Vatican: uwuhlobo oluthile lukahulumeni futhi polity

Vatican - kweyunithi ezimele EnguMbusi, okuyinto luncane yedolobha isimo emhlabeni. Futhi kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yilona lizwe ensimini ka-dolobha wase-Italy. Kwénzeka kanjani ngayo? Yini zohulumeni iyona yaseVatican?

Umlando nesenzakalo of the Vatican

Ngisho nangekhulu VIII elibusayo Frankish Korol Pipin prepodnos njengesipho uPapa yamazwe wamaRoma. Ngemva kwalokho, ngo-1870, amabutho Italian matasa eRoma, bephika igunya Upapa sika. Eqonda ngqo Uhulumeni kanye Holy See yathatha cishe engu-60 edlule. Futhi laphela ekugcineni ukungena Lateran Pacts. Wabanikeza seVatican yobukhosi isinxephezelo zezimali zonyaka Italy.

Vatican City ezikhangayo

Ukukhangana main, ephoqa ukuza lapha izixuku zezivakashi, Yiqiniso, Cathedral of St Peter. Lena indawo eyingqayizivele. Ukwakhiwa kanye umhlobiso wathatha ahlukane abakhi omkhulu kunayo yonke futhi abaculi ezifana kukuyo noMichelangelo.

Ukuze oluyimfihlakalo Vatican City ezikhangayo zihlanganisa Apostolic Library. Kuthathwa evulekile, kodwa ukufinyelela kuyo kukhawulwe izimali ukuze ukudalulwa zonke izimfihlo kungathatha engaphezu kweyikhulu. Nazi izimpendulo zemibuzo eminingi zomlando. Ngokwesibonelo, umbhalo wesandla ngu uLeonardo da Vinci, okuyinto ke zigcinwa, kungenzeka ukuthi abeke isithunzi isithunzi isonto. Ngokusho amahlebezi, ikhophi ezifihliwe umsebenzi we obuyimfihlo odumile Cagliostro egumbini elingaphansi umtapo, ngosizo okuyinto ungathola kwentsha.

indawo esimweni

endaweni Vatican ihlanganisa ingqikithi 44 amahektha. Kodwa naphezu ubukhulu, lapha ke has inkonzo yayo leposi, isiteshi somsakazo, ujantshi kanye amabutho ahlomile. Yisizalwane kulelizwe akulula. Ubuzwe aluphumeleli libe yifa lenu, futhi wakhipha ngesisekelo service kuya Holy See. Ukuphila lapha wabe ngempela ngomoya ophansi. Kodwa njengoba isimo sincane kakhulu, inani ubugebengu, ngokusho izibalo, izikhathi eziningana ephakeme kunaleyo e-Italy.

Vatican: Managing

Isimo sinezici ayo kwamandla: ifulege futhi liculo. Ifulege yakhiwa imivimbo yellow nomhlophe kuso ukuboniswa ijazi Vatican izikhali. I National Anthem ihlukaniswe yaba izingxenye ezimbili. Okokuqala sung ngesiLatini, kanti eyesibili - in Italian. Ngaphezu amaphoyisa, kukhona ekhethekile Swiss Guard. It ikhona ukuvikela Upapa kusuka 1506. Kuyaphawuleka amanye amaqiniso athakazelisayo mayelana ngale sevisi:

1. Nonogada amasudi ithungwe ku imidwebo ngo-Raphael. Hat kuyinto Beret abamnyama, okuyinto bathandile ukuyichazela yena umculi.
2. Ngezinye inkonzo intsha ezikhethiwe kusuka iminyaka engu-18 kuya ku-25. Sinenkosi ukuba abe Catholic izakhamuzi Swiss.
3. Onogada awavunyelwe ukugqoka ngesilevu noma amadevu. Futhi ukushada angabuza, kube nesisombululo ekhethekile.
4. Isevisi ihlala iminyaka engu-2, kodwa kungenziwa enwetshiwe iminyaka engu-25.
5. Umholo akuyona intela. Kuncike izindlu mahhala futhi umhlalaphansi okwalandela.
6. Swiss Guard akuthathi ezimpini. Wenza okuhlukile ubhekwa insindiso uPapa uClement VII njengombusi e-1527, lapho 147 onogada abulawa.

Vatican: uwuhlobo oluthile lukahulumeni

Ngokuphathelene kudivayisi lelitimele, kulokhu, kukhona ukungezwani okuthile zomthetho. Kukholakala ukuthi ukuma uhulumeni Vatican State - eliphelele ohlanga engokwasezulwini. Izici zayo ezivelele kukhona izici ezilandelayo:

• I lokuhlushwa wonke amagatsha amandla ezandleni efanayo.
• Amandla luthathwe.
• Monarch ngeke ube nesibopho njengoba enjalo.
• Ithemu ukhetho yenkosi - azifani.

Ngakho lokho uhlobo uhulumeni yaseVatican? Kuyaziwa ukuthi unakho uMthetho-sisekelo wayo, esakhiwa izenzo ayisithupha. UMthetho Basic alisho lutho ngokugujwa kosuku yokuthi Pope - kwenkosi esihlalweni sobukhosi. Isigaba 1 lithi is Lord of edolobheni-isimo i-Vatican City ne-Supreme Upapa. Ezandleni zakhe, ngokugxila zonke ezintathu amagatsha kahulumeni. Nokho, amandla okushaya imithetho bathunyelwe Pontifical Commission, ogama Ukwakheka Kumiswa yiNkosi iminyaka engu-5. Usihlalo wayo usebenzisa amandla esiphezulu ku isimo.

Ezimweni ezithile, uNobhala Jikelele bangase babe namandla esiphezulu. Igatsha sokwahlulela siwukubuthela ngokuphelele ezandleni uPapa egameni okuyinto izidumbu abafanele ayakuma. Ukuthi bathathe izinqumo egameni Nkosi, ngubani owakholwa ilungelo lokunika ushwele uxolele uxolele noma ukudedela esijezisweni.

The enhle kakhudlwana yaseVatican? Ifomu uhulumeni wayeyobekwa ukudala isibonelo umthetho, uma hhayi yokuthi uPapa wedwa umisa abantu obanike amandla ayo. Ngakho-ke, kuyavumelana ngokuphelele nalo definition yokubusa kwamakhosi iyonke. Ngokuphathelene ifa kwamandla, uMthethosisekelo akusho lokulawula ukhetho ekuhlaleni kwenkosi esihlalweni sobukhosi. Ihlala emthethweni ezisohlwini lwezincwadi zeBhayibheli, okuyinto ethatha ukuziqhenya indawo isigaba sabefundisi yemithetho State of Vatican City. Ifomu kahulumeni, njengoba sibona, ulungisiswa hhayi kuphela izenzo eyakhelwe ngaphezu komthethosisekelo.

Conclave (College of Cardinals) ikhetha ngasese ikhanda, okuyinto indlela non-bendabuko ngoba amakhosi ohlanga. Ngokuvamile, inikeza ukudla lwendaba. Le ndlela ukukhethwa elihlobene ne isizinda esingokomlando - UPapa Gregory VII waqeda isikhungo yefa, okuyinto ngenxa ukwenqena yeSonto ngokulahlekelwa umcebo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ubudlelwane nowesifazane bezilokhu akubhekwa njengesono, ngakho amandla Devolution yayingasekho nhlobo indlela yokubaleka ngoba Upapa.

Vatican: uwuhlobo oluthile lukahulumeni futhi polity

Lesi simo encane ilawulwa Holy See futhi i ohlanga ngokuphelele. Pope kuyinto lelitimele futhi ukhethe Cardinals ukuphila. igunya Executive iyona UNobhala woMbuso, zokuphatha - umbusi aqokwe Pontifical Commission. Ngokomthetho, iVatican has isimo insimu inkosi le Holy See. The main umzimba zokuphatha - LamaRoma Curia.

Independent nokuba imibono yabo edolobheni-state - iVatican. Ifomu uhulumeni - omunye endala kakhulu emhlabeni. Ake akusiyo umkhakha futhi akanayo ezolimo yayo, kodwa ukuthuthukiswa yesimilo netembusave, idlala indima ebalulekile.