Acetaldehyde. Izakhiwo kanye ezishisayo. Ukulungiselela kanye yokusetshenziswa

Acetaldehyde (amanye amagama: metilformaldegid acetaldehyde, ethanal) - kuyinto kwakwakhe organic okuqondene ekilasini aldehydes. Le into kubalulekile ngoba abantu, butholakala ikhofi, isinkwa, izithelo ezivuthiwe nemifino. Kwemiqondo yizimila. It kwenzeka ngokwemvelo futhi ngobuningi ngumuntu. Acetaldehyde ifomula: CH3-cho.

izakhiwo

1. Acetaldehyde - uketshezi kungekho nto enemibala emihle kokuba iphunga ezingemnandi abukhali.
2. Kuyinto kalula encibilikayo elithi ether, utshwala namanzi.
3. I mass izinyo lomhlathi of 44,05 amagremu / imvukuzane.
4. konga 0.7 g / santimetr³.

izakhiwo ezishisayo

1. lokuncibilika kuyinto -123 degrees.
2. I abilayo kuyinto degrees 20.
3. Amazinga ukuthungela ilingana -39 degrees.
4. Amazinga ukuthungela kuyinto 185 degrees.

Ukulungiselela acetaldehyde

1. Uhlelo oluyisisekelo ukulungiswa yalolu ketshezi uku namachibi of ethylene (okuthiwa inqubo Wacker). Kubonakala sengathi lesi simo:
2CH2 = C2H4 (ethylene) + O2 (i-oksijini) = 2CH3CHO (metilformaldegid)

2. Futhi, acetaldehyde kungenziwa ekhiqizwa hydration we acetylene ebukhoneni mercury nosawoti (okuthiwa ukuphendula Kucherova). Lokhu kunikeza phenol elivele ke isomerized kuya aldehyde.

3. indlela elandelayo yayidumile ngaphambi kokusungulwa kwe inqubo ngenhla. Ababulawa yi namachibi noma dehydrogenation of ethanol kwi isiliva noma ithusi kulethe.

acetaldehyde Isicelo

- Udinga acetaldehyde Ukuze okuyinto izinto? Acetic acid, butadiene, aldehyde polymers, kanti ezinye nezinye izinto eziphilayo.
- esetshenziswa njengoba eyandulela (ikhemikhali uhlanganyela ukusabela okuholela ukudalwa into target) ukuze acetic acid. Nokho, kusukela sisuke sicabanga ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa ngokushesha saphela. Lokhu kwenzeke ngenxa yokuthi i-acetic acid silula futhi ashibhile ukukhiqiza kusukela METALON ngezinqubo Kativa futhi Monsanto.
- Metilformaldegid - i eyandulela kubalulekile pentaerythritol, pyridine nemikhiqizo kanye krotonaldegidu.
- Ukulungiselela of the inhlaka ngenxa yokuthi urea kanye acetaldehyde unekhono cindezela.
- Ukulungiswa ethylidene diacetate kuyiphi kamuva ukukhiqiza polyvinyl monomer (vinyl acetate).

kwencika Ugwayi acetaldehyde

Le into - ingxenye enkulu intuthu kagwayi. ukuboniswa owawuse muva nje, lapho saboniswa ukuthi ubuhlobo synergistic ka acetic acid ne-nicotine kwandisa Inkulumo sokuncika (ikakhulukazi abantu abangaphansi kweminyaka engamashumi amathathu).

Yisifo I-Alzheimer futhi acetaldehyde

Labo abantu abangenayo zofuzo isici metilformaldegida ukuguqulwa ku acetic acid, abe ingozi eliphezulu nezici ezithile ukuze izifo ezifana komqondo senile (noma i-Alzheimer), ngokuvamile kwenzeka lapho umuntu eguga.

Utshwala futhi metilformaldegid

Kucatshangwa sisuke sicabanga ayinto kuyinto ibangele umdlavuza kubantu, njengoba namhlanje, kunobufakazi acetaldehyde umdlavuza e isilwane ucwaningo ehlukahlukene. Ngaphezu kwalokho, metilformaldegid kulimaza i-DNA, kanjalo kubangela ongalingani ukuthuthukiswa esisindo kohlelo kwemisipha, okuyinto ehlangene ukuhlukumeza wamaprotheni umzimba emzimbeni. Ukutadisha 800 yotshwala yayiqhutshelwa, lapho abacwaningi baphetha ngokuthi abantu abavezwe acetaldehyde, kunesici e isakhi sofuzo ngenxa yesizathu esisodwa enzyme - utshwala dehydrogenase. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, iziguli enjalo basengozini enkulu yokuba nomdlavuza we nezinso engxenyeni engenhla isibindi.

ukuphepha

Ingqikithi kuyinto anobuthi. Kuyinto contaminant umkhathi phakathi ukubhema noma emapayipini esiminyaminyeni sezimoto.