwakhe okukhulu umbhali ovelele Nabokov. Umlando wakhe futhi wathola amaqiniso eziningi ezithakazelisayo. Kodwa futhi njengoba uthisha Nabokov Kuyathakazelisa lokungekho ngephansi. Kuyaziwa ukuthi ayevelele ngu ngendlela engavamile sokubeluleka. Vladimir Nabokov wacela abafundi ukuba ahlale njalo ezindaweni ezifanayo. Yena ngokuqinile wamenqabela ukwenza kubo ngesikhathi izinkulumo ziphathelene wezangaPhandle. Vladimir Vladimirovich akavumelekile ukungena ukuhlolwa. Lokhu kungenziwa kuphela ngokuletha incwadi kadokotela. Ngokuphelele enawulungiselelwa zonke izinkulumo zabo Nabokov. Biography nangemisebenzi yokuphulukisa umbhali esithile ngazifunda ngokuningiliziwe lokho okwenzeka. Umlobi ukucabangisisa ngalokho ozokusho. Noma kunjalo, abafundi baba nomuzwa wokuthi uthisha eziningi aqamba. Vladimir Vladimirovich kwadingeka umbono wakhe siqu mayelana konke ngesikhathi esifanayo kungenzeka kakhulu ezahlukene kusukela evamile. Ikakhulu, libhekisela umbono walo on umsebenzi Sholokhov, laseChekhov, Dostoevsky nabanye. Nabokov imfuna wanengwa konke umFilisti, inhlamba kanye banal.

Eyokuqala inoveli lesiNgisi, "Lolita"

Eyokuqala lesiNgisi amanoveli ka Nabokov kwaba "Ukuphila Kwangempela ...", kakade ngenhla, kanye "Bend Sinister". Le misebenzi, naphezu kwakho konke sokunconywa yabo kwezobuciko, impumelelo commercial azange abe.

Ngaleyo minyaka, uVladimir Vladimirovich eduze osondela E. Wilson, kanye namanye abahlaziyi bemibhalo. Uyaqhubeka ukusebenza nezifundo zezentuthwae ezingeni okhokhelwayo. Okuhambayo kuyo yonke iUnited States ngamaholide, usebenzela ukudalwa noveli "Lolita" umlobi wayo, uVladimir Nabokov. Biography kanye nomsebenzi omlobi, abaningi Sinesithakazelo ngenxa yokuthi nguye umdali umsebenzi. yisihloko salo - indaba eyodwa wesilisa omdala, ngubani lwavuthela abanothando intombazane eneminyaka engu-12 ubudala. Okwesikhathi yayo, isihloko kwakuyinto engacabangeki, ngoba lokho umbhali kwaba cishe alikho ithemba ngisho iqiniso lokuthi kule noveli ishicilelwe, ingasaphathwa ukuvuma kwayo. Nokho, impumelelo walokho wabonakala ngokushesha. "Lolita" Okokuqala wadedelwa e-Europe, futhi ngemva kwesikhashana - eMelika. Lokhu inoveli ngokushesha alethwe ingcebo zezimali umbhali nodumo emhlabeni wonke. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi umsebenzi woqobo ukuthi bamake Nabokov, uvele "Olympia" ukushicilela banengeke kakhulu. Lokhu indlu ukushicilela, okuyinto nombhali "Lolita" uye waqaphela ngemva umbhalo lishicilelwe, ikakhulukazi ezikhethekile "polupornograficheskih" amanoveli kanye nemisebenzi efana.

Buyela Europe, umkhiqizo yakamuva

Biography of Nabokov okwengeziwe imakwe ephindela Europe. Umlobi Kusukela ngo-1960 ukuphila e Montreux (Switzerland). Kwabonakala amanoveli yakhe yakamuva, phakathi lapho futhi elalidume kunawo wonke kukhona "isihogo" futhi "Kuphuma Fire". Biography of Nabokov iphela ngo-1977. Yingaleso sikhathi lapho umbhali wafa, ngaphambi kweminyaka eli-78. "Wangempela Laura" - inoveli Nabokov lokugcina, awasalayo sidle. It yanyatheliswa ngo-November 2009 ngolimi lwesiNgisi. Ngawo lowo nyaka endlini ukushicilela "ABC" ukhiphe translation Russian yalo msebenzi.

Biography of Nabokov, sifinyeto amanoveli akhe, kanye imibhalo zemisebenzi yakhe - konke lokhu nokunye kuze kube namuhla, isithakazelo abalandeli eminingi ephathelene nomsebenzi wakhe. Vladimir Nabokov - umlobi yasekuqaleni futhi abanamakhono, elaziwa emhlabeni jikelele.