Achilles yiqhawe lezinganekwane zamaGreki zasendulo

Achilles iyiqhawe lezinganekwane zamaGrisi zasendulo, ezaziwa kakhulu ngesiqephu sokubamba iqhaza kwiMpi YeTrojan. Mayelana nalokhu umlingisi wabhala uHomer "e-Illyada" yakhe. Futhi nakuba i-"Illyada" ibhekwa njengomsebenzi wamaqhawe echaza impi ngokumelene noTroy, eqinisweni, kuyindaba mayelana nokuxabana phakathi kuka-Achilles neNkosi King Agamemnon. Nguye oholele ezenzakalweni ezanquma umphumela wokuvinjezelwa kwedolobha iminyaka eyishumi.

Umsuka we-Achilles

U-Achilles wayeyiqhawe. Futhi okokuqala, ngisho nangenxa yezenzo zabo. Ukuphela kwesibindi sama-Achilles okwakusungulwe ngaphambilini ekuzalweni. Emva kwakho konke, ngokwezinkolelo zamaGrisi, inzalo, eyabonakala ngenxa yokuxhumana konkulunkulu abangenakufa nabantu abafayo, yaba iqhawe. Yena ngokwakhe wayengenalo ukungafi, kodwa, wayengathembela ekuphathweni kwezihlobo zasezulwini futhi, njengombuso, wayenamakhono akhethekile, ikakhulukazi amasosha.

Unina wama-Achilles wayengumkhumbi olwandle lwaseThetis, noyise kaPeleus, owayebusa phezu kwamaMmymidoni. Ngakho-ke, ngokuvamile e-Iliad, leli gama libizwa ngokuthi i-Pelid (okusho ukuthi indodana kaPeleus). Akuyona impela umshado ojwayelekile phakathi komuntu wasemhlabeni kanye nenyoka engapheli nayo ichazwa emlandweni. UThetis wakhuliswa nguHera, kwathi uZeus ezama ukudukisa insizwa encane, ngokubonga ngokunakekelwa komlingani wakhe osemthethweni, wenqaba i-Olympian yokuzikhukhumeza. Ekujezisweni, uZeus wanikeza amaThetis ukuba afele.

I-Achilles 'isithende

Kwadlula isikhathi futhi abantwana bakaThetis noPeleus bazalwa. Ukuhlola ukuthi ngabe abafanga yini noma cha, amaThethi anciphisa umntwana osanda kuzalwa e-cauldron ngamanzi abilayo. Ngakho amadodana ayisithupha okuqala abulawa. Owesishiyagalombili kwakuyi-Achilles. Ubaba wamsindisa ekufeni okungenakuphulukiswa kwabazalwane, ngokuthatha indodana yakhe kumkakhe ngesikhathi esifanele. Emva kwalokhu, uTheti uphonsa umyeni wakhe futhi ubuyele ekugcineni kolwandle. Kodwa uyaqhubeka nokuqapha ngokucophelela ukuphila kwendodana yakhe.

Ngokwezinye izinganekwane, amaThethi anciphisa ama-Achilles amancane emanzini eSydney engcwele, egeleza embusweni weHayidese. Lokhu kwanikeza ingane ukungenakwenzeka. Isithende kuphela - indawo lapho unina ayehlala khona ngokuqinile, wahlala esengozini. Ngakho-ke inkulumo esitebeleni ethi "Achilles" isithende ", eveza umqondo wendawo ebuthakathaka yomuntu.

Ngemva kokuhamba komkakhe, uPeleus uthumela indodana yakhe encane ukuba ikhuliswe e-centaur Chiron. Uyondla ngomnyoba wezilwane kunokuba ubisi lomama. Umfana ukhula futhi aqonde ngokucophelela isayensi yokuthola izikhali. Futhi ngokusho kolunye ulwazi, kanye nobuciko bokuphulukisa.

I-Lycomede yokuvakasha

UChiron, ophakathi kwezinye izinto, naye ophethe isipho somqashi, utshela uThetis ukuthi uma indodana yakhe ihluleka ukuzibandakanya kwi-Trojan War ezayo, khona-ke ukuphila okude kuyilungele yona. Uma ehamba lapho, amaGreki ayowina, kodwa ama-Achilles azoshabalala. Lokhu kukhuthaza amaTheti ukuba athumele indodana yakhe kwesinye isiqhingi - i-Skyros, futhi ayifihle phakathi kwamadodakazi aseLynced King. Ukuphepha, u-Achilles uhlala lapho egqoke izingubo zabesifazane.

Lokhu kuziphatha kubonakala kungeyona into engavamile ku-hero, ekomele udumo olungenakufa. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ngaleso sikhathi le nsizwa yayineminyaka eyishumi nanhlanu ubudala. Lokhu, ngesikhathi esichazwe nguHomer ku-Iliad, u-Achilles waba ngumlwi onolwazi owaziwayo. Phela, ukuvinjezelwa kwedolobha elingenakunqotshwa kwahlala iminyaka engamashumi amabili. Futhi sonke lesi sikhathi amaGreki awazange ahlale angenalutho. Bahlasela amadolobha aseduze bawachitha. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, kwakungumfana osemusha. Bold, kodwa ulalela iziqondiso zikaMama wakhe.

Ukuhlangana no-Odysseus

Phakathi naleso sikhathi, uchungechunge lwezenzakalo luholela ekuqoqweni kwamasosha empini yokulwa noTroy. U-Priest Kalhant umemezela ukuthi uma indodana kaPeleus ingayihlanganyeli kulo mkhankaso, amaGreki angamahloni okuhlukunyezwa. Khona-ke abaholi base-Achaean bahlomisa u-Odysseus ngokushesha futhi bamthumelela i-Achilles esiqhingini sase-Skyros.

Ukuqaphela ukuthi ukuphikisana nezidumbu ezingenakufa nge-force force kuyinto ebiza kakhulu, izindawo zokungcebeleka ze-Odysseus kuya ngobuqili. Kubonakala sengathi ungumthengisi ohambahambayo ojwayelekile futhi engena esigodlweni samaLandi. Ukwandisa izimpahla zakhe phambi kwamadodakazi enkosi, u-Odysseus ubeka phakathi kwamagugu nezikhali ezihlotshiswe ngokucebile.

Ngesikhathi esimisiwe, abantu base-Odysseus ngemiyalo yakhe banikeza i-alamu. Wonke amantombazane agijima ngokugcwele, u-Achilles akazange alahlekelwe ikhanda lakhe. Nguye owamkhaphela. Le nsizwa yambamba isikhali sayo yagijimela izitha ezicabanga. Ehlelwa yi-Odyssey, u-Achill uyavuma ukujoyina umkhankaso wezempi futhi uthatha naye umngane othandekayo uPatroclus, owakhulisa nabo ndawonye.

Umnikelo we-Iphigenia

Futhi manje imikhumbi emikhulu yamaGreki, manje equkethe inqola yama-Myrmidon emikhumbi yempi engamashumi amahlanu eholwa u-Achilles, iya eTroy. Kuzo zonke izenzakalo ezivulekayo, izakhamuzi ezingapheli ze-Olympus zithatha ingxenye. Futhi ezinye zazo zisekela amaTrojans, kanti ezinye zihlangothini lamaGreki. Ngenxa yamasu avamile onkulunkulu abasekela abaphikisi beTroy, izimoto zesiGreki, ezingenakunyakaziswa ukungabikho kwe-tailwind, zisuka ogwini lwesiqhingi sase-Avelida.

U-Kalhant uthi omunye ukubikezela: umoya omuhle uzoshaya, kuphela uma u-Agamemnon, umholi webutho lamaGreki, owaqala umkhankaso wokulwa noTroy, udela indodakazi yakhe i-Iphigenia. Ubaba akazange abe namahloni. Wabona inkinga kuphela ekutholeni intombazane esiqhingini? Ngakho-ke, izithunywa ezithunyelwe e-Iphigenia ngesigijimi sokuthi zanikezwa abafazi baka-Achilles futhi bashade kufanele zifike e-Aulis. Incazelo ye-portrait ka-Achilles, i-hero yezinganekwane zasendulo zamaGrisi, ayishiyi engenandaba futhi intombazane ifika esiqhingini somshado. Kunalokho, uya ngqo e-altare.

Enye indaba yale ndaba ithi u-Achill ngokwakhe akawazi lutho ngalolu hlelo oluqilileyo. Futhi lapho ezwa, wagijimela ukuvikela indodakazi yenkohliso ephethe isikhali ezandleni zakhe. Kodwa izinkolelo zangasese zisitshela ukuthi indodana kaPeleus ayizange ibonise noma yimuphi umzwelo, ngoba yena ngokwakhe wayezimisele ukuhamba ngesikebhe eTroy. Futhi uma onkulunkulu befuna izisulu, ngubani ozophikisana nabo? Ngenxa yobulungiswa, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi i-Iphigenia isalondoloziwe. Yiqiniso, hhayi leli hero, kodwa unkulunkulukazi u-Arthemisi, owathatha intombazane enezinyamazane ezimbi.

Ukuhlangana nama-Amazon

Kodwa noma kunjalo, isisulu saziwa, futhi amaGreki afika ngokuphepha eTroy. Ngakho kwaqala ukuvinjezelwa isikhathi eside kwedolobha elingenakulinganiswa. Njengoba sekushiwo kakade, u-Achilles akazange ahlale phansi. Wayedumile kakade ekuqaleni kwempi, ephumelela ngemva kokunye ukunqoba okukhazimulayo emadolobheni azungezile eTroy naseziqhingini eziseduze. Ngokomlando wamaGrisi, indodana kaPriam, eyabulawa yi-Achilles ngemuva kwalokho, ayizange ihlangane ngalesi sikhathi ngumhlaseli onamandla futhi ophumelelayo. U-Achilles waqhubeka nokuqinisa amandla akhe.

Ngolunye lwezisulu ezilandelayo, u-Achilles uqhuba indlovukazi yama-Amazons Penticelia, ngaleso sikhathi ayefihla ezweni elingaphandle ngokuphindiselela kwabantu bakubo. Ngemuva komzabalazo onzima, leli qhawe libulala indlovukazi futhi, ngokushaya umkhonto ngesigqoko sokuzivikela esifihla yonke ingxenye ebusweni bayo, siphunduka kowesifazane. Ehlelwe ubuhle bayo, iqhawe lithandana naye.

Okuseduze kungomunye wamaqhawe aseGrisi - iTersit. Ngokusho izincazelo ezingenakuqhathaniswa kaHomer, isihloko esingathandeki kakhulu. Usola u-Achilles ngokufisa abafayo futhi uphoqa amehlo akhe ngomkhonto. Ngaphandle kokucabanga kabili, u-Achilles uphenduka bese ebulala uTercit ngesinye isifuba emhlathini.

Briseida noCryseida

Kwamanye umkhankaso, amaGreki athatha iBricheid, okuyinto i-Achilles igcina isancinza. Ezinganekwane kuchazwa ukuthi owesifazane osemusha akajabuli neze ngesimo sakhe. Ngokuphambene nalokho, uhlale enothando futhi enothando.

Ngalesi sikhathi u-Agamemnon naye ujabulela izithelo zokuhlasela. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, yena, njengengxenye yesidla, unikezwa nentombazane enhle okuthiwa uChriside. Kodwa uyise ufika ekamu, ecela ukumvumela ukuba athenge indodakazi yakhe. U-Agamemnon uyamhleka usulu futhi umxosha ngaphandle. Khona-ke ubaba ongenakunyakazeka wancenga usizo ku-Apollo, futhi wathumela isifo kubaGreki. Umprofethi ofanayo uKalkant uchaza imbangela yalolu daba futhi uthi intombazane kufanele ivumeleke ukuhamba. Usekelwa ngokufudumele yi-Achilles. Kodwa u-Agamemnon akafuni ukunikela. Izintshisekelo ziyafudumala phezulu.

Ukuhlukunyezwa no-Agamemnon

Ekugcineni, i-Khriseed isakhululwa. Kodwa-ke, i-Agamemnon engempindiselo, enobungozi obubi, inquma ukuphindiselela ku-Achilles. Ngakho-ke, njengenxephezelo, uthatha kuye uBriiside. Iqhawe elikhulu liyenqaba ukuqhubeka nokuhlanganyela empini. Kusukela kulo mzuzu, izenzakalo ziqala ukukhula ngokushesha, njengoba kuchazwe i-Iliad. I-duel phakathi kuka-Achilles noHector ayifinyeleleki. Njengesidumo esibuhlungu ahola ngaso.

Ukungasebenzi kwe-Achilles

AmaGreki anqotshwa ngemuva kokunqotshwa. Kodwa i-Achilles ephukile, ayikuvumeli ukukholelwa komuntu futhi iyaqhubeka ingasebenzi. Kodwa ngelinye ilanga abaphikisi beTroy baphoqa abaphikisi babo ogwini. Khona-ke, eseqaphele ukukholelwa komngane wakhe uPatroclus, u-Achill uyavuma ukuthi uzohola amaMidrons empini. UPatroclus ucela imvume ukuthatha izikhali zemngane bese ebahola. Empi elandelayo, uHector - isikhulu seThrojani, ethatha uPatroclus ezembatho ze-Achilles zeqhawe elidumile, uyambulala. Lokhu kuphazamisa i-duel phakathi kwe-Achilles noHector.

I-Duel neHector

Lapho ezwa ngokufa kukaPatroclus, u-Akhill, ophazamiseke kakhulu, uhlose ukuphindiselela ngenkani. Ugijimela empini futhi uhlwitha bonke abaqhawe abanamandla. Umlingisi we-Achilles, owanikezwe kulesi siqephu sikaHomer, uyisimo sokuphila sempi yonke. Kwakungumzuzwana wenkazimulo engenakufa, leyo ayephupha ngayo. Ngedwa, uphendulela izitha futhi azinikele emadodeni aseTroy.

Ngesibindi, amaTrojans afihle ngemuva kwezindonga eziqinile zomuzi. Konke kodwa okukodwa. U-Hector omuhle nguye kuphela okhetha ukuvuselela indodana kaPeleus. Kodwa ngisho lo mpi olwa lukhuni uyadabuka lapho esondela isitha sakhe esinamandla futhi ephendukela endizeni. U-Achilles noHector Troy bahlangene izikhathi ezintathu, ngaphambi kokuba bahlangane empini ebulalayo. Isikhulu asizange simelane futhi siwa, sihlatshwe umkhonto we-Achilles. Ukubopha isidumbu enqoleni yakhe, wadonsela isidumbu sikaHector ekamu lakhe lase-Achilles. Futhi kuphela ukuzisola kanye nokuthobeka kwangempela kobaba abangenakunyakaziswa kaHector, inkosi yasePriam eyafika ekamu lakhe elingasetshenziswanga, yanciphisa inhliziyo yomnqobi, futhi yavuma ukubuyisa umzimba. Kodwa-ke, u-Achilles wathatha isihlengo - igolide ngangokunokwenzeka njengoba uPrince Troy Hektor enzima.

Ukufa kweqhawe

U-Achilles ufa ngesikhathi sokuthunjwa kukaTroy. Futhi akukwenzi ngaphandle kokungenelela konkulunkulu. U-Apollo, ecasulwa ukungahambisani nomuntu oshona, uqondisa umcibisholo okhishwe iParis, umfowabo kaHector omncane. Umcibisholo ugwaza isithende seqhawe - iphuzu lakhe elibuthakathaka kuphela - libuye libulale. Kodwa ngisho nalapho efa, u-Achill uyaqhubeka emangaza amaTrojans amaningi. Umzimba wakhe uphuma e-Ajax empini. U-Achilles wangcwatshwa nazo zonke izihlonipho, futhi amathambo akhe aphonswa emgqeni wegolide ngamathambo kaPatroclus.