Yenza transformer ukubala

Umklamo-transformer elula ejwayelekile. It siqukethe umongo yensimbi, ohlobo lwe ezimbili ngocingo emazombezombe. ikhoyili obizwa esiyinhloko, kwesibili - yesibili. Ukubukeka AC voltage (U1) kanye zamanje (I1) efomini ikhoyili kuqala core yawo ecucuza kazibuthe. Lwenza EMF ngqo ikhoyili yesibili, okungasekelwe enamathiselwe iketanga, futhi amandla amandla, ilingane no-zero.

Uma wesifunda kuyinto uxhumekile futhi ukusetshenziswa kwenzeka, kuholela ukwanda ezilinganiselwe yezikhwepha samanje ikhoyili kuqala. Le modeli yokuxhumana phakathi Windings uchaza inqubo ukuguqulwa kanye ukuhanjiswa energy kagesi, okuyinto likhona ekubalweni transformers. Njengoba zonke ohlobo kwekhoyili yesibili axhunyiwe e chungechunge, etholwe umphumela wokuphindelela le EMF eboniswe emaceleni zedivayisi.

Transformers ukuqoqa ukuze iconsi voltage e ikhoyili yesibili encane (2 - 5%), okuyinto eyenza ukuthatha kucatshangwa ukulingana ku imikhawulo U2 futhi EMF yayo izinkomba. Inombolo U2 kuyoba okuningi / okuncane kangaka, inkulu kangakanani umehluko phakathi isibalo ematfuba ohlobo ezimbili - n2 futhi n1.

Ubudlelwano obuphakathi inani wire izingqimba ubizwa ngokuthi isilinganiso ushintsho. Kuchazwa ngu-formula (futhi okhonjiswe incwadi K), okungukuthi: K = n1 / n2 = U1 / U2 = I2 / I1. Ngokuvamile lesi sibalo libukeka isilinganiso integers ezimbili, isibonelo 1:45, okuyinto ebonisa ukuthi inani ematfuba omunye ohlobo kancane izikhathi 45 kunalokhu inkulungwane yamarandi. Leli nani kusiza ukwenza ukubala we transformer zamanje.

cores kagesi ukukhiqiza izinhlobo ezimbili: W emise, izivikelo branched ecucuza kazibuthe zibe izingxenye ezimbili, kanye U-shape - kungekho ngokuhlukana. Ukuze kuncishiswe ukulahleka cishe induku ekhiqizwa akuyona okuqhubekayo, kodwa yakhiwa izingqimba ngabanye mncane babe babodvwana ngu ephepheni. I njalo kunazo cylindrical lwemsebenti: Uhlaka is esikhulu esiyinhloko emazombezombe, ukukhwezwa ngaphezulu iphepha amabhola, futhi phezu kwaso sonke lesi ungqimba yesibili nilimaza wire.

Ukubalwa transformer kungadala ezinye ubunzima, kodwa ukusiza amafomula lula ngezansi umklami-lover kuyofika. Oku okudingekile ukunquma amazinga voltage amabutho zamanje ngayinye ikhoyili ngamunye. amandla Kubalwa ngamunye wabo: P2 = I2 * U2; P3 = I3 * U3; P4 = I4 * U4, lapho P2, P3, P4 - amandla (W), Windings stackable; I2, I3, I4 - amandla wamanje (A); U2, U3, U4 - Voltage (V).

Ukuze sithole amandla Imininingwane (P) kulesi sibalo transformer Kufanele ufake isamba izinkomba Windings ngabanye, bese iphindwe factor 1.25, okuyinto uyakucabangela ukulahlekelwa: P = 1.25 (P2 + P3 + P4 + ...). Phela, inani P ngeke abale kwesigaba core wesi- (e cm²): Q = 1.2 * kor.kv.P

Kube sekulandela inqubo yokunquma n0 inani ematfuba ngayinye 1 volt by ifomula: n0 = 50 / Q. Ngenxa yalokho, thola inani ematfuba coil. Ngoba okokuqala, ikhumbula iconsi voltage in transformer, kuyoba ulingana: uN1 = 0.97 * n0 * U1
Kukho konke: N2 = 1.3 * n0 * U2; n2 = 1.3 * n0 * U3 ... I ububanzi iyiphi Windings umqhubi kungenziwa ibalwe ifomula: d = 0.7 * kor.kv.1 lapho mina - umfutho wamanje (A), d - ubukhulu (mm).

Ukubalwa transformer ikuvumela ukuba uthole le amperage we sheathe amandla: I1 = P / U1. It ayikaziwa usayizi namapulethi ekujuleni kwenhliziyo. Ukuze abone kudingekile ukuba abale endaweni emazombezombe kusukela ebhokisini core: Sm = 4 (D1 (q) * n1 D2 + (q) * n2 + D3 (q) * n3 + ......), kuphi Sm - endaweni (mm sikwele. ), zonke Windings ewindini; D1, D2, D3 no D4 - Ububanzi (mm); n1, n2, n3 futhi N4 - isibalo ematfuba. Ukusebenzisa le ifomula uchaza engalingani emazombezombe, bentambo ukwahlukanisa ukushuba, ingxenye elalihlala Uhlaka e mafutha anciphisa isikhala esingaphakathi ewindini core. Ngokuvumelana nenani etholwe endaweni ekhethiwe usayizi ipuleti esikhethekile ukubekwa khulula kwekhoyili ewindini yayo. Ekugcineni, kubalulekile ukwazi - ukushuba we isethi core (b), okuyinto etholakala ifomula: b = (100 * Q) / a, lapho - ububanzi ipuleti maphakathi (mm); Q - esigcawini. Bheka enzima yale nqubo, -. Ukwenza ukubala we transformer (isici ibha yokusesha nge usayizi ofanele).