Uyini negekle? izinhlobo clarinets

Wonke umuntu patter ajwayelekile ngendlela Carl Clara weba kwamakhorali noClara Carl weba negekle. Njengoba kwamakhorali ngokuvamile ngandlela-thile kuyaqondakala, kodwa yilokho okwenzekile negekle, lidlulisela umqondo neze. Kuyadingeka ukuba afeze ucwaningo futhi uhambo emlandweni indalo, ubude kanye nencazelo yalesi ithuluzi ezithakazelisayo zomculo.

Ngokubukeka, kuba ipayipi noma ipayipi, othiwa negekle. Nokho, yeka negekle? Lokhu umoya zomculo insimbi umsindo ongajwayelekile. Kodwa lavelaphi futhi owayekwazi ukudala Kulokhu? Ukuze siphendule lo mbuzo, kumelwe ukuhamba emuva ngesikhathi kancane.

Umlando negekle

Umsuka walo negekle kuthatha ekupheleni XVII - ekuqaleni XVIII leminyaka. Leli thuluzi isebenza kanzima eNuremberg zomculo umculi Johann Christoph Denner. Eqinisweni, inkosi bazama ukuthuthukisa Umklamo Chalumeau (umtshingo). Ngo 1701, ngesikhathi Chalumeau entsha ebonakala insimbi. Ngaphandle, izisekelo entsha owawufana ipayipi esicacile. By the way, umsindo yayifana kakhulu ithuluzi, okuyinto lisuselwa elithi Latin clarus - «ecacile». Kuba sobala ukuthi kuyinto ehluke ngokuphelele, insimbi zomculo ezintsha. Ngalezi izinhlobo ithuluzi yinqaba ngokuthi clarinetto. Leli yigama isiNtaliyane, okusho "kancane clarino». Musical instrument yase yaziwa ngokuthi "ipayipi elincane", futhi igama "negekle" - nesinciphiso we esicacile.

Lapho nje negekle akuyona phelelisa! Indawo ekhethekile Ngithanda ukuthatha uJakobe Denner, sibonga imizamo yakhe, negekle kwaba ifakwe kwenye valve. Lokhu akukhona konke wenza uJakobe Denner.

ezimbili umphini kuphela? Cha, lokhu kwakungesona isiphelo yokuthuthukisa negekle. Ukuthuthukiswa Inspired, abaculi abanamakhono inesifiso ushintsho ngaphezulu emhlabeni wonke, futhi uvele valve ngaphezulu. Kuphela 1790 sebevele zinyanga eziyisithupha valve Clarinet. Ngalesi highbrow amadoda banquma ukuyeka isikhathi. Kodwa ekhulwini XIX kuya negekle ingashintshwa ukuthi kusetshenziswe kuphela ngomtshingo - wuhlelo indandatho valve.

Uma uhlu bonke ababenezifo isandla kule insimbi yomculo emangalisayo, e abantu owaziwa izofakwa ohlwini. Phakathi kwabo kukhona ezifana emiqondweni ekhaliphile njengoba uBerthold Fritz, Ezhen Albera, Xavier Lefebvre, uKarl Berman ngisho Adolf Saks.

Ngokusekelwe idatha zomlando, kungenzeka ukunikeza impendulo ecacile umbuzo uyini negekle. Lena umtshingo eziphambili ubudala isiFulentshi, okuyinto cishe 20 valve iziphethu, eziningi ngezikulufo, izimbazo ngisho izinduku. Kodwa ukuvela negekle uyaqhubeka kuze kube yilolu suku.

Ohlukile leli thuluzi abonakalayo nganoma nje uma eyovula icala naye, futhi ngalesi sikhathi kufanele shí anatomy yalesi wobuciko.

isetshenziswa

Kuyini lokhu? Ngokubukeka isetshenziswa libukeka uqhwaku senyoni. iyunithi wakhe kudingeka siyinake ngokukhethekile, ngoba lesi sici e umsindo insimbi kudlala indima ebalulekile. It is eguqa noma ikhefu. Isetshenziswa esithathwayo emlonyeni ukuze sokunika ngayo emoyeni. Futhi lokhu umsindo kuthinta yonke into:

• ibanga kusuka sokudlondlobala die kuya ekupheleni umoba;
• sekhefu, noma kunalokho, ubude balo;
• engela isetshenziswa ezintweni ezingafanele.

Kodwa hhayi kuphela isetshenziswa enamathiselwe insimbi umsindo.

emgqonyeni

Uma ubheka i-negekle, nawu umbuzo: yini kulo umgqomo kancane? Lokhu cask unesibopho ukulungisa we negekle. Siyabonga kuye, ukushintsha ukusebenza insimbi. Izinguquko zenzeka ukuze ithoni ikota. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ngaphambi umdlalo kancane enwetshiwe noma, Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kwaphoqa emgqonyeni izindlu. It akukho valve, kodwa igama samanje umenzi, okuyinto ngokungangabazeki kwenza ithuluzi nenhle kakhulu futhi ihehe.

umhlanga

Le ngxenye ithuluzi ubizwa nangokuthi ulimi - mncane ipuleti ewumngcingo, oveza umsindo. Le ngxenye negekle wenziwe sasemhlangeni, kodvwa kungabi kungabonwa yiwo wonke emfuleni noma echibini, futhi kusukela ekhethekile. Ngeshwa, noma uhamba ngokushesha zingagugi. Ngemva fibre imihlanga - akuyona oki. Uma nsuku zonke ngehora 1 kuphela ukudlala umculo, emasontweni 3 kuyoba nesidingo sokuba izindondolo entsha. Kunamandla ukugeleza komoya kushaywa, ngokushesha lo bafake.

umlenze phansi

Ingxenye enkulu yomthetho we negekle angabhekwa kwedolo aphansi. Ohlangothini lwesokunene kukhona valve okuyinto zenziwa metal. Kukhona kukakhokho indandatho, okuyinto ingatholakala ngezansi. Lapha emhlabathini kwedolo iyona jumper ukuxhuma kwedolo yasenhla nemithombo yasenzansi.

Kwedolo engenhla

Same Kinda into. Ngokungafani manifolds ephansi, ama-valve ahlelwe ku okuphambene, ohlangothini kwesokunxele. Upper ngezansi kwedolo aphansi. Kodwa lokhu umehluko akugcini lapho. Uma ephansi omunye amadolo kukakhokho kwakwakhe, kunezinhlobo ezimbili. Babizwa ngokuthi bangabantu njengawo isidalwa esiphilayo - imisipha.

Ukuze amahle Ihubo iminwe ngokushesha noma kancane iwe, ukuvala, futhi kuyanda, izimbobo ngokuvulela ukuthi zitholakala insimbi icala zomculo.

By endleleni, uma sikhuluma izimbobo ke ngakwesokudla singabona eziyisithupha zabo, ngemuva ungabona ngokucacile omunye. Ubude eziyisikhombisa. Kodwa kukhona okuningi. Ukuze izimbobo asele usebenzisa valve. Lena indlela valve esimele isibopho phakathi ngezikulufo, enama-asi, kanye nezinye izingxenye ithuluzi. Lokhu uhlelo ngempela eziyinkimbinkimbi, futhi ukuqonda ukuthi kunzima kakhulu.

insimbi

, Kwasuka has simise uphondo noma insimbi. Lapho ukudlala negekle, icishe ifane icilongo kuka umtshingo. Kusukela eziningi zethusi negekle beshesha kakhudlwana, kodwa namanje wawungaphansi umtshingo. Nakuba, efana umtshingo, negekle Head ilungelo phansi izisekelo.

UJakobe Denner kahle ezahlanganyela kulo okusunguliwe, ngoba insimbi unika ukucacisa kakhudlwana. Ikakhulukazi okuphawuleka inothi negekle umsindo mi enothini encane. Kodwa lena inothi ephansi! It kwenza kube nokwenzeka kuphela ngokusebenzisa uphondo. Nakuba virtuoso negekle namathuluzi, kodwa swiftness futhi ukudlala umtshingo kancane ngezansi. Nokho, uma udlala negekle, izingoma ziqondakala licace nezithombe avele sobala.

Umsindo negekle

Uma ehholo Ezwa negekle, umculo ithatha e amabanga yokuthi okuhlangenwe nakho ngeke kukhohlakale. Ngicabanga angenza noma yini, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kuzwakala bebodwa noma Ngohlelo. Leli thuluzi lokhuni obuhle futhi ezinkulu idala into eyimfihlo, amnyama, njenge-inkungu obukhulu asengozini. Futhi lapha kokukhathazeka inhliziyo iqala ukushaya. Kusukela okubi ukukhala shrill kwaleli thuluzi, ungakwazi sifinyelele indawo futhi ujabulele imizwelo ehlukahlukene umculi ngocansi. Ukuba amazwi ezahlukene, negekle nje ngomlingo adlulisa izwi lomuntu, ngisho uhleko evelele, kubonakala sengathi othile ukukhuluma nawe, ikhononda, noma ukukhala, nokujabula, nokububula. Futhi lokho ubuhle sehlukaniswe amarejista eziningana. Futhi wonke umuntu irejista izwi. I soft sindiso flying, inkulumo ethi elikhazimulayo. Yini kuphela akanamandla negekle! Lokhu cishe inaudibly ukucula, ukukhanya njengoba umoya ohelezayo, uqine namanzi umsindo ezimibalabala. Futhi konke lokhu - negekle. Izithombe leli thuluzi akakwazi ukudlulisela konke umusa, yena uyakwazi.

Indlela negekle emculweni

Singasho kugcwale umlomo ukuthi manje negekle emculweni esisemqoka. Okokuqala, negekle njengoba zomculo wezinsimbi baphathwe izinsolo futhi uvalo. Kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, uzwela kwakhula. Futhi negekle waqala ukuloba imisebenzi eminingi, okuyinto wanikeza ukuphefumula fresh and Umbala engavamile. Ngo phakathi negekle XVIII leminyaka kwakuzwakala ezifanele kakhulu ekwayeni, lapho Bahlabelela impi iculo futhi udlale umculo ezifanele. A umqambi Italian efudumele Gregorio Shiroli e 1770 wabhala sonata ngempela lovely leli thuluzi ezithakazelisayo. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart kanye uHaydn - yilokho owasiza negekle ngokuqinile hlala hhayi ngcolile khundla njengoba ithuluzi agcwele ekhaliphile.

Mozart wanquma hambisa ngokugqamile lapho nesibindi ukusebenzisa negekle umsebenzi wesonto. Wabuye wabhala omunye the best in the repertoire kwaleli thuluzi eliyingqayizivele, futhi umlando wayo kukhombisa - kungcono Concerto ngoba Clarinet futhi Orchestra. Futhi ekwindla ePrague umsebenzi kwaba impumelelo enkulu.

Kwathi ekupheleni ngo-1791. Ngokushesha negekle zabonakala kakhudlwana futhi amehlo bayanda abaqambi. Lapho nje kuphela umsindo yayo: Wagner, Beethoven, Weber, Mendelssohn, Schubert, Tchaikovsky, Berlioz, nezinye bomculo eziningi akaphunyuki ukunaka kwakhe negekle. Liszt e izinkondlo zakhe Symphonic wasebenzisa insimbi omnandi zomculo. Omunye uthola umbono wokuthi negekle - ithuluzi ngaphandle kulo abanakukwazi ukwenza, uma ufuna ukuveza ukugcwala futhi ukukhanya imizwa yabo umculo.

Ngo Myunhene Karl Maria von Weber nesibindi ukusebenzisa negekle njengoba insimbi uwedwa. Lokhu kwenzeka ngo-March 1811. Impumelelo kwaba kuzenzakalele. Eshukunyiswe lokhu impumelelo, Weber ngokushesha ngawo lowo nyaka, wabhala ezinye ezimbili ngaphezulu negekle Concerto. Manje band zethusi ngeke uzokhanya ngakho kanye namanzi ngaphandle clarinets.

Umculo Ukudalwa izinhlobo clarinets

Njengoba imisebenzi kulotshelwe negekle? Njengazo zonke ezinye zomculo ngosizo umculo, yebo, ugqozi. Ngo isihluthulelo Fa umculo ngoba negekle kungukuthi ebhaliwe. Futhi kulotshiwe ayisihluthulelo Sol. Kuphela ngale ndlela, futhi ngeke kube kungenjalo. Phela, siye sazama ngenye indlela. Thola amahloni ambalwa. Uma uqaqe nemisindo ngenhla phakathi enothini lwesithathu, umsindo ngaphezulu ivame phezulu, le nzima kuba libukhali nokuzwa. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi upiyano ingaba yinto enhle hhayi okumsulwa ngempela umsindo esiteji e G Cijela futhi izigaba phakathi. Kodwa lapho umculo kwe-orchestra ungaphakathi Forte, isilaleli akusho ukuqaphela lokhu. yokuhlala unomphela ngo-orchestra wathola esiteji ezifana e B-flat, nokuba bonke abanye enothini lesine. Kuye ngalokho kuyadingeka umsindo esetshenziswa negekle e A, B, C, e Es. Mancane amathuba okuthi ukusebenzisa contrabass negekle futhi Basset.

Ngakho uyini negekle? Lena esimangazayo ukulalela okuhlangenwe nakho umculo umuzwa ezindizayo nenjabulo emva ekhonsathini.