Uyini lithosphere?

Core, isiphuku futhi uqweqwe - iyona yangaphakathi isakhiwo Zomhlaba. Uyini lithosphere? Lokho okubizwa ngokuthi i yangaphandle wezinto igobolondo eliqinile kule planethi yethu. Lokhu kuhlanganisa wonke kuqweqwe isiphuku engenhla.

Injalo elula le lithosphere ungqimba phezulu Earth, ehlanganisa izingqimba ezintathu. Ezweni yesayensi akukho definition eyodwa nomqondo lo igobolondo kwamaplanethi. Futhi ngezithako zawo impikiswano eside kakhulu uqhubeke. Kodwa kubikwa ukuthi Kusengenzeka ukwenza umqondo oluyisisekelo lokho lithosphere.

Isakhiwo, ukwakheka kanye imingcele

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi lithosphere kuhlanganisa ngokuphelele konke komhlaba kanye ungqimba engenhla kuye isiphuku sakhe sokuthunjwa, endaweni okulingana isisindo lubonakaliswa kuphela amaphesenti omunye mass isiyonke kule planethi yethu. Nakuba igobolondo has nomqulu omncane, ucwaningo enemininingwane kuye kwabangela imibuzo eminingi, ukungacabangi nje kuphela ngalokho le lithosphere, kodwa futhi impahla kwakhiwa kusukela kulo, isimo zezitho ezihlukeneko.

Ingxenye esemqoka igobolondo bakha edwaleni, lapho emngceleni nge isiphuku abe ukungaguquguquki plastic. Ngo ukwakheka uqweqwe isehlane platform ozinzile futhi endaweni ukusonga.

I uqweqwe has a ukushuba ezahlukene, futhi kungaba isukela amakhilomitha 25 200. Ekujuleni kolwandle kuba ohlabayo - kusuka 5 kuze kube amakhilomitha angu-100. Lithosphere Zomhlaba kungagcini ngamanye ulwelwesi: hydrosphere (aqueous) futhi emkhathini (emoyeni).

Ungqimba olungaphandle lomhlaba yakhiwa izingqimba ezintathu:

• sedimentary;
• egwadle;
• -basalt.

Ngakho, uma sibheka lokho umongo lithosphere, ke lizofana ikhekhe ungqimba. isisekelo salo basalt, futhi phezu kwalo embozwe ungqimba inzika. Phakathi kwabo, njengoba ukugcwaliswa kuba egwadle.

Amazwekazi ungqimba sedimentary kwakhiwa ngenxa ekubhujisweni ukuguqulwa egwadle futhi basalt amatshe. OBC yokuvikela ngocwazi like ezakhiwe ekuqongeleleni okufakiwe imifula amazwekazi amatshe sedimentary.

ungqimba Granite siqukethe amatshe metamorphic futhi igneous. Emazwekazini, yena ithatha isikhundla Lesisemkhatsini phakathi kwezinye izingqimba, futhi ekujuleni kolwandle engekho nhlobo. Kukholakala ukuthi "inhliziyo" we planethi-basalt, eyakhiwa amatshe igneous.

I uqweqwe akuyona dwala, liphethe amabhlogo elihlukile okuthiwa amapuleti lithospheric ukuthi ziyahamba njalo. Babonakala ukuntanta phezu asthenosphere plastic.

Izinkinga ezithinta imvelo we lithosphere

Phakathi ukhona, abantu emsebenzini kwezomnotho njalo wasebenzisa izingxenye lithosphere. uqweqwe Zomhlaba linakho konke izidubedube, iziphi kabanzi esetshenziswa abantu, isizinda sabo kusukela amathumbu njalo ziyanda.

Inani Mkhulu inhlabathi - ekulondolozweni ungqimba evundile lithosphere manje omunye kakhulu izinkinga esiphuthumayo ezidinga izixazululo ngokushesha.

Ezinye izinqubo ezenzeka ngaphakathi kwemingcele igobolondo, isibonelo, ukuguguleka komhlabathi, izikhukhula zeqhwa ezintabeni ze, udaka, kungadalwa umsebenzi yabantu futhi ziyingozi. Abenzi kuphela kuthinte kumiswa izimo emvelweni ezindaweni ezithile, kodwa futhi kungaholela izinhlekelele endaweni ezungezile embulungeni yonke.