Izilwane nezitshalo River Yenisei: incazelo, uhlu, isithombe

Omunye emifuleni enkulu yezwe lethu kugeleza emaqeleni namahlathi, yonkana emathafeni futhi izintaba, kusukela zindawo eningizimu e-Arctic Ocean - 3.487 amakhilomitha, phakathi kwesikhathi lapho sizoba ukulandela, lokho izilwane kanye nezitshalo usenze Yenisei River ogwini.

geography

Jonas (Evenki - "amanzi enkulu") okuthiwa sekusondele Russian nowokuzalwa ulimi izwi. Lonke yeSiberia kusukela phezulu kuya phansi phezu spikes we Yenisei, kusukela Sayan Izintaba isuka kuleli chibi Kara-Balyk, iyavuleka nemingenela, ukugqekeza ukucindezeleka zaseTuva futhi amapayipi amanzi amaningi ephuma enamandla kakade, nokuqeda komhosha. West Sayan Yenisei eweni ushiye igebe encane phakathi amawa, kodwa emfuleni waphula.

Ngesikhathi okukhiphayo zabantu sakha edamini we Sayano-Shushenskaya amandla kagesi isitshalo, ngakho embundwini Big ukuthi rustled efana isitimela esasibalekile, Dzhoysky embundwini futhi Rock Tavern samanje kuphela izithombe zakudala. Manje lapha kukhona ichibi nge bay ezakhiwe confluence ukusakaza entabeni nemifula. Zonke Yenisei ihlukaniswe kalula zibe izingxenye ezintathu - Haute, Ephakathi futhi Lower. Umbhede emthonjeni ukuze kwesigubhu - phezulu, bese kusuka kwesigubhu ukuba siwaqonde kangcono - ingxenye maphakathi, futhi ingxenye yazo ephansi Yenissei, ngemva ukuhlanganisa lendlu yebhanoyi ukufinyelela ezimbili futhi ububanzi kwesigamu amakhilomitha.

ehlathini

Izilwane kanye nezitshalo Yenisei emfuleni Ziningi futhi zihlukahlukene, njengoba lezi zindawo agodliwe - ehlathini ejwayelekile. Esikhathini esigodini somfula emahlathini ikakhulukazi coniferous - sonwele umsedari, uphayini. On the Central laseSiberia Plateau izimila eyinqaba njengoba kakhulu ekushintsheni eziphakeme zone. Ukuqina larch kanye pine emahlathini amabhande engezansi esikhundleni a fir kwaphela ngaphezulu nemisedari-fir.

On isigamu entabeni ikhilomitha temabhodlela okubeka obala entabeni emathafeni futhi Ezimfundeni eziphakeme. Izilwane nezitshalo River Yenisei uzizwe kulezi zindawo ngokukhululekile, ngoba kukhona ngokuvamile kakhulu igodla: Central eSiberia, Krasnoyarsk izinsika, Sayano-Shushenskaya ke Putoransky, Taimyr, Tunguska, Omkhulu Arctic zokulondolozwa "Shushensky Bor" futhi "Ergaki" ezintathu goszakaznika yombuso kanye 27 - the Krasnoyarsk Territory.

"Amakholomu"

Emngceleni ne Central laseSiberia Plateau iqhubezela enyakatho-ntshonalanga Eastern Sayan ingenye enhle kunazo nemvelo reserves zomhlaba - "izingongolo", eyasungulwa ngo-1925. endaweni yayo - amahektha acishe abe yizinkulungwane 50. Izilwane nezitshalo River Yenisei le izoni abahlala ezabelweni. Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-750 zezitshalo semithambo kanye 260 - wona. Leli hlathi linobukhulu obuphindwe fir owakhiwe 290 kuphela zezilwane yezilwane ezinomgogodla: squirrel, Chipmunk, Sable, vole obomvu-wasekela, Fritillaria, must inyamazane nabanye.

Nokho, le zilwane ihlathi-asemaqeleni futhi isethi iqukethe: asemaqeleni polecat, Roe izinyamazane, squirrel tailed, njll Russian Red Data Book lalezi zimbali ezikhula lapha ahlelwe .. Pinnate feather utshani, orchid shlemonosny, onion calypso - imbali enhle kakhulu, izicathulo Grandiflora nezamanje - okwengeziwe orchid amahle bomkhaya. Izilwane nezinyoni ezisohlwini Red Book of Russia, kukhona okuningi: i-golden eagle, peregrine uheshe, nengqungqulu, saker uheshe nabanye.

Arctic

Lokhu wokugodla esikhulu kakhulu, akulona ize ibizwa ngokuthi - Big Arctic, i-Eurasia yayigcwele ngobukhulu. Futhi emfuleni Yenisei - central okuyingxenye. Lapha, ingxenye enkulu ukuvikela izinyoni ezifudukayo ukuthi esidlekeni endaweni (ezihlukahlukene zibuthana, Brant ihansi, goose (izinhlobo ezine), ahlanzekile agcwele izinhlanzi namahansi, ezine zama-amadada kanye nabanye abaningi). Iphinde waphawula izilwane eziningi nezitshalo Yenisei River, okuyinto zivikelwe isimo.

162 zezitshalo ephakeme kusuka imindeni 28: okusanhlamvu, clove, iklabishi, sedge, saxifrage. enhle kakhulu umcamelo-poppy. futhi ikhula 70 zezintaka ulele futhi 15 - amakhowe. Esiqiwini siphile 16 zezilwane ezincelisayo - izimpungushe, izimpisi, izimpungushe, wolverines, lemmings, must izinkabi, caribou namabhere, kanye ngesikhathi confluence le Yenisei oLwandle Kara kukhona imikhomo, walruses nezinye izilwane zasemanzini.

Sayan

Biosphere Reserve, ise-Western Sayan Krasnoyarsk Territory - the Sayano-Shushenskaya. Lapha aqaphe eyigugu kakhulu noboya isilwane - the Sable kanye watadisha yezimila nezilwane ezihlukahlukene we Sayano-Shushenskoye kwesigubhu. ocebile kakhulu Yenisei River - River eSiberia idume, eyaziwa ngokuthi "Baba" kuJehova ngoba kusukela Yenisei lasendulo ekhulwini kwaba umondli wabo bonke abantu abaphilayo ku Ugu: kokubili inhlanzi nenyama, namantongomane, futhi izithelo kanye amakhowe - konke aphathe, zonke okuphakelayo kwekhasi.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ngo-kwesigubhu kuyinto nezilwane ziyahlukahluka kakhulu: ngamanzi abandayo abalandeli zinyamalele - Grayling esihle, Sipho, taimen, kodwa izinhlobo ezintsha zezinto eziphilayo uvele okulula: carp, Pike, bream, roach, perch nabanye. Esiqiwini has a Museum of Nature, ngubani ngokuzithandela wavakashela yizivakashi babo bonke ubudala ku ukuvakasha. Yiziphi izitshalo nezilwane lomfula Yenisei grade 4 Krasnoyarsk izikole Territory ungafunda ongaboni.

ithafa Putorana

Ohlukile Putorana Reserve - indawo yayo - lapha uya Yenisei umngcele zoogeographic, ngakho kukhona ezihlukahlukene anda zinhlobo: izitshalo nezilwane lomfula Yenisei uhlu yezimila nezilwane ezihlukahlukene yeSiberia ahlanganiswe kakhulu. Esiqiwini siphile 36 kwezinhlobo zezinhlanzi, izilwane eziphila emanzini nasezweni, 184 zezinyoni, 34 zezilwane ezincelisayo, izinhlobo kanye nohlu izitshalo ephakeme kuphela kuhlanganisa 400 zilwane.

Izitshalo nezilwane Yenisei River Ibanga 4 ngeke nentshisekelo nakakhulu kunenani zezifundo, ngoba lapha zivikelwe ezifana zezinyoni ezingavamile njengezimvu bighorn, ukhozi elimhlophe-tailed, merlin, dada encane, ukhozi, nengqungqulu nabanye abaningi. Kukhona amabhere, izimpisi, izimpungushe kanye ama-lynx, Sable, uchakide eSiberia futhi Wolverine. Plant lapha kukhona cishe 400 zinhlobo, phakathi kwabo ezifana ezingavamile njengoba Rhodiola rosea, slipper nezimanakanaka (futhi orchid laseSiberia), Asian imbulunga imbali, ezihlukahlukene poppy, marigold - konke musa uhlu.

Isigodi Yenisei

Yiziphi izitshalo nezilwane ezitholakala esiqiwini Yenisei River Tsentralnosibirsky, ungabona ohlwini:

• Angaphezu kuka-650 zezitshalo ephakeme;
• eziyisikhombisa izinhlobo AmaConifers;
• 35 zezintaka horsetails, Izinhlobo kanye moss;
• Bangaphezu kuka-150 zama-wona;
• 223 zinhlobo ulele;
• 45 zezilwane ezincelisayo;
• 274 zezinyoni;
• ezine zilwane ezihuquzelayo nezilwane eziphila ezweni;
• 35 kwezinhlobo zezinhlanzi;
• Angaphezu kuka-700 zama-izinambuzane;
• ezingaphezu kuka-420 zama-izicabucabu.

Lokhu reserve ihlanganisa kokubili loMfula Yenisei e ingxenye yazo ephakathi nendawo.

Shushenskoe

On ibhange kwesokudla eMfuleni Yenisei iyona National Park ngokuthi "Shushensky Bor". Bor - ubuye ihlathi, uphayini kuphela bukhule ikakhulukazi on nenhlabathi sandy. Lapha ihlathi elimila zesihlabathi - a amahlathi ibhande kwesokunxele kithi isikhathi eside kakhulu, ngemva kokuphela Ice Age. ihlathi Relict uhlale zinothile futhi emuhle. Kungani ngizizwe ngikhululekile lapha, kanti nezitshalo nezilwane River Yenisei? Impendulo ilula: ukulondoloza, lutho ongabhubhisa. unogada kuphela!

izilwane eziningi ophilayo lapha: 254 kuphela zinhlobo yezilwane ezinomgogodla eliwumhlaba, ezihlanganisa nezingu-45 zezilwane ezincelisayo eziningi, ezingaphezu kuka-200 zezinyoni, zinhlobo ezinhlanu zezilwane ezihuquzelayo, ezine - izilwane zasemhlabeni. Ngaphezu kwakho konke, kukhona onogwaja, izingwejeje, amabhere, impungushe, Sable, izinyamazane obomvu, Roe izinyamazane, kancane kancane ezivamile must izinyamazane, amaphiva, izingulube zasendle. Bahlala lapha ezimpisini, ama-lynx, futhi Wolverine, futhi Ermine, uchakide laseSiberia, asemaqeleni polecat, Otter, mink. Londoloza nemvelo ukwehlukana kwayo ocebile - kuyinto umsebenzi oyinhloko futhi udaba esiyinhloko esiqiwini. Izimila nezilwane esisempumalanga yoMfula Yenisei akufanele bafe ngenxa nezinzuzo zemvelo noma ukuhaha kwabantu ukuzingela.

Ergaki

Lokhu reserve imvelo loMfula i-Yenisei bukhoma, kanye-lynx yase-(baningi), izimbila wolverines, izimpungushe nezimpisi engumakhelwane. Kukhona ngempela sables eziningi. Kwezinye izindawo, ke okwalapha ngizoqothulwa cishe ngokuphelele ngaphambi kokuba kubumbeke zibe sebuthweni lezokuvikela. Lokhu reserve ungulates eziningi: i-moose, ehlathini reindeer, must izinyamazane. Baningi izinyoni! Kukhona luyingxenye zinhlobo ehlathini futhi izinhlobo eziningi amanzi izinyoni, abanye ivelakancane - dada whooper, ehlathini Bean Goose, isibonelo.

On the amabhange emaweni we Yenisei, ungabona izidleke elimhlophe-tailed ukhozi. Futhi Izinyoni ezidla inyama ethulwa oklebe, amanqe hobby. Futhi kule Yenisei kulezi zindawo kuyagcinwa izinhlanzi ezisengcupheni eNcwadini Red - Sturgeon eSiberia futhi Sturgeon. Found emfuleni salmon ezimhlophe, futhi Arctic Cisco futhi whitefish futhi whitefish futhi aphele. Futhi-ke, eziningi zinhlobo ngakho ezingavamile futhi kuyabiza: burbot, Pike, perch, carp crucian.

On ukuzingelwa emizileni

Esiqiwini "Ergaki" kukhona izindawo izivakashi. izinkambo ethile ethakazelisa ngokukhethekile ahlinzekwa ngokusebenzisa ehlathini, lapho ungakwazi uqobo ukuhlola ukwehlukahluka okukhona ehlathini, nakuba Yiqiniso, iso ziyokuwa, akuzona zonke izitshalo nezilwane esisempumalanga yoMfula Yenisei. Izithombe izivakashi imenze ukushaywa umoya kanjalo, kuba umcabango zalabo ongakaze alubhade kwi abazingela emizileni laseSiberia.